Abstract: A builder free liquid detergent including at least one surfactant selected from the group consisting of nonionic, anionic, cationic, ampholytic, and zwitterionic surfactants, and a mixture of (i) a synthetic inorganic soluble alkali silicate of the formula(MO).sub.a SiO.sub.4-a/2wherein a is an integer between one and three, and M is a cation selected from the group consisting of alkali metal cations and tetraorganoammonium cations, and (ii) an anionic siliconate of the formula(MO).sub.a O.sub.(3-a)/2 Si-R-Y.sub.bwherein Y represents an alkali metal salt of an oxyacid; R is an organic linking group or other functionality selected from the group consisting of ether, sulfide, hydroxy, amide, and amine, positioned at least two carbon atoms removed from the silicon atom; a has a value of from one to three, b is an integer from one to three, and M is an alkali metal cation or hydrogen.

Abstract: An emulsifier-free hand and body lotion in the form of a clear gel dispersion. The dispersion includes a mixture of a gelled water system, a powdered carrier material of a cross-linked hydrophobic copolymer, and at least one active ingredient dispersed uniformly throughout and entrapped within said copolymer powder. The active ingredient can be one or more of a mixture of skin compatible oils, skin compatible humectants, emollients, moisturizing agents, and sunscreens.

Abstract: A method for altering a macroporous cross-linked hydrophobic copolymeric lattice produced by precipitation polymerization in a solvent of at least one monounsaturated ester monomer and at least one polyunsaturated ester monomer soluble therein, in order to render the hydrophobic copolymeric lattice hydrophilic. The method involves saponifying the hydrophobic copolymeric lattice by reacting the surface of the hydrophobic copolymeric lattice with an aqueous alkali. The surface can also be rendered hydrophilic by polymerizing an acrylate monomer onto the lattice in order to form a surface containing carboxylic acid sites. The carboxylic acid sites formed on the surface of the lattice are converted to carboxylate anions.

Abstract: Surface active silicone compounds which have an improved stability at a pH above 9 or below 4, have the general formula ##STR1## wherein each R independently represents an alkyl or aryl group, each R' represents an alkylene group preferably separating neighbouring silicon atoms by up to 3 carbon atoms, each R" independently denotes R or, only if a is 0, the group R.sub.3 SiR'--, Z represents a hydrophilic sulphur, nitrogen or phosphor containing substituent or a carboxy-functional group or a salt thereof, and a has the value 0, 1 or 2.

Abstract: A fabric softener including an alkanolamino functional silicone compound having the formula(R.sub.3 SiO).sub.2 SiR--(CHR').sub.a N.sup.+ R'.sub.b R".sub.3-b X.sup.-whereinR is an alkyl radical having one to six carbon atoms;R' is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl and aryl radicals having one to eighteen carbon atoms;R" is (CHR')OH;X is chloride, bromide, iodide, nitrate, or RSO4.sup.- ;a is an integer having a value of one to ten; andb is an integer having a value of one or two.

Abstract: A polish including a film forming wax material and a silicone rubber. The rubber is in the form of particles mixed with the film forming wax, and the silicone rubber particles contain a silicone oil. The particles have an average diameter of from about 0.3 .mu.m to about 30 .mu.m. The polish includes at least one additive selected from the group consisting of organic solvents, a second silicone oil, and surfactants. The film forming wax material is one of carnauba wax, montan wax, candelilla wax, ceresin wax, paraffin waxes, or beeswax. The silicone rubber forming the particles is one of addition reaction curable silicone rubber compositions, condensation reaction curable silicone rubber compositions, organic peroxide curable organopolysiloxane compositions, or high energy curable silicone rubber compositions.

Abstract: A method for processing aqueous fermentation broths in a bioreactor vessel, in which a foam inhibitor is added to the fermentation broth in the bioreactor vessel in order to prevent the accumulation and buildup of foam in the bioreactor vessel caused by oxygen sparging of the fermentation broth contained therein. The aqueous fermentation broth processed in the bioreactor vessel is conveyed as a feed solution to an ultrafiltration system including a membrane for concentrating the aqueous fermentation broth. The ultrafiltration system is typically located downstream of the bioreactor vessel. The improvement involves reducing the amount of fouling of the membrane in the ultrafiltration system by adding to the aqueous fermentation broth in the bioreactor vessel as the foam inhibitor, an antifoam which is an oil based liquid in the form of droplets, the droplets of the oil based liquid antifoam being dispersed, encased, entrapped, and imbedded, within solid particles of a water soluble encapsulating material.

Abstract: A method of enhancing the durability of an emollient material on a substrate by forming a mixture of an emollient material and an effective amount of an organosilicon compound, and applying the mixture to the substrate to be treated. The organosilicon compound is either an aminofunctional, amidofunctional, or carboxyfunctional, polysiloxane. A skin conditioning composition of enhanced durability is also disclosed which is a mixture of an emollient material and an effective amount of an organosilicon compound which is either an aminofunctional, amidofunctional, or carboxy functional, polysiloxane.

Abstract: A method of enchancing the cleanability and facilitating the removal of algae and other microorganisms from surfaces prone to biofouling by immobilizing on said surfaces and bonding thereto a coating of organosilanes, forming on the coated surfaces a layer of dead cells of the algae and other microorganisms, utilizing the layer of dead cells and inherent release characteristics of silicone surface as a release medium to facilitate removal of succeeding layers of algae and other microorganisms that accumulate thereon, and cleaning the surfaces by dislodging the accumulated layers from the release medium layer.

Abstract: A polish formulation containing as components thereof at least one member selected from the group consisting of waxes, solvents, surfactants, thickening agents, abrasives, dyes, odorants, and other ingredients normally used in making polishes. The improvement resides in incorporating into the polish formulation at least one wax in the form of micronized particles.

Abstract: An emulsion and a mixture including water, at least one surfactant, and a polymethylalkylsiloxane. The polymethylalkylsiloxane has the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a methyl radical, a is an integer from one to about three thousand, and b is an integer from one to about ten. Also disclosed is a method of rendering a surface repellent to water by treating the surface with an effective amount of the foregoing emulsion. The surface being treated is an organic surface, and can be a rubber surface such as wires, cables, the sidewall of a pneumatic tire, footwear, molded goods, and coated fabrics. The surface can also be a vinyl surface such as flooring, shower curtains, rain coats, automative seat upholstery, residential siding, and piping.

Abstract: A method and device for dispensing an aqueous fluid which is desired to be maintained in a sterile condition. The method includes storing a quantity of aqueous fluid such as ophthalmic saline solution in a reservoir within a portable container having an outlet. A porous filter medium is arranged within the container adjacent the outlet, and the aqueous ophthalmic fluid is caused to pass from the reservoir through the porous medium and to the outlet. The porous medium has covalently bonded thereto an antimicrobially effective amount of an organosilicon quaternary ammonium compound which is an organosilane. The organosilane can also be bonded to the inner and outer surfaces of the portable container.

Abstract: A polish formulation containing as components at least one member selected from the group consisting of waxes, solvents, surfactants, thickening agents, abrasives, dyes, odorants, and other ingredients normally used in making polishes, and as an improvement incorporating a composition which is the reaction product of an acid anhydride and an aminofunctional siloxane. The resulting zwitterionic aminofunctional siloxane can, if desired, be further reacted with a strong acid to provide an equilibrium of the zwitterion and a conjugate acid base pair of the zwitterion and the acid. The invention also includes a method of sheeting water on a surface with the polish, a method of making an aminofunctional siloxane zwitterionomer, and an aminofunctional zwitterionomeric siloxane compound which is the reaction product.

Abstract: Physiologically active substances are immobilized on an inorganic support, by treating the inorganic support with an aminoalkylakoxysilane having the general formula(RO).sub.3 SiCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NH(CH.sub.2).sub.n NH.sub.2wherein, R is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and n is an integer having a value of 5 to 12, and chemically bonding a physiologically active substance by means of an amino group to the support.

Abstract: An antimicrobial superabsorbent composition of a cross-linked hydrophilic sodium salt form of a partially neutralized acrylic acid-based polymer gel having covalently bonded thereto a silane. The composition can be in the form of flakes, strips, powders, filaments, fibers, or films, and may be applied to a substrate in the form of a coating.

Abstract: A fabric softener including a silicon compound having the formula[(R.sub.3 SiO).sub.2 --SiR--(CH.sub.2).sub.a ].sub.b N.sup.+ R'.sub.4-b X.sup.-wherein R is an alkyl radical having one to six carbon atoms; R' is an alkyl or aryl radical having one to eighteen carbon atoms; X is chloride, bromide, iodide, nitrate, or RSO.sub.4.sup.- ; a is an integer having a value from one to ten; and b is an integer having a value of two or three.

Abstract: An antimicrobial superabsorbent composition of a cross-linked hydrophilic sodium salt form of a partially neutralized acrylic acid-based polymer gel having covalently bonded thereto a silane. The composition can be in the form of flakes, strips, powders, filaments, fibers, or films, and may be applied to a substrate in the form of a coating.

Abstract: A quality assurance test method utilizing a fluorescent compound formed by reacting at least one aminofunctional organosilicon compound with at least one optical brightener having the formula ##STR1## and wherein R denotes anilino, sulfanilic, acid, metanilic acid, or anilin-2,5-disulfonic acid, and R' is methoxy, methylamino, N-methyl-N-hydroxyethylamino, bis(hydroxyethyl)amino, morpholino, anilino, or diethylamino.The organosilicon fluorescent compound is coated on the substrate and the substrate is placed under an ultraviolet light to check the extensiveness of the coating.

Abstract: A dispersible silicone antifoam composition for providing controlled foaming liquid laundry detergent formulations and wherein there is provided a non-aqueous emulsion of primary and secondary silicone antifoam agents, at least one nonionic silicone surfactant for emulsifying the primary and secondary antifoam agents in a solvent, a first organic surfactant dispersing agent for assisting in dispersing the emulsified primary and secondary antifoam agents in the liquid laundry detergent, and a second dispersing agent of a nonionic difunctional block-copolymer terminating in primary hydroxyl groups for further assisting in dispersing the emulsified primary and secondary anitfoam agents in the liquid laundry detergent.

Abstract: A dispersible silicone antifoam composition for providing controlled foaming laundry detergent formulations effective in both the wash and the rinse cycles of a washing machine. The antifoam includes a non-aqueous emulsion of primary and secondary silicone antifoam agents, at least one nonionic silicone surfactant for emulsifying the primary and secondary antifoam agents in a solvent, a first organic surfactant dispersing agent for assisting in dispersing the emulsified primary and secondary antifoam agents in the laundry detergent, and a second dispersing agent of a nonionic difunctional block-copolymer terminating in primary hydroxyl groups for further assisting in dispersing the emulsified primary and secondary antifoam agents in the laundry detergent.