Abstract: A device is disclosed. The device contains a first electro-optical waveguide comprising at least one first grating, a second electro-optical waveguide comprising at least one second grating, a plurality of electrodes disposed adjacent to the first grating and configured to impose an electric field through the first electro-optical waveguide to modify spectra of the first grating, a fiber amplifier configured to propagate a laser radiation between the first electro-optical waveguide and the second electro-optical waveguide, and at least two circulators associated with the fiber amplifier and the first electro-optical waveguide and the second electro-optical waveguide and configured to provide unidirectional propagation of the laser radiation along the fiber amplifier.

Abstract: An absorber is disclosed. The disclosed absorber contains a base layer, and a pyramidally shaped absorbing material disposed above the base layer and configured to absorb an incident light and generate minority electrical carriers and majority electrical carrier, wherein the pyramidally shaped absorbing material defines a plurality of holes within it.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for a detector are disclosed. The apparatus disclosed contains an extractor layer, an absorber layer disposed adjacent to the extractor layer, a first electrical contact and a second electrical contact. The absorber layer is configured to absorb photons of incident light and generate minority electrical carriers and majority electrical carriers. In the disclosed apparatus, the top surface of the absorber layer is shaped as a pyramid, the extractor layer is electrically connected with the absorber layer and with the first electrical contact for extracting the minority electrical carriers, and the absorber layer is electrically connected with the extractor layer and with the second electrical contact to extract the majority electrical carriers.