Abstract: Novel aqueous thickener or thixotropic polymers are prepared by the copolymerization of (A) about 15-60 weight percent of a C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer, preferably acrylic or methacrylic acid or a mixture thereof with itaconic or fumaric acid, (B) about 15-80 weight percent of a nonionic copolymerizable C.sub.2 -C.sub.12 alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated monomer, preferably a monovinyl ester such as ethyl acrylate or a mixture thereof with styrene, acrylonitrile, vinyl chloride or vinyl acetate, and (C) about 1-30 weight percent of a new and novel nonionic ethylenically unsaturated nonionic biphillic monomer such as tristyrylpoly(ethyleneoxy).sub.x methyl acrylate, to provide a stable aqueous colloidal dispersion at an acid pH lower than about 5.0 but becoming an effective thickener for aqueous systems upon adjustment to a pH of about 5.5-10.5 or higher. These polymers adjusted to a pH of about 5.

Abstract: This invention relates to activated charcoal granule compositions which can be dry spread and "watered-in" to a site to reduce undesirable biological activity of deleterious organic compounds. When wet, these granules disperse very rapidly with a large dispersion area to original granule diameter ratio. The granules have high loadings of charcoal, i.e., from about 60 to about 95 weight percent and contain from about 5 to about 40 weight percent of a surfactant system which exhibits excellent dispersing; rewetting; and binding properties.

Abstract: Imadazoline-based amphoacetates of higher purity, containing essentially negligible amounts of unalkylated amido amines, lower amounts of glycolic acid salts and monochloroacetate salts, superior to currently available conventional amphoacetates, are provided. This is demonstrated by their improved surface-active properties. Lower inherent irritation properties may be expected due to improved purity. The higher purity amphoacetates can be obtained via processes utilizing precise pH control during the reaction of imidazoline, or its open-chain derivatives, with alkylating agents, e.g. sodium monochloroacetate. The pH can be controlled by adding the base slowly or automatically in response to a pH metering device to maintain a constant pH, or by a series of staged additions which are calculated to maintain pH within a stated range. The reaction may also be carried out by conducting the initial hydrolysis of the imidazoline ring structure, followed by alkylation.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of activated charcoal granule compositions which, when dry spread and "watered-in" to a site, reduces undesirable biological activity of deleterious organic compounds. When wet, these granules disperse very rapidly with a large dispersion area to original granule diameter ratio. The granules have high loadings of charcoal, i.e., from about 60 to about 95 weight percent and contain from about 5 to about 40 weight percent of a surfactant system which exhibits excellent dispersing; rewetting; and binding properties.

Abstract: Stable, concentrated nonaqueous suspensions of water-soluble solids are prepared by using water-miscible organic liquid carriers, preferably lower alkadiols in conjunction with a specific three component surfactant system, i.e., a system comprising a nonionic polymeric viscosity improver surfactant; an anionic surfactant; and a nonionic surfactant having a bulky hydrophobic substituent group.

Abstract: Aerial spray or discharge drift is controlled in aqueous compositions via the use of selected non-visco-elastic amounts of guar, one or more derivatives of guar, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: Novel cold pearlizing concentrates provide pearlescent personal hair and skin compositions such as shampoos and beauty soaps with added luster and sheen.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to a method for extracting lignosulfonate for the manufacture of vanillin and other specialty chemicals. Specifically, the invention relates to a method for recovering lignosulfonates from newsprint comprising the steps of:a) converting newsprint to a crumb pulp comprising of from about 20% to about 50% crumb pulp fiber solids by weight on an oven dry basis and the remainder water;b) cooking the crumb pulp in a medium comprising crumb pulp and cooking acid solution selected from the group consisting of sodium bisulfite, magnesium bisulfite, ammonium bisulfite, calcium bisulfite or mixtures thereof wherein the weight ratio of cooking acid solution to the crumb pulp fiber is from about 3 to about 6 for sufficient time and sufficient temperature and pressure for lignosulfonate removal;c) separating the crumb pulp fiber from the spent sulfite liquor; andd) recovering the lignosulfonates from the spent sulfite liquor.

Abstract: A method for enhancing solid, nonionic surfactant aqueous dissolution rates by spray-coating from about 1 to less than 70 weight percent of diammonium sulfate with the surfactants and the compositions produced thereby.

Abstract: Novel ultra-mild cold pearlizing concentrates provide pearlescent personal hair and skin compositions such as shampoos and beauty soaps with added luster and sheen.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing a unique phosphation reagent and to a simple, single-stage process utilizing this reagent to produce alkyl phosphate esters having high monoalkyl phosphate content in combination with low dialkyl phosphate, trialkyl phosphate, phosphoric acid and residual alcohol.

Abstract: Aerial spray or discharge drift is controlled in aqueous compositions via the use of selected non-visco-elastic amounts of guar, one or more derivatives of guar or combinations thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a simple, single-stage process to produce alkyl phosphate esters having high monoalkyl phosphate content in combination with low dialkyl phosphate, trialkyl phosphate, phosphoric acid and other nonionic (usually residual alcohol) components in which a unique phosphation reagent having a preferred effective equivalent polyphosphoric acid concentration of 121-123% is produced and utilized in-situ.

Abstract: Uniform, free-flowing, non-friable P.sub.2 S.sub.5 granules having a predetermined reactivity can be produced by accretion by spraying molten P.sub.2 S.sub.5 Sonto cascading, smaller solid particles of P.sub.2 S.sub.5. The process can be used to produce any reactivity grade of P.sub.2 S.sub.5 by adjusting processing conditions. The process can also be used to produce P.sub.2 S.sub.5 in a form suitable for bulk shipping.

Abstract: Uniform, free-flowing, non-friable P.sub.2 S.sub.5 granules having a predetermined reactivity can be produced by accretion by spraying molten P.sub.2 S.sub.5 onto cascading, smaller solid particles of P.sub.2 S.sub.5. The process can be used to produce any reactivity grade of P.sub.2 S.sub.5 by adjusting processing conditions. The process can also be used to produce P.sub.2 S.sub.5 in a form suitable for bulk shipping.

Abstract: A textile sizing composition comprising one or more aqueous-based dispersions containing between about 15 and about 50 percent by weight solids wherein said solids comprise one or more polymers derived from one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers, said solids having an average particle size of less than 100 nanometers is disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to first stage phosphation processes which utilize a unique phosphation reagent that esterifies ethoxylated alcohols under mild reaction conditions, thus realizing reduced initial 1,4-dioxane production followed by formation of a dioxane-water azeotrope and the vacuum stripping at above about 100 torr of the azeotrope. This easily achieves product 1,4-dioxane levels below about 15 ppm based on the total ester weight.

Abstract: A siloxane-based lubricant composition contains a mixture of nonreactive and reactive polydimethylsiloxanes, crosslinker and sufficient amounts of surfactant and water to provide an emulsion. The composition contains no methyl hydrogen silane, dimethyl hydrogen silane and/or polymethyl hydrogen siloxane and therefore releases no hydrogen gas during storage or during use.

Abstract: A composite milk product is prepared by mixing into the semi-solid or solid milk product particles of a gel having a solids content of 2 to 14% and containing a major amount of xanthan and locust bean gums prepared to simulate the texture of gelatin.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for the extraction of lipase from mammalian tissue with which it is associated which involves contacting the tissue with an alkaline, aqueous medium having a pH of from greater than 7.0 up to a level at which the alkalinity will deactivate the lipase.