Abstract: A reproducing method for a record medium includes the steps of performing a demodulating process for data that have been read from a record medium on which content data have been recorded, management information and additional information being embedded in the content data, the management information being with respect to a copy management, the additional information containing one of error detection code and error correction code added to the management information, detecting the additional information from a demodulated output signal, performing an error detecting process corresponding to one of the error detection code and the error correction code, and controlling an output operation for the demodulated output signal for the content data read from the record medium corresponding to the management information when no error is found in the error detecting process.

Abstract: A recording and/or reproducing apparatus includes a microphone, a semiconductor memory, an operating section and a controller. An output signal from the microphone is written in the semiconductor memory and the written signals are read out from the semiconductor memory. The operating section performs input processing for writing a digital signal outputted by an analog/digital converter, for reading out the digital signal stored in the semiconductor memory and for erasing the digital signal stored in the semiconductor memory. The control section controls the writing of the microphone output signal in the semiconductor memory based on an input from the operating section and the readout of the digital signal stored in the semiconductor memory.

Abstract: The invention provides a rechargeable battery apparatus wherein, when secondary batteries having different terminal voltages are used in parallel connection, a back current is prevented and a loss which is produced in a diode for prevention of back current is reduced. A plurality of switch elements are individually connected in series to a plurality of secondary batteries, and diodes for prevention of back current for the secondary batteries are individually connected in parallel to the switch elements. Upon parallel charging or parallel discharging of the secondary batteries, voltages across the diodes are detected by a reverse bias detection circuit, and the switch element which corresponds to one of the diodes which exhibits a reverse bias voltage is switched on.