Abstract: A coated consumable product and process for manufacturing such a product are disclosed. The product comprises aspartame and citric acid or malic acid made by use of a process which produces a substantially pure, dust-free, free-flowing, easily dissolvable product.

Abstract: A low sodium salt composition suitable as a table salt product which comprises:a. 30 to 90 parts NaCl;b. 5 to 70 parts of a non-gritty bulking agent; andc. 0 to 40 parts of a binder;wherein the bulking agent is coated with the NaCl or the NaCl, bulking agent and, optionally binder are uniformly dispersed in a granule is provided. The composition preferably has a density of less than about 0.6 gram/cc and tastes and handles like ordinary table salt.

Abstract: A low sodium salt composition contains NaCl, a bulking agent and optionally a binder. The composition preferably has a density of less than about 0.6 gram/cc and tastes, handles and flows like a table salt.

Abstract: A reduced calorie frozen dairy dessert or frozen yogurt produced by:(a) heating a mix of milk ingredients and water to a sufficient temperature to promote the pasteurization of said ingredients;(b) cooling said ingredients and treating said ingredients with an enzyme for a sufficient period of time to reduce any inherent milk polysaccharides to their monosaccharide components;(c) heating and maintaining said ingredients at a temperature between about 70.degree. C. to about 95.degree. C. for between about 5 minutes and about 60 minutes;(d) adding a high potency sweetener and flavors to said mixture; and(e) freezing said mixture;said frozen dairy dessert not including any added sugars or bulking agents is provided. The dairy dessert is low in calories and has a superior texture.

Abstract: A product which includes sweetening agent and caramel is disclosed. The product includes limited amounts of caramel and is surprisingly fast dissolving.

Abstract: A one-pot process for the preparation of .alpha.-L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester hydrochloride is disclosed (.alpha.-APM(HCl)). .alpha.-APM(HCl) is an intermediate in the preparation of aspartame.

Abstract: A formulation which may be used to produce sugar-free marshmallow bits and frosted coatings is disclosed. The marshmallow bits may be used in ready-to-eat cereals. The frosted coatings may be added to a variety of food products, including cereals, cookies, confections, pastries, and sweetened snack foods. The formulation preferably includes hydrogenated starch hydrolysate, egg whites, and aspartame.

Abstract: Ice crystal growth in inhibited in frozen food products by adding a partially delignified plant fiber, a hemicellulose B or mixtures thereof to the frozen food product.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of .alpha.-L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester hydrochloride (.alpha.-APM(HCl)) is disclosed. .alpha.-APM(HCl) is an intermediate in the preparation of aspartame.

Abstract: N-formyl-L-aspartic anhydride is prepared using a minimum excess of formic acid. Acetic anhydride and a C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 secondary alcohol are added to the reaction mixture to consume excess formic acid. The reaction is suitable for further reactions without modification.

Abstract: A modified hemicellulose A, hemicellulose B, modified hemicellulose A, modified hemicellulose B, or mixtures thereof are employed as water soluble bulking agents to replace the functional properties of carbohydrates or fats.

Abstract: An acoustic borehole well logging method and apparatus for measuring azimuthal anisotropy of a formation traversed by a borehole using at least one multipole transducer. In a preferred embodiment, a dipole wave transmitter and at least one detector sensitive to dipole waves are employed. In an alternative preferred embodiment, a monopole transmitter and at least one multipole detector are employed. In the inventive method, two acoustic wave arrivals are detected, each associated with a different azimuthal orientation relative to the longitudinal axis of the borehole (i.e. each is transmitted by a multipole transmitter oriented at such angle, or is detected by a multipole detector oriented at such angle, or both). The inventive apparatus preferably includes at least one transducer unit including two or more multipole transmitters (or two or more multipole detectors) oriented at different azimuthal angles relative to the tool's longitudinal axis.

Abstract: This application discloses a process for drilling and primary cementing a well using a drilling fluid containing a polymeric material which may be cemented into a well cement by irradiation with a suitable radioactive source.

Abstract: An acoustic logging apparatus and method are disclosed for determining the direction of a subsurface noise source, such as a blowout well or fluid channeling behind well casing. The apparatus comprises cylindrical piezoelectric crystal transducers processed to buck each other. The method employs such an apparatus and includes generating and observing output from the crystals. The direction of the noise relative to the position of the apparatus is indicated by determining the position of the crystal transducers when their phase and amplitude differences are at a minimum. The transducer leading in phase at a point perpendicular to said position is the transducer closest to the noise source and is used to indicate the absolute direction of the noise.

Abstract: A method of reducing the permeability of an area of a subterranean formation is disclosed. An alkali metal silicate foam is produced by injecting into the formation a solution of alkali metal silicate and a chemical surfactant, and a non-condensible gas. The foam hardens into a substantially impermeable solid. The foam may be used to reduce permeability in areas of the formation which have been steam swept during steam stimulation cycles. Thus, subsequent steam stimulation cycles will be directed to uncontacted areas of the formation.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for concentrating surfactant in an aqueous solution. The method comprises adding to the solution a component incompatible with the surfactant, such as a water-soluble polymer, thereby displacing the surfactant from the aqueous phase of the solution. The component remains in the aqueous phase and the surfactant goes into a surfactant-rich phase. The surfactant-rich phase can then be separated from the aqueous phase by conventional separation devices or techniques. This method is particularly applicable to concentrating surfactant recovered from a reservoir following an enhanced oil recovery process employing surfactant. The method may be practiced in the field or off-site.

Abstract: A device for detecting defects in the bore of a tubular member. The device includes an inspection head including an electromagnet for magnetizing the internal surface of a tubular member. The device also includes a sensor or sensors to detect magnetic flux leakage indicative of a defect. The magnetic flux sensor output is sent to a control-data acquisition system concurrently with signals as to the axial and circumferential position of the defect, which are obtained by their respective encoders. The control-data acquisition system is capable of processing and displaying the data in analog and digital form.