Abstract: A method for producing a light-transmissive printed substrate is provided. The substrate is printed with a predetermined pattern of a light-transmissive phase change ink which initially transmits light in a non-rectilinear path. When the pattern of solidified phase change ink is subsequently reoriented to form an ink layer of substantially uniform thickness, a printed image layer is formed which will transmit light in a substantially rectilinear path and is suitable for overhead projection.In some instances the adhesion between the ink image layer and the substrate is not as high as is desired. This problem can result in delamination of the ink from the film under certain conditions. In order to overcome this problem, an intermediate optically clear adhesion promoting layer is introduced between the light-transmissive phase change ink and the base substrate.

Abstract: This invention relates to modified phase change ink compatible colorants which comprise a phase change ink soluble complex of(a) a tertiary alkyl primary amine and (b) dye chromophores, i.e., materials that absorb light in the visible wavelength region to produce color having at least one pendant acid functional group in the free acid form (not the salt of that acid). These modified colorants are extremely useful in producing phase change inks when combined with a phase change ink carrier, even though the unmodified dye chromophores have limited solubility in the phase change ink carrier. Thin films of uniform thickness of the subject phase change ink compositions which employ the modified phase change ink colorants exhibit a high degree of lightness and chroma. The primary amine-dye chromphore complexes are soluble in the phase change ink carrier and exhibit excellent thermal stability.

Abstract: A method for producing a light-transmissive printed substrate is provided. The substrate is printed with a predetermined pattern of a light-transmissive phase change ink which initially transmits light in a non-rectilinear path. When the pattern of solidified phase change ink is subsequently reoriented to form an ink layer of substantially uniform thickness, a printed image layer is formed which will transmit light in a substantially rectilinear path and is suitable for overhead projection.In some instances the adhesion between the ink image layer and the substrate is not as high as is desired. This problem can result in delamination of the ink from the film under certain conditions. In order to overcome this problem, an intermediate optically clear adhesion promoting layer is introduced between the light-transmissive phase change ink and the base substrate.

Abstract: A method for producing a light-transmissive phase change ink printed substrate is described which comprises providing a substrate, and then printing on at least one surface of the substrate a predetermined pattern of a light-transmissive phase change ink which initially transmits light in a non-rectilinear path. The pattern of solidified phase change ink is then reoriented to form an ink layer of substantially uniform thickness. This ink layer will, in turn, produce an image which then will transmit light in a substantially rectilinear path.In one aspect of the invention, the substrate is light transmissive, and the reoriented printed substrate exhibits a high degree of lightness and chroma, and transmits light in a substantially rectilinear path. In this way, the reoriented printed substrate can be used in a projection device to project an image containing clear, saturated colors.

Abstract: A phase change ink carrier composition is combined with a compatible colorant to form a phase change ink composition of this invention. A thin film of substantially uniform thickness of that phase change ink carrier composition, and the ink produced therefrom, has a high degree of lightness and chroma. The thin films of a substantially uniform thickness of the ink composition are also rectilinearly light transmissive. The carrier composition is preferably a fatty amide-containing compound.

Abstract: The ink compositions of this invention comprise four aqueous component ink compositions including four different water-soluble dyes, namely, water-soluble cyan, magenta, yellow and black dyes. These component ink compositions, when used together, produce a hard copy image having a color gamut that visually more closely corresponds to the color gamut of an image displayed on the color video screen than prior art ink compositions. This specific color gamut is represented by the hereinafter described specific ranges of hue angles in a CIELAB standard chromaticity diagram for each of such component ink compositions. The nature and identity of the component ink compositions are also further described by providing the preferred ranges for each component of the wavelength of maximum absorbance (Lambda max, measured in nm) and for the spectral strength in ml/absorbance unit at that maximum point of absorbance.

Abstract: A partially-oxidized spent pulping liquor is produced which is added to unoxidized strong spent pulping liquor prior, during, or subsequent to concentration to form a novel partially-oxidized, concentrated, high total solids spent pulping liquor. This novel, partially-oxidized, concentrated spent liquor is capable of being combusted in a spent liquor recovery furnace without the addition of auxiliary heating fuel with a resultant increase in the effective capacity of that furnace.

Abstract: A system and method for venting cooling air from a plurality of filaments with which said air has been associated, employing a Coanda flow attachment means, including a Coanda flow attachment surface, to separate the filaments and air into respective streams, and then to divert said air stream in a direction away from said filament stream.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for continually preventing filament bridging between adjacent draw nozzles. The system comprises a heating element, generally in the form of a metal heating wire, which is disposed between adjacent nozzles and is positioned in the path of filaments attempting to bridge the nozzles. The temperature is maintained at a level high enough above the melting point of the filaments so that they will continuously and instantaneously melt when they contact the heating element.

Abstract: A method and a system are provided for producing a continuous liquid spray curtain which, when sprayed onto a moving surface, covers essentially the entirety of that surface without substantial streaking thereof. The subject spray curtain is produced by discharging a continuous air curtain at a relatively high velocity of at least 600 feet per second. A plurality of liquid streams are at the same time discharged from a liquid discharge means at a relatively low velocity of not more than about 20 feet per second. The air curtain contacts the liquid streams at a minimum contact angle of between about -10.degree. and about +30.degree., measured from the center line of the liquid discharge means. The contacting air curtain atomizes the liquid streams and forms the subject high velocity, uniform, liquid spray curtain.

Abstract: A forestry site preparation system is provided for removing woody material, including trees, stumps and slash from forest terrain. The system includes clearing means having a means attached thereto for fragmenting the woody material and directing the particulate masses produced by this fragmentation toward the clearing means. An auxiliary fragmenting means closely associated with the fragmenting means is also provided. By setting the distance between the fragmenting and auxiliary fragmenting means, respectively, particulate masses of a maximum, predetermined size can be produced. A tree-felling assembly extending outwardly from the housing to which the fragmenting means is mounted is employed in felling the standing trees by exerting a positive force on the tree, thereby causing felling to occur in a direction away from the system. If desired, the particulate masses can be collected and transferred to a remote storage area.

Abstract: A method and system are provided for dispersing a plurality of closely associated filaments so that the dispersed filaments are capable of being deposited, in a random, convoluted pattern, on a moving web-forming surface to form a high machine-direction strength nonwoven product. The filaments are preferably dispersed by impinging same against a fluid-dynamically-assisted, contoured deflection means, preferably comprising a curved, downwardly inclined deflection element which is continuously traversed, generally codirectional with the filament flow, by a stream of air.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for producing a novel, surface-coated, unsize-pressed cellulosic sheet, the cellulosic substrate thereof including at least 25% by weight of cedar fibers. The coating is maintained on or above the surface of the cellulosic substrate so that an optimum hold-out ratio of surface-coating-weight to surface-coating-thickness is maintained.

Abstract: A method is provided for selectively defiberizing and delignifying lignocellulose employing a novel alkaline pulping system. The subject pulping system includes a pulping liquor comprising water, a water-miscible organic reagent, and a sulfide or bisulfide compound selected from the group consisting of alkali metal sulfides and bisulfides, ammonium sulfide and ammonium bisulfide. Extremely high pulp yields as compared to kraft pulping are provided by employing the method and system of this invention.

Abstract: A novel aggregate composition is provided comprising (a) pulp mill solid waste material, and (b) partially pyrolyzed cellulosic residue, as well as a method for making same. The subject aggregate composition exhibits a high degree of water absorbency and odor absorbency, respectively, and is adapted for use as an animal litter product. The method includes the steps of forming an aqueous slurry of components (a) and (b), compressing the slurry to form a wet aggregate product, and then drying same to produce the above composition.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for dispersing a plurality of filaments, moving at high velocity, without substantial fiber aggregation, for subsequent uniform deposition on a web-forming surface, by the use of opposed Coanda nozzles. The Coanda nozzles are operated under nonsteady-state conditions whereby a substantially nonsymmetrical filament pattern is created between the opposed Coanda surfaces.

Abstract: A high-strength, high-yield sulfite-modified thermomechanical pulp is formed by subjecting lignocellulose to multistage mechanical attrition, the first stage being conducted at elevated temperature and pressure and the second stage being run under atmospheric conditions. A sulfite chemical is added to the lignocellulose prior to the second stage, the lignocellulose being sulfonated so that a percent bound sulfur level of at least about 0.15% is provided. A novel linerboard composition is unexpectedly produced employing replacement quantities of the above described pulp.

Abstract: 4,4'-substituted diaryl sulfones of high yield and high purity are selectively formed by the oxidation of 4,4'-substituted diaryl sulfides and diaryl sulfoxides, respectively, employing an aqueous slurry, including a molybdic acid-peroxide-catalyzed oxidation system, the aqueous slurry being maintained at a pH of less than about one.

Abstract: A wood chip stream capable of being selectively delaminated is produced by separating a mill-wood chip stream into respective first and second fractions on the basis of wood chip thickness. The first fraction consisting of wood chips having a predetermined thickness, is then pulped by conventional techniques. The wood chips in the second fraction are reduced to said predetermined thickness and are then selectively delaminated by compression means. After being subjected to selective delamination, the delaminated chips are pulped by conventional techniques. Accordingly, a high yield, uniform wood pulp having reduced pulp screen rejects is produced.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing novel convoluted, fiberized substantially nonfibrillated, cellulose fibers and novel sheet products from low moisture-content cellulose pulp, at a high through-put rate, which includes the application of contortive forces to a pulp mass under controlled operating conditions, wherein the feed rate, work space gap, and relative rate of movement of the working elements applying the contortive forces are correlated to maintain the work space filled with fibers under sufficient compression. Sheets made from these fibers exhibit excellent bulk, softness and absorbency properties, even when the formation process is conducted in an aqueous system, and even when substantial compacting forces are applied to the wet web processing.