Abstract: A silver metallizing paste for attachment of silicon semi-conductive devices in lead-frame packages, specifically ceramic packages, which is less expensive than a gold preform but useable in hermetic packages, and provides better electrical and thermal conductivity, and higher bond strength, than silver polyimides. From 25 to 95% of silver is blended with a low-melting glass, preferably one having 95-96% PbO, and a paste or ink is formed with a suitable vehicle at 75-85% solids. Use of the paste follows conventional practice. Selection of Ag:glass ratio depends on the type of die bonding to be used. The paste is particularly useful in MOS technology, where low contact resistance is required, and also finds applications as a solder substitute and bonding chip capacitors. It is most advantageous in attachment of larger-area integrated circuits in that stress cracking associated with the gold-silicon eutectic is avoided.

Abstract: Spray dried spheroidal ceramic particles are fired at about 100.degree. to 150.degree. (C.) less than the optimum firing temperature, so as to achieve about 95% of theoretical density while avoiding more than nominal co-sintering (e.g. sticking together). The fired spheroidal ceramics are useful as such in a variety of applications, and can also be pressed into shapes and re-fired to form porous ceramic filter elements of closely controlled permeability.

Abstract: Process for flotation of copper sulfide ones using a flotation reagent produced by the reaction of an alkali metal lower alkyl xanthate and 2-chloroisopropyl formate.

Abstract: In my U.S. Pat. No. 4,054,246, a double-walled structure collects solar heat with air as the heat transfer medium, which heat is stored in subterranean gravel pits. In the present invention, (1) the design of the gravel pits is improved, (2) the efficiency of the solar collectors is improved, whereby needed collection area is reduced, (3) seepage into the pits is minimized, and (4) novel modes of operation using ambient air are disclosed.

Abstract: A stamped, 40-lead ceramic dual-in-line package (Cer-Dip) frame is disclosed. Increased usage and lowered costs of large scale, integrated circuits (LSI) for microprocessor and similar applications has created a demand for precision ceramic packaging of the forty-lead dual-in-line type that is adapted for automated chip insertion in high-volume and at a low cost. The present invention meets this need with a stamped lead frame wherein the longest and most fragile leads are held in precise spatial relation by means of break-off tabs. After embedment of the leads on the ceramic substrate with a glass composition, the tabs are broken and removed. Forming, scoring and bending of the tabs are carried out as an integral part of the progressive stamping operation. Lead frames according to the invention replace much more expensive etched parts. The invention may be applied in a variety of packages.

Abstract: Use of a shaft kiln in continuous smelting and refining of cement copper is made possible with a mix preheater, a refined gas preheater, an air preheater, an air mix feeder and forehearths for cement oxidation and reduction, and wherein oxidation is achieved by injecting oxidant gases and reduction by injecting preheated petroleum gas, subsequent to having placed a layer of charcoal on the smelt.

Abstract: Production of an activated type alumina from aluminum dross by digestion with water, preferably pressurized. The peculiar properties associated with trace compounds present in the product make it useful for the recovery of noxious effluents from furnacing processes, including those burning fossil fuels and those used for smelting both aluminum and steel, wherein the alumina beneficially incorporates in the metallurgical flux.

Abstract: A PN junction having very low concentration gradients on both sides exhibits substantially increased breakdown voltages. A PN junction extending to the surface of a semiconductive body is formed by diffusing material of a first conductivity type into material of a second conductivity type in two stages: in the first stage, the surface concentration of impurity atoms is no higher than about 10.sup.16 per cc., and is always two to four orders of magnitude less than conventional junctions. In the second stage, the area of diffusion is smaller, so as to be surrounded by the area of said first stage diffusion, but concentration and depth are at normal levels, roughly 10.sup.17 - 10.sup.20. The higher the concentration is in the second stage, the greater the concentration difference between the two stages must be. Breakdown voltages of devices employing the junction of the invention are improved: planar transistors with BV.sub.cbo = 1000 volts may be produced.

Abstract: Electrostatic precipitators and other devices requiring vibration may be required to operate in high temperature environments, have a high dielectric strength, and withstand impacts that range into thousands of foot-pounds per second at a high repetition rate. In the present invention, a transmission or rapper rod is employed including tapered ends, that are too short to bottom in the corresponding mounting sleeves, and further including a pair of thin, malleable metallic shims between the tapered ends and the sleeves acting to accommodate dimensional tolerances and distinct surface finishes, thereby eliminating fracture-inducing impacts.

Abstract: The voltage characteristics of switching integrated circuits of the type disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 3,918,083 are improved by employing a mesa-type etch to physically separate the four vertical transistors. Interconnection may be carried out by wire bonding respective collector and emitter areas or, preferably, passivating materials are used to fill the etched grooves and interconnection is carried out by vapor deposition (e.g. planar) techniques.

Abstract: A stylus suspension for a phonograph pick-up cartridge. A first improvement includes an asymmetrically mounted ring and washer clamping the suspension block in a manner that dampens vertical compliance of the suspension. A further improvement includes a suspension block specifically adapted to accommodate the ring, thus more particularly defining the pivot point. In this instance the ring may be mounted symmetrically or as in the first improvement. A still further improvement includes an armature of reduced mass that, surprisingly, does not result in lessened performance.

Abstract: A stock feeder particularly adopted for feeding narrow, prepunched strip, and featuring a positive locator/stock holder assembly. The stock feeder positively pilots and feeds the stock with more force, and is more compact and less expensive to build, than comparable feeders. Operation is entirely pneumatic. Holding pilots and feed pilots assure positive and accurate feeding.

Abstract: Production of an activated type alumina from aluminum dross by digestion with water, preferably pressurized. The peculiar properties associated with trace compounds present in the product make it useful for the recovery of noxious effluents from furnacing processes, including those burning fossil fuels and those used for smelting both aluminum and steel, wherein the alumina beneficially incorporates in the metallurgical flux.

Abstract: Production of an activated type alumina from aluminum dross by digestion with water, preferably pressurized. The peculiar properties associated with trace compounds present in the product make it useful for the recovery of noxious effluents from furnacing processes, including those burning fossil fuels and those used for smelting both aluminum and steel, wherein the alumina beneficially incorporates in the metallurgical flux.

Abstract: A novel humidity sensor printed and fired on a dielectric substrate comprising an interdigitated pattern of a conductive precious metal with cobalt oxide as the only binder. Sensors according to the invention may be employed as hermeticity detectors in semiconductor packages.

Abstract: A continuous process for producing high-purity methyl chloroformate, by reacting liquid methanol with an excess of phosgene at no more than 20.degree. C., preferably about 15.degree. C. Phosgene is absorbed in a large circulating load of pre-formed chloroformate that has also methanol added to it. The product stream is treated to remove light ends, and a 98% pure product results.

Abstract: The quality of dialkyl dithiophosphates as flotation promoters is improved by addition to the neutralized acid of small quantities of a trialkyl amine. More important, promoters thus stabilized exhibit markedly increased storage life and substantially no tendency to corrode steel. Shipping and storage of these products is thus facilitated.

Abstract: A high density precious metal powder that resists sintering at 600.degree. C. and contains a very small percentage of titania or zirconia is produced by co-nucleation and precipitation of gold and titania from an ammoniacal solution at pH 3-4 with a bisulfite.A nickel powder including a very small percentage of a refractory oxide such as zirconia is prepared by co-nucleation and precipitation from an alkaline solution with hydrazine.Materials so prepared have oxidation resistance and sintering temperatures superior to the pure metal, and find utility in microelectronics as air-fired thick films. Nickel powders so prepared are also useful as hydrogenation catalysts and in other applications.

Abstract: A novel humidity sensor printed and fired on a dielectric substrate comprising an interdigitated pattern of a conductive precious metal with cobalt oxide as the only binder. Sensors according to the invention may be employed as hermeticity detectors in semiconductor packages.

Abstract: A magnetic stereo phonograph pick-up cartidge, including a removable stylus assembly of low mass which includes means for precisely aligning the armature with respect to the pole pieces. A boss on the stylus assembly and a mating aperture on the cartridge body assure alignment in the first instance, and a symmetrical, rubber, armature-pivot block is so positioned that perfect alignment between armature and pole pieces, and a proper tracking angle, are achieved only when the stylus is on a recording. The stylus assembly further includes a permanent magnet for energizing the armature, mounted so as to minimize interaction with the pole pieces and eliminate any distortion of the armature, and so provide a more linear, distortion-free response.