Abstract: A new apparatus and process for efficient removal of carbon from fly ash has been developed, whereby carbon removal occurs through oxidation as combustion. The ignition of the carbon is accomplished by bulk heating and molecular impingement of a suspended layer of fly ash by a heated oxidizing gas strewn, and the desired level of carbon burnout is accomplished by maintenance of combustion conditions.

Abstract: A new clubhead having a plurality of grooves extending between defined boundaries on the face surface of the clubhead has been developed. In one embodiment, two groups of grooves are arranged to only intersect at a vertical boundary that intersects the center of the sweet spot on the face surface to form a chevron pattern within the define boundaries. In an alternate embodiment, the two groups of grooves traverse fully across the defined grooved area of the face surface to intersect to form a plurality of parallelogram-shaped areas within the grooved area.