Abstract: The capacitance of a pixel of an active matrix liquid crystal light valve is increased without reducing its optical transparency by adding polysilicon islands under the adjacent gate lines, degeneratively doping the islands to render them conductive under operating conditions, thermally oxidizing the islands to form dielectric layers, depositing gate lines over the dielectric layers to form extra capacitors, and connecting the islands to the adjacent pixel electrodes. Such active matrix displays are advantageously employed in a color projection TV to produce the separate red, blue and green components of a full color display.

Abstract: The effective image surface area can be increased by insulating, for example by means of an additional layer of an insulating material, electrodes and conductive parts of a black matrix relative to each other at the location of the edge of a patterned top coat of a display device.

Abstract: In a flat panel display or other large-area electronics device, each cell of a matrix comprises a thin-film switching transistor (T1) connected between a respective column conductor (CC) and a respective cell electrode (C.sub.LC). Row conductors (RR) of the matrix comprise a conductive film pattern (14) on an insulating film pattern (13) on a semiconductor film pattern (12); portions (11a) of the semiconductor film pattern (11) provide channel regions of the switching transistors (T1), while portions (14a) of the conductive film pattern provide gate electrodes of the switching transistors (T1) connected to the respective row conductor (RR; 14b). Each cell also has a storage capacitor (C.sub.s) formed with the row conductor (RR(n-1); 14b) of a neighbouring cell by a lower conductive film part (11c) present under the insulating and semiconductor film patterns (13 and 12) of the row conductor (RR(n-1); 14b) of the neighbouring cell.

Abstract: Display device having such electrically conducting patterns in the supply electrodes (4, 5) that flashover easily occurs between the supply electrodes (for example, pointed projections (3, 15). Damage of switching elements (12, 23) due to electrostatic charge is thereby prevented.

Abstract: A focusing waveform (Vf) is obtained by first generating (2) two intersecting triangular waveforms of opposite phase and half the deflection frequency. Subsequently, the difference between these two triangular waveforms is multiplied by itself for generating a second-order parabolic waveform at the deflection frequency, at which the parabolic waveform has a lower side which is located at zero and is not disturbed by DC offsets. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, which is eminently suitable for multimedia applications, the focusing waveform has the correct form and amplitude, independent of the deflection frequency.

Abstract: Magnetic head having a head face (1) and comprising a multilayer structure with a flux guide (7a, 7b), a magnetoresistive sensor (9) and an intermediate layer (13) present between the flux guide and said sensor. The intermediate layer comprises an anti-ferromagnetic oxide which insulates the sensor from the flux guide and also magnetically biases the sensor.

Abstract: A process for fabricating the channel substrate of a plasma-addressed electro-optic display device comprising a layer of electro-optic material, data electrodes coupled to the electro-optic layer and adapted to receive data voltages for activating portions of the electro-optic layer, and a plurality of plasma channels extending generally transverse to the data electrodes for selectively switching on said electro-optic portions and closed off by a thin dielectric sheet, typically a thin glass sheet. The channel substrate is fabricated using anodic bonding to attach the thin glass sheet to an etched or walled preferably glass substrate containing the channels. This reduces stresses in the thin glass sheet. Reduced stress allows post processing of the thin sheet, particularly further etching to reduce its thickness.

Abstract: A display device comprising a display tube having a display screen with a pattern of phosphor elements. To reduce mislandings of electron beams, the display tube is accommodated within an external magnetic shield which is formed by one or more individual frames composed of bars of a magnetizable material and one or more excitable coils. The coils may be arranged, for example, alongside the frames.

Abstract: A matrix display system, comprising a display panel (10) having a row and column array of light modulating picture elements (12), for example liquid crystal picture elements, and panel illuminating means (19), is operated by driving the rows of picture elements such that the display information of successive fields of an applied video signal is written into the panel in respective panel display information address periods that are substantially less than the applied video signal field period and separated by a time interval, and such that successive periods in which display fields are presented to a viewer are separated by intervals in which substantially no display output is produced. The resulting dark intervals lead to an improvement in perceived resolution of moving images. The illumination means can be controlled so as to produce a display output during at least a part of the interval and substantially no display output during at least a part of the address period.

Abstract: Thin layers of semiconductor material having a high degree of surface uniformity are produced by: implantion of deuterium ions into a body of semiconductor material to form a buried region of high stress, the buried region defining a thin outer region of the body; attaching a stiffening carrier to the thin outer region of the semiconductor body; and heating the body at 350-450 degrees C. to separate the thin outer region. The separated layer is useful in the production of silicon-on-insulator semiconductor devices, and silicon-on-glass devices for liquid crystal display and microwave applications.

Abstract: In liquid crystal display devices based on smectic LC material having a high polarization (Deformed Helix FLC, twisted FLC, monostable FLC, electroclinic smectic A LC and antiferroelectric LC), the memory effect in, for example, monitor or video applications is eliminated by presenting compensation voltages in matrix displays based on MIMs, TFTs or diodes, dependent on the data in a previous frame, so that the polarization within a cell always switches to the correct value.

Abstract: A description is given of a switching device (1) comprising a transparent substrate (3), a switching film (5) including hydrides of gadolinium or other trivalent metal, and magnesium, covered with a palladium layer (7). By exchange of hydrogen, the switching film can be reversibly switched from a transparent state to a mirror-like state with zero transmission via an intermediate black absorbing state. The conversion between both states is reversible, and this phenomenon can be used, for example, in an optical switching element or sun roof.

Abstract: The bulls-eye effect produced in the projected image by projection television cathode ray display tubes with convexly curved faceplates and multi-layer interference filters is compensated by using darkened or tinted glass. Since the faceplate glass is thicker in the center, more attenuation of the light output occurs there than at the edges of the display window where the glass is thinner, resulting in improved luminance uniformity of the display.

Abstract: To improve performance, reliability and lifetime of a plasma-containing electro-optic display device, at least the cathode electrodes have hollows or wells within which plasma discharge occurs. This reduces the tendency of the electrode material to be sputter deposited on the walls of the device. In addition, cathode emission is improved by incorporating emitter materials into the electrodes, either by alloying or by surface coatings.

Abstract: A magnetic head having a head face (5) and a layer structure with a transducing element (E11) and a transducing gap terminating in the head face. At the area of the transducing gap and at both sides of the transducing gap the head face is coated with a layer (31) substantially comprising Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 for forming a contact face (33) for cooperation with a record carrier. The layer substantially comprising Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 having a thickness in the range between 10 and 100 nm is preferably provided by reactive RF sputtering.

Abstract: The thin-type display device (1) has a transparent front wall (3), which is provided with a display screen, and a rear wall (24) which extends parallel to said front wall (3), and said display device comprises at least an electron source and a duct structure. The display device (1) is characterized in that the rear wall (24) and walls (22, 22', 22") of the ducts of the duct structure are manufactured in a single piece. Preferably, the walls (22, 22', 22") of the ducts widen in the direction of the rear wall (24), with the angle, which opposing faces of the walls (22, 22', 22") of the ducts make with each other, ranging from 1.degree. to 30.degree.. Preferably, the rear wall (24) further comprises at least an upright side wall (32), which is integral with the rear wall (24). Preferably, the walls (22, 22', 22") are made from a glass having a temperature interval between the operating temperature and the softening temperature of less than 420.degree., perferably less than 360.degree.

Abstract: A device having a switch comprises a chromium layer and an adjacent semiconductor layer. The fraction of voids in the chromium layer is less than 10%, preferably less than 2%. The chromium layer in the device comprises traces of neon with a concentration of less than 0.1 at. %. Chromium layers are deposited on a substrate by means of a sputter deposition process. By using neon as the working gas at pressures of less than 1 Pa, preferably in the range from 0.2 Pa to 0.5 Pa, the sputter-deposited chromium layers are substantially free of internal stress and have a density which is approximately equal to that of bulk chromium.

Abstract: Nematic liquid crystal display device, in which the isocontrast curve has obtained a more symmetrical shape by combining two and four sub-pixels with twist angles which are smaller than 90 degrees, at which the sub-pixels are obtained by providing different orientation directions (11) in an orienting layer (8) by means of linearly polarized light. If a cholesteric nematic liquid crystal material is used, a sub-pixel may have a twist angle of more than 90 degrees, while pairs of sub-pixels then have twist angles of opposite twist sense, at which the sum of the absolute values of the twist angles is smaller than 180 degrees.

Abstract: In the manufacture of a color-display device comprising color-filter layers, phosphor haze may occur. Said phosphor haze adversely affects the picture quality. Phosphor haze can be reduced substantially, or precluded, by providing one, and only one, of the color-filter layers by means of a negative lithography process and, subsequently, providing the phosphor corresponding to this color-filter layer before the other phosphor layers.

Abstract: Method of manufacturing a coating on a display screen and a display device comprising a display screen having a coating.The display screen 3 of a cathode ray tube 1 is provided with an antistatic coating 8 which comprises conductive, for example ATO (Sb:SnO.sub.2) particles. The coating comprises at least one additional layer (10) of silicon dioxide to obtain an antireflective effect.