Abstract: Apparatus and method are disclosed for use in replicating information from a master record carrier, such as a videodisc, onto a replicate material in web form. In a preferred embodiment, the disclosed replication apparatus comprises supply, exposure and takeup chambers. A web cleaning device in the supply chamber cleans the replicate material of foreign particles. In the exposure chamber, the replicate material and a master record carrier are brought into close contact in order to make a contact print exposure. The exposed replicate material is stored in the takeup chamber.

Abstract: Improved electrographic development apparatus and procedure for use with partially-conductive developer employs transport of the developer through a first development zone in a direction generally countercurrent to a moving image member and through a second development zone in a direction generally cocurrent to the moving image member. The extent of image development within each such zone is controlled by the rate of developer transport and/or the magnitude of developer bias, so that overall development of the different portions of large solid image areas (particularly leading and trailing portions of such areas) is equalized.

Abstract: Personal identification documents are fabricated by liquid developing an electrostatic image on a photoconductive insulating member to form a high resolution toner image which includes a visually verifiable feature of the authorized document holder and thermally transferring such image from the photoconductor to a core substrate having general authenticating data or to a cover sheet which is subsequently laminated to such a core substrate.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for minimizing a red-dot artifact in the eye of a flash photograph subject employs a subject conditioning pre-flash, predeterminedly preceding the camera picture-taking operation, to reduce the pupil size prior to exposure flash and shutter actuation.

Abstract: Camera-processor apparatus of the type adapted to record and develop a lengthy roll of strip recording medium includes a heat-processing device which is adapted to concurrently heat-develop all images of a multi-image segment of such medium and to concurrently disengage from heating relation with all images of such a segment. A storage device downstream from the apparatus recording station alternately stores and feeds such multi-image segments to the processing device, thus allowing complete and uniform processing of one multi-image segment in a stationary condition while a subsequent multi-image segment is recorded in a moving condition.

Abstract: The duplex copying of two-sided originals onto two sides of a copy sheet is accomplished by interspersing images from two successive documents on a multi-image imaging member, specifically with the front-side image of a second document interspersed between the front and rear-side images of a first document. Copy sheet turnover can thus occur during the transfer of the front-side of the second document to achieve an increased "copy-output-rate to electrographic-procedure-speed" ratio.

Abstract: An electrographic development apparatus, particularly suited for single component developer, provides an electrographic imaging member mounted in a tensioned condition along the apparatus path in a manner causing a substantial normal force between that member and the opposing portion of a developer applicator. Drive transmission structure of the applicator and the image member maintains nominal member spacing and minimizes relative movement of the members to facilitate development under such biased relation.

Abstract: A film gate for image projection apparatus provides improved structure for directing cooling air across the surfaces of supported film. The outlets of the cooling air conduits are located adjacent edges of supported film and configured and oriented to create Coanda effect attachment of their issuing air streams to the film surfaces.

Abstract: Primary charging of a moving electrographic photoconductor to a nominal potential level is achieved with low sensitivity to variation in system parameters, such as photoconductor capacitance, photoconductor velocity and/or charger efficiency. Separately-addressed, AC corona discharge units are arranged and predeterminedly biased to first substantially overcharge the photoconductor relative to the nominal potential and then discharge the photoconductor to exit at the nominal potential level.

Abstract: Color imaging apparatus, for use with a multi-color mixture of photoconductive particles or other color sensitive imaging layers, comprises a plurality of separately-addressable, electro-optical illuminating means which concurrently subject a plurality of picture elements of such imaging layer respectively to different color light pulses in accordance with the color content of the image to be formed.

Abstract: In-place primary charging of an electrophotographic imaging member is effected by a corona discharge device which employs variably-biased AC energization of its discharge electrode. During a charging period the potential level of the image member is detected by a sensor, and the bias level of electrode energizing source is varied from an initial value above the nominal primary charge potential toward the nominal potential in response to signals from the sensor.

Abstract: Electrographic apparatus having an improved developer metering construction provides an elongated coil spring that extends across an applicator member's transport path (from the developer supply to the development zone) to meter and mix applied developer. Spring tension can be adjusted to control developer flow. In certain embodiments the spring provides a source of reference potential for and/or triboelectrically charges the developer and can enhance magnetic mixing of the developer.

Abstract: A subtractive color electrophotographic process is disclosed for producing a multicolor print from a single exposure of a color original. The process utilizes a novel multilayer recording element containing an electrically conducting layer, an insulating layer and two or more photoconductive layers, each spectrally sensitized to a different portion of the optical spectrum. In carrying out the process, the recording element is first uniformly charged and exposed to a color original and then developed by a multistep procedure. Each step of the development procedure comprises flood exposing the recording element to radiation to which at least one of the photoconductive layers is responsive while applying toner particles having a different subtractive color characteristic and an appropriate electrical bias.

Abstract: An image transfer processor includes a processing tray for supporting a donor sheet in treating solution and for aligning the sheet transversly on a feed path. A surface overlying the processing tray supports and aligns a receiver sheet in transverse registry with the donor sheet. A pressure roller is located adjacent the ends of the processing tray and support surface and a pusher member longitudinally registers the donor and receiver sheets and moves the sheets into the pressure roller.

Abstract: Light-control devices of the type having field-orientable, light-control elements supported in a solid elastomeric matrix are constructed in a manner providing improved uniformity in light-control and, in image display uses, improved resolution and contrast. Features of the improved construction include predetermined physical characteristics such as size, shape and/or location of the light-control elements within the matrix. Various methods for achieving such constructions include the steps of forming the desired array of elements and disposing the array in the matrix with relative positions of the elements maintained.

Abstract: Loose toner particles carried by a flexible support are fused thereto by cylindrically curling the support about the longitudinal axis of a flashlamp, and momentarily energizing the flashlamp while the toner-bearing support is curled thereabout. A transport mechanism, adapted for use in a high-speed recording apparatus, advances a toner-bearing sheet along a circular path such that the toner-bearing surface of the sheet is untouched and continuously faces toward the center of curvature of the path.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, video information is recorded on a video disc at a high packing density using a disproportionately large record spot. According to a presently preferred embodiment, a recordable video disc has a surface sensitive to recording only along a narrow spiral track, which spiral track is followed during recording by a tracking device to compensate for tracking errors arising from disc eccentricity, wobble, and optical system vibration, while limiting the cross-track dimension of recorded video information to allow a higher cross-track packing density.

Abstract: Electronically controlled imaging with a multicolor mixture of photoconductive particles is effected in a single exposure cycle by provision of an addressable electrode array which is energized selectively in imagewise timed relation. The control device for the imaging system has a plurality of sensing elements for measuring the color density values of successive lines of an original to be reproduced and producing a signal in response to the density measurement to regulate the length of time that the electrode array is energized.

Abstract: A development roller comprising an electrically-conductive core and an electrically-insulative surface layer is biased to retain a monolayer of conductive toner on the surface, and moved into transfer relation with an electrostatic image bearing member to develop the image. The potential level of the toner can be controlled in conjunction with the roller bias to eliminate background or effect image reversal development.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for imagewise controlling the flow of ions from a source toward an electrostatic image-bearing member utilize a predeterminedly electrically-biased slit means located between the ion source and the member. A portion of the slit means is maintained at a potential intermediate the image and background portions of the electrostatic image and so that ion flow toward the member is controlled in accordance with the image thereon. A substantially neutrally-charged mist is introduced between the slit means and the image-bearing member and charged and attracted to the member in accordance with the image.