Abstract: A fluid seal device for use in sealing an annular space between an internal surface of a cylinder and a member therein having an outer cylindrical surface and being formed at least in part from rubber. An oleamide additive is included in the rubber compound comprising about 1.0%–5.0% by weight of oleamide. The oleamide additive to the rubber of the fluid seal device results in a reduced coefficient of friction and low speed vibration as well as enhanced abrasion resistance.

Abstract: A lawnmower is convertible between a bagging mode and a mulching mode. The convertible lawnmower includes a cutter housing having a discharge opening, an engine mount centrally positioned on the cutter housing, a prime mover supported on the engine mount, a rotary mulching blade coupled to the prime mover to rotate in a cutting plane about a rotation axis within the cutter housing, a cover and a fin extending from the cover toward the cutting plane. The cover is movably mounted within the cutter housing in a plane parallel to the cutting plane and between a fill bagging position where the discharge opening is unobstructed by the cover and a full mulching position where the cover obstructs the discharge opening.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for testing a memory unit (113) to be tested in a test device (100), the memory unit (113) to be tested being introduced into the test device (100), a first data register (102a–102N) to be tested being read out from the memory unit (113) to be tested and being tested in a comparator unit (106), and then at least one further data register (102a–102N) to be tested being read out of the memory unit (113) to be tested and tested in a comparator unit (106).

Abstract: Tone signal detection circuit for a receiving circuit for detecting at least one tone signal of predetermined tone signal frequency (fE) which is contained in a received analog input signal, comprising a reference signal generator (41) for generating an analog converter reference signal which consists of a reference DC (VrefDC) and a periodic reference AC (VrefAC) having a variable fundamental frequency (fG), which is superimposed on the reference DC, an analog/digital converter (11) for converting the analog input signal into a digital data stream in dependence on the analog converter reference signal (Vref); and comprising a digital control circuit (20) which adjusts the variable fundamental frequency (fG) of the reference signal (Vref) generated by the reference signal generator (42) in accordance with the predetermined tone signal frequencies (fG) of the tone signals to be detected and evaluates the digital data stream output by the digital analog/digital converter (11) for detecting a data pattern corres

Abstract: A device for driving a memory cell (601) of a memory module which can be operated with an external voltage (VEXT) and an operating frequency (fCLK), whereas the memory cell (601) has a capacitance (600) for storing charges and a transistor (602) for reading charges from the capacitance (600) and for writing charges to the capacitance (600), which transistor can be controlled with a control voltage (VPP), which has a charge store (614) for supplying a control voltage (VPP) which is greater than the external voltage (VEXT). The charge store (614) being able to be charged by the external voltage (VEXT), and the charging of the charge store (614) is able to be controlled by a charging control frequency (fCC) derived from the operating frequency (fCLK) of the memory module.

Abstract: The invention creates a method for adjusting a ringing signal current in a subscriber line (106), a ringing signal generator (114) which generates the ringing signal being connected with one end of the subscriber line (106) and at least one subscriber (102) being connected to another end of the subscriber line (106), comprising the steps of detecting a ringing signal current of the ringing signal; of comparing the detected ringing signal current with a predetermined current value; and when the detected ringing signal current is greater than the predetermined current value, reducing a ringing signal voltage of the ringing signal in such a manner that the ringing signal current is equal to the predetermined current value, the ringing signal voltage being dropped across the subscriber line (106) and a load of at least one subscriber (102). The invention also creates a circuit arrangement for carrying out the method.

Abstract: Driver circuit for driving a useful signal having: (a) at least one amplifier circuit (3a, 3b) with low output impedance for the signal amplification of the useful signal; (b) a protection impedance (9a, 9b) respectively connected downstream of the amplifier circuit (3a, 3b) and serving to protect the amplifier circuit (3a, 3b); characterized in that (c) provision is respectively made of a feedback circuit (14a, 14b) for the frequency-dependent signal feedback of the useful signal amplified by the amplifier circuit (3a, 3b).

Abstract: Digital modem for data exchange between a data distribution unit (2) and at least one receiver (3, 4) which can be connected to the digital modem (1) with: a user-data forward signal path (17) for the transmission of user data from the television-data distribution unit (2) to the receiver (3, 4) over broadband user-data forward transmission channels, a backward signal path (42) for the transmission of television-receiver control data from the receiver (3, 4) to the data distribution unit (2) over narrowband backward transmission channels; and with a control-data forward signal path (27) for the transmission of narrowband control data or user data from the data distribution unit (2) to the receiver (3, 4) over narrowband forward transmission channels, it additionally being possible for broadband user data to be transmitted over the control-data forward signal path (27) from the data distribution unit (2) to the receiver (3, 4).

Abstract: A method of generating a temperature measurement for a batch or a continuous stream of material. The method includes providing a particle having a signal that changes at a pre-determined temperature; inserting the particle into the batch or continuous stream; and detecting a signal change from the particle to thereby generate a temperature measurement for the batch or continuous stream. A suitable system for use in carrying out the method is also described.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for removing phosphorus from a wastewater effluent stream from a hog waste lagoon. The wastewater effluent is introduced to the bottom of an inverted cone-shaped continuous crystallizer including a fluidized bed of struvite therein. An effective amount of ammonia is introduced to the wastewater effluent at the bottom of the crystallizer to elevate the pH of wastewater effluent a predetermined amount. An effective amount of magnesium is also introduced to the wastewater effluent at the bottom of the crystallizer. The composition adjusted wastewater effluent is then continuously passed upwardly through the fluidized bed of struvite to reduce the total phosphorus content of the wastewater effluent a predetermined amount of up to about 80% or more. The treated wastewater effluent stream is removed from the top of the crystallizer, and struvite crystals that grow large enough to sink from the bottom of the crystallizer are periodically removed from a collection chamber therebeneath.

Abstract: A transport adapter layer interface (TALI) includes messages, processes, and packet structures for sending and receiving SS7 information over a stream-oriented connection, such as a TCP/IP connection. For example, the TALI interface includes test messages for testing the status of a connection and allow and prohibit messages for enabling and disabling service data communications without invoking a TCP handshaking procedure. The TALI interface also includes SYNC and LENGTH fields for facilitating extraction of individual message packets over a stream-oriented connection.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for connecting test bench elements (102a–102f), and a shell device, a test bench element shell (201) partially or completely surrounding a circuit unit (101) to be verified, so that test bench elements (102a–102f) can be connected to the test bench element shell (201). Test data streams (203a–203f) pass in each case between the test bench elements (102a–102f) and the test bench element shell (201), the test bench element shell (201) which surrounds the circuit unit (101) to be verified being connected via interface data streams (P0(0)–P0(7), P1(0)–P1(7), 204a, 204b, 204c) to the circuit unit (101) to be verified. The test bench element shell (201) ensures that in each case a specific protocol with associated operations can be executed, during which process, depending on the configuration, an interface exchanges interface data streams (P0(0)–P0(7), P1(0)–P1(7), 204a–204c) of the circuit unit (101) to be verified with the corresponding test bench element (102a–102f).

Abstract: The invention relates to a tuning circuit for tuning a filter stage, which has an RC element (1) with an RC time constant (?), with the RC time constant (?) being the product of the resistance of a resistor (R1) in the RC element (1) and the capacitance of a capacitor (C1), which is connected in series with the resistor (R1), in the RC element (1), having a comparator (10) for comparison of the voltage which is produced at the potential node (4) between the resistor (R1) and the capacitor (C1), with a reference ground voltage; and having a controller (15) which varies the charge on the capacitor (C1) in the RC element (1) until the comparator (10) indicates that the voltage which is produced at the potential node (4) is equal to the reference ground voltage, with the controller (15) switching a capacitor array (26) as a function of the charge variation time, which capacitor array (26) is connected in parallel with the capacitor (C1) in the RC element (1), in order to compensate for any discrepancy between the

Abstract: Reactors and methods for miniaturized reactions having enhanced reaction kinetics. In particular the subject matter is directed to chemical and biological reactions conducted in a nanoporous membrane environment. The subject matter contemplates methods for modifying the kinetics of reactions and devices for conducting reactions having modified kinetics. The subject matter also provides systems for rapid miniaturized reactions. Further the subject matter includes methods and kits for conducting a reaction with enhanced throughput and methods of conducting miniaturized, high throughput analyses of reaction products, and the like. Reactions performed on or within a nanoporous membrane exhibits improved kinetic characteristics.

Abstract: The invention establishes a method and a device for supplying external circuit units with an overvoltage (101), present on a high voltage circuit (100), in which connected items of low voltage equipment (116) are protected from damage due to the applied overvoltage (101), a protection device (111) for the protection of the item of low voltage equipment (116) from damage due to the overvoltage (101) present on the high voltage circuit (100) being connected in such a way that the protection device (111) is connected in series between the high voltage circuit (101) [sic] and the item of low voltage equipment (116), and a low voltage (112), which is applied to a low voltage node (110), which is arranged between the protection device (111) and the item of low voltage equipment (116), and which is made available to the item of low voltage equipment (116), being clamped by means of the protection device (111) to a voltage value, which does not exceed a definable voltage value of the protection voltage (113), in such

Abstract: An apparatus and method for removing phosphorus from a wastewater effluent stream from a hog waste lagoon. The wastewater effluent is introduced to the bottom of an inverted cone-shaped continuous crystallizer including a fluidized bed of struvite therein. An effective amount of ammonia is introduced to the wastewater effluent at the bottom of the crystallizer to elevate the pH of wastewater effluent a predetermined amount. An effective amount of magnesium is also introduced to the wastewater effluent at the bottom of the crystallizer. The composition adjusted wastewater effluent is then continuously passed upwardly through the fluidized bed of struvite to reduce the total phosphorus content of the wastewater effluent a predetermined amount of up to about 80% or more. The treated wastewater effluent stream is removed from the top of the crystallizer, and struvite crystals that grow large enough to sink from the bottom of the crystallizer are periodically removed from a collection chamber therebeneath.

Abstract: A lawnmower is convertible between a bagging mode and a mulching mode. The convertible lawnmower includes a cutter housing having a discharge opening, an engine mount centrally positioned on the cutter housing, a prime mover supported on the engine mount, a rotary mulching blade coupled to the prime mover to rotate in a cutting plane about a rotation axis within the cutter housing, a cover and a fin extending from the cover toward the cutting plane. The cover is movably mounted within the cutter housing in a plane parallel to the cutting plane and between a full bagging position where the discharge opening is unobstructed by the cover and a full mulching position where the cover obstructs the discharge opening.

Abstract: An auto-provisioning routing node including a mobile services node network address translation database and an auto-provisioning function for automatically provisioning the database is disclosed. The auto-provisioning routing node receives signaling messages that require network address translation services. The auto-provisioning routing node routes messages for which no translations exist to a default mobile services node and adds entries for the corresponding IMSIs in its mobile services node network address translation database. The default mobile services node determines whether it has records for these messages. If the default mobile services node does not have records for these messages, the default mobile services node routes the messages to a second mobile services node via the routing node. The routing node updates entries for IMSIs in the mobile services node network address translation database based on the information inserted by the default mobile services node.

Abstract: A high-density multichannel microwire electrode array is disclosed. The array can comprise a variable number of electrodes. A method of assembling the array is further disclosed. Additionally, a plurality of devices employing the array are disclosed, including an intelligent brain pacemaker and a closed loop brain machine interface.