Abstract: To reduce show through, particularly for color pigments, a particulate negative metal oxide. Specifically in an anionic ink, tin oxide of primary particle size in the range of about 10 to 30 nm, is incorporated in inkjet inks in amount of less than 2 percent by weight of the total weight of the ink.

Abstract: A pipetting device for use with a pipette tip containing a solid phase reaction support, comprising a cylinder, a plunger movable within the cylinder between a retracted and an extended position, and a seal disposed between the plunger and cylinder for holding the plunger as it moves. The plunger has a central passageway within an upper portion of the plunger communicating with a side egress port on the plunger, the plunger movable between a retracted position, for aspirating and dispensing liquid reagent wherein the port remains above the seal, and an inserted position wherein the port is positioned below the seal for allowing fluid (e.g., washing solution or inert gas) to be introduced into the cylinder and tip. In an apparatus and method, an array of such devices is used, each fitted with a pipette tip having a solid support retained therein, for performing high-throughput and parallel chemical synthesis of biopolymers (e.g., oligonucleotides or peptides).

Abstract: An apparatus for holding articles, such as writing instruments, in cooperation with a surface, such as a book cover, comprising a flat support member, a clamp element and an article retaining portion. The article retaining portion is comprised of a strip of resilient material bent into a serpentine profile and includes in succession along its length a first bend portion transverse to the support member, a proximal bend portion, a first arcuate bend portion, a distal band portion, and a second arcuate bend portion. The first and second arcuate bend portions define article retaining channels and the facing internal surfaces of the proximal and distal bend portions cooperate to form another space for holding articles. An optional bookmarker is suspended from the article retaining portion in an orientation suitable for insertion between the pages of a book.

Abstract: Transfer printing from pad (9) is made in a pattern of resist (15) which covers a via (3) on a circuit board (1) metalized with a continuous copper layer (7). After transfer of resist material (14) to the pad, the pattern on the pad is hardened enough to be self-supporting by applying moderate radiation or allowing solvent to escape from the resist on the pad. The resist is transferred from the pad to the circuit board (1) and is then fully hardened, and the circuit board is immersed in etchant to remove unprotected copper (7). Copper in the covered vias is protected and therefore separate metalizations of vias is avoided. Since pad printing is particularly useful in general with three dimensional circuit boards, the use of pad printing to avoid separate metalization of vias is economic since it involves little additional to the general use.