Abstract: Certain ketones of substituted furans and thiophenes of the formula ##SPC1##Where Y is for example 3-(2,5-dichlorothienyl), o-bromophenyl, etc., the R's are for example hydrogen, halogen, etc., and X is oxygen or sulfur, are useful for controlling pests, particularly acarids (mites and ticks), insects and nematodes.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire of the tubeless type, embodying a layer of puncture sealant composition based on a major proportion of low molecular weight liquid elastomer with a minor proportion of a high molecular weight elastomer, containing a crosslinking agent in an amount sufficient to give a partial cure. An example of the composition of the invention is a blend of 60 parts of depolymerized natural rubber and 40 parts of cis-polyisoprene, partially crosslinked by the action of 6 parts of tetra-n-butyl titanate so as to provide a gel content of about 40%.

Abstract: Catalytic hydrogenation of o-nitrophenylazohydroxyaryls in an alkaline medium yields hydroxyarylbenzotriazoles; under mild conditions an N-oxide is formed. E.g., 6-tert-butyl-2-(5'-chloro-2'-nitrohenylazo)-p-cresol is hydrogenated to 5-chloro-2-(3'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)benzotriazole, using platinum sulfide catalyst in the presence of sodium hydroxide: ##SPC1##In this case A in the starting chemical is 5-chloro, n is 1, Ar is phenyl nucleus, m is 2, one B is 6-tert-butyl and the other B is 4-methyl; in the product x is zero. Chemicals useful for various purposes, including the stabilization of polymeric materials (e.g., polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride) against light, may be made by the process.

Abstract: Compounds having either of the structures ##SPC1##Have strong acaricidal activity, in which R is a phenyl or naphthyl group, or phenyl with certain designated substitution. Thus, mites may be controlled on such crops as cotton by applying such compounds as 2-(1-naphthyl)benzothiazoline or 2-(5-t-butyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole.

Abstract: New 2-(1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yl) benzoic acids and salts and esters thereof, as well as certain 2-(2-oxazolyl) benzoic acids, salts and esters, having the formula: ##SPC1##Where X is nitrogen or C-R" (R" being hydrogen or methyl), R is phenyl or various substituents, and R' and the Y's are hydrogen or various substituents, are effective preemergence or postemergence herbicides, on various crops. The chemicals act selectively and are useful against purple nutsedge and in cranberry. Oxadiazoles of the invention may be made by reacting a benzhydrazide with phthalic anhydride to form a hydrazide which is cyclized by removal of the elements of water, using as a catalyst fuming sulfuric acid or dimethylformamide-sulfur trioxide complex.

Abstract: Certain 2-sulfinyl and 2-sulfonyl pyridine N-oxide derivatives, e.g., 2-(2-chlorophenylmethylsulfonyl)pyridine N-oxide, useful in preemergence or postemergence control of weeds.

Abstract: Solution halogenation of EPDM (rubbery terpolymer of ethylene, an alpha mono-olefin, and a nonconjugated diene) in the presence of an epoxy compound such as epoxidized soybean oil with or without a poly(alkylene ether) glycol yields a halogenated EPDM of excellent viscosity stability and limited gel content.

Abstract: New chemicals containing two diphenylaminomethane groups, linked together by a moiety other than oxygen, e.g., 1,2-bis[4-(3-methyl-alpha-aminobenzyl)phenoxy]ethane, are effective antimicrobial agents useful as agricultural or industrial fungicides and bactericides.

Abstract: Fabric is coated with a cellular blend of polyvinyl chloride resin and butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber, the said rubber component being vulcanized; the coating is buffed to expose the cells and thereby produce an artificial suede finish. The presence of the cured butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber in the composition eliminates the undesirable "glint" or shine that would otherwise be present, and gives a desirable flat finish. If an additional noncellular layer of the blend of polyvinyl chloride resin and butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber is interposed between the base fabric and the cellular surface layer, the abrasion resistance of the laminate is enhanced.

Abstract: A cover for a drum made of a thermoplastic elastomeric blend of poly-alpha-olefin plastic (e.g., polypropylene, 40%) with EPM or EPDM (e.g., ethylene-propylene-5-ethylidene-2-norbornene terpolymer, 60%).

Abstract: Substituted 2,3-dihydro-1,4-oxathiins of the formula ##SPC1##Display useful plant growth regulant effects including herbicidal effects. Examples are 2,3-dihydro-5,6-diphenyl-1,4-oxathiin, and 2,3-dihydro-5-(4-methyl-phenyl)-6-phenyl-1,4-oxathiin 4-oxide. The compounds are useful for the selective control of grasses and as dwarfing agents, as well as for inhibition of vegetative and reproductive axillary growth, and for increasing the sugar content of sugar producing species. A number of these are new compounds.This invention relates to a method of regulating the growth of plants and to plant growth regulant compositions useful in such method, as well as to chemical compounds useful in such compositions.Regulation of the growth of plants is frequently desirable for a number of reasons. For example, the control of weeds is of great economic importance. Weed competition inhibits the production of foliage, fruit or seed of agricultural crops.

Abstract: Plant growth regulant effects, such as dwarfing, cessation of terminal growth, increased flower set, increased fruit and pod set, fruiting body abortion, twisting and epinastic responses, etc., may be accomplished on crops such as soybeans, cotton, etc., by application of certain 2-(1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl) or 2-(2-oxazolyl) or 2-(1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)benzoic acids, salts and esters, having the formula ##SPC1##Where X is nitrogen or C--R" (R" being hydrogen or methyl), Z is oxygen or sulfur when X is nitrogen, Z is oxygen when X is C--R", R is phenyl or various substituents, and R' is hydrogen or various substituents. An example is 2-(5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)benzoic acid. The compounds where X is nitrogen and Z is sulfur are new compounds, e.g., 2-(5-phenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)benzoic acid.

Abstract: A light stable polyurethane elastomer is prepared in the absence of solvent from a polyol, a chain extender and an aliphatic polyisocyanate using a thio tin organic compound, containing sulfur directly attached to the tin, as a heat activated catalyst. E.g., a solventless liquid composition comprising an hydroxy-terminated polyester, a chain extender, and hydrogenated MDI, containing dibutyltin S,S-bis(isooctyl mercaptoacetate) as a catalyst, has a pot life in excess of 25 minutes at room temperature but upon heating 1 minute at 375.degree.F. gels to a solid state. Because of this combination of long pot life and rapid cure, the composition is suitable for such applications as making coated fabrics and films, and in other liquid processing techniques, e.g., rotational casting, liquid injection molding, and the like.

Abstract: Certain N,N'-bis(1,1-dioxohydrothienyl)diamino-alkanes, e.g., N,N'-bis(1,1-dioxotetrahydro-3-thienyl)-1,2-diaminopropane, useful as chain extenders for poly-urethanes, especially high resiliency, flexible poly-urethane foams.

Abstract: Rubber, e.g., butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer rubber, in readily friable or free flowing powdered form is prepared by halogenating (e.g., chlorinating) the rubber in particulate form in an aqueous medium. Sodium hypochlorite/acid or chlorine water may be used as the chlorinating agent. Preferred bound chlorine content of the treated rubber is at least 0.1%.

Abstract: Halogenated olefin copolymer rubber, particularly halogenated EPDM (prepared by heating the rubber in admixture with an N-haloamide [e.g., 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethyl hydantoin or N,N'-dichloro-p-toluene sulfonamide]) is blended with curatives (sulfur, accelerator) and a resorcinol-aldehyde condensation product in which the aldehyde has 2-4 carbon atoms (e.g., acetaldehyde) to make a vulcanizable adhesive for nylon textile. Nylon fabric coated with the composition is useful for making air bags (passive restraints for automotive vehicles). The adhesive is also useful for making nylon-reinforced tires, hose, etc.

Abstract: A hydrogenation catalyst is prepared by:A. providing a hydrocarbon-soluble catalyst precursor which is a reaction product of (a) a transition metal compound (e.g. nickel acetylacetonate) with (b) a phenolic substance (e.g. p-nonylphenol); andB. reducing the soluble precursor with (c) an organometallic reducing agent (e.g. n-butyllithium) in a solvent medium to form a highly active catalyst.The catalyst is useful for hydrogenating polyisoprene, EPDM, 1-octene, etc.