Abstract: The invention describes methods and compositions for alleviating recurrent medical afflictions for which anxiety may cause or exacerbate the affliction. A subject suffering from the affliction is treated with a combination of a pharmaceutical that enhances learning, and a second pharmaceutical recognized to be useful for treatment of the affliction. Representative afflictions include insomnia, erectile dysfunction, female sexual dysfunction, neuropathic pain, attention deficit disorder, and depression.

Abstract: A method of protecting username/password (U/P) credentials operates on a client computer that cooperates with an anti-phishing scheme that generates a client warning at the client computer when a suspected phishing website issues a U/P request. At the client computer, a set of S fake U/P credentials is generated when the client warning is heeded, or a set of (S?1) fake U/P credentials are derived from a client-supplied U/P credential provided after the client warning is ignored. The client computer then transmits to the suspected phishing website one of (i) the set of S fake U/P credentials, and (ii) the client-supplied U/P credential along with the set of (S?1) fake U/P credentials.

Abstract: Carbon nanoflakes, methods of making the nanoflakes, and applications of the carbon nanoflakes are provided. In some embodiments, the carbon nanoflakes are carbon nanosheets, which are less than 2 nm thick. The carbon nanoflakes may be made using RF-PECVD. Carbon nanoflakes may be useful as field emitters, for hydrogen storage applications, for sensors, and as catalyst supports.

Abstract: A proton conductor system includes a solid oxide having at least one hydrogen vibrational mode defined by a bandwidth and resonance frequency. A light source irradiates the solid oxide with infrared light in a wavelength band having a center frequency matching the resonance frequency.

Abstract: The invention describes methods and compositions for alleviating recurrent medical afflictions for which anxiety may cause or exacerbate the affliction. A subject suffering from the affliction is treated with a combination of a pharmaceutical that enhances learning, and a second pharmaceutical recognized to be useful for treatment of the affliction. Representative afflictions include insomnia, erectile dysfunction, female sexual dysfunction, neuropathic pain, attention deficit disorder, and depression.

Abstract: Methods for treating an individual with a psychiatric order with a pharmacologic agent that enhances learning or conditioning in combination with a session of psychotherapy are provided. These methods of the invention encompass a variety of methods of psychotherapy, and psychodynamically oriented psychotherapy, and psychiatric orders including fear and anxiety disorders, addictive disorders, addictive disorders including substance-abuse disorders, and mood disorders. The pharmacologic agents used for the methods of the present invention are ones that generally enhance learning or conditioning, including those that increase the level of norepinephrine in the brain, those that increase the level of acetylcholine in the brain, and those that enhance N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor transmission in the brain.

Abstract: We describe novel compositions and methods for reducing fire and smoke hazards associated with rigid and flexible PVC. Cone calorimetry studies have identified several copper additives that are highly effective as combustion inhibitors for PVC. Mixed-metal oxides of copper(II) are especially attractive in this regard, some of which are strongly synergistic for smoke suppression when they are combined, in particular CuTi3O7 and Cu3(MoO4)2(OH)2. These novel combinations are useful for PVC applications wherein color is not of primary importance.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for improving treatment of various medical conditions via administration of D-cycloserine to facilitate extinction learning. Specifically, by administering D-cycloserine on a post-extinction training pre-sleep basis, subsequent to extinction training during the day, the methods can improve upon the known ability of D-cycloserine to facilitate extinction learning.

Abstract: A process is described for modifying polymeric surfaces. The process is particularly useful for modification of polyesters, and can be used to impart surface functionality that confers antimicrobial, anti-soiling, or other desirable properties to the polymer. The process comprises the steps of exposing a polymeric substrate to deep UV irradiation, followed by reaction with a grafting agent. In preferred embodiments, a vapor-phase grafting agent undergoes covalent reactions with the UV-modified polymer surface to produce a polymer with improved properties.

Abstract: A novel organic thiol stabilizer for PVC is described herein. Specifically, this novel thiol stabilizer for PVC is dipentaerythritol hexakis(mercaptoacetate). The organic thiol stabilizer of the present invention, when blended with halogen-containing polymers such as PVC, or derivatives thereof, provides advantages in cost and/or performance relative to existing organic stabilizers for PVC.

Abstract: Methods are described for preparing graft copolymers from poly(vinyl chloride) or vinyl chloride copolymers comprising reacting these materials with sources of selected metal-centered free radicals in the presence of one or more monomers that can undergo free-radical addition polymerization. The metal-centered free radicals used are capable of abstracting chlorine atoms from the starting polymer to form C-centered radicals that add to the monomer(s) in order to start the growth of branches via a free-radical route. This method is an effective method for producing PVC graft copolymers, and can be used to produce PVC graft copolymers having novel compositions. The methods of the invention are particularly useful for providing highly branched PVC graft copolymers.