Abstract: New aza azetidinium sulfate compounds are described which can be intermediates in the preparation of azabicyclobutane.

Abstract: The invention is a process for the modification or substitution of aza suituted azetidines through acylative dealkylation.

Abstract: Processes and compositions for nitration of N-substituted isowurtzitane compounds with concentrated nitric acid at elevated temperatures to form HNIW and recovery of gamma HNIW with high yields and purities. Polymorphic conversion of HNIW crystals to epsilon HNIW crystals is also disclosed.

Abstract: TNAZ can be prepared directly from N-tertiarybutyl-3,3-dinitroazetidine compounds. The compounds may be in the form of the tertiary amine or the quaternary amine. The reaction is in the presence of acetic anhydride and nitrate ions. It gives high yields and uses mild conditions.

Abstract: Azabicylobutane can be produced by reacting azetidines under aqueous conditions to eliminate aza and 3-position substituents to effect cyclization. New azetidinyl compounds are described which can be intermediates in the preparation of the azabicyclobutane.

Abstract: ADNAZ, N-acetyl, 3,3 dinitroazetidine, is a new compound and this invention provides the compound, its compositions, preparation and uses. As a compound, it forms a eutectic with TNAZ. It can be used to prepare other compounds. It can be readily nitrated to remove the acetyl group and form TNAZ.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for detecting a leak by mixing an amount of odorant ith the contents of a sealed container. An amount of odorant having a detectable odor is mixed with the contents of a sealed container. The sealed container with the odorant is placed within a detection zone which is monitored to detect the presence of the odorant which would indicate leakage of the container's contents. The detection zone defines an area within which leakage of the contents will produce a detectable quantity of the odorant. The odorant may be a gas. Preferred odorants are selected from the group consisting of sulfides, cyclic sulfides and mercaptans. In a sealed light source device having radioactive tritium gas, the preferred odorant is hydrogen sulfide which is detectable by individuals in concentrations of at least 5 parts-per-billion (ppb). Individuals, which may be part of a scheduled roving sentry or a patrol, monitor for the presence of the odorant in the detection zone.

Abstract: Disclosed is a flow-softening tungsten alloy having the general formula:W.sub.100-p T.sub.x M.sub.y B.sub.zwherein W is tungsten; T is one or more elements selected from the group sisting of titanium, zirconium and hafnium; M is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of molybdenum, tantalum. iron, cobalt, nickel,manganese and vanadium; B is one or more of the elements selected from the group consisting of boron, carbon, silicon and aluminum; x is from 5 to 30 weight percent; y is from 1 to 10 weight percent; z is from 0 to 2 weight percent; and p is equal to or less than 30 weight percent. In this alloy p is approximately equal to the sum of x, y and z. A method of preparing this alloy and a kinetic energy penetrator manufactured from it are also disclosed.

Abstract: A high energy propellant comprising 1,3,3-Trinitroazetidine or TNAZ, admi with up to about five percent of cellulose acetate butyrate or CAB by adding the CAB at a temperature slightly above the melting point of the TNAZ. A preferred amount of CAB is from about one percent to about three percent by weight of CAB, based on the weight of TNAZ. When the mixture is melt cast, the crystal structure is finer or smaller than that of pure explosive, producing increased mechanical strength and better resistance to impact. Inclusion of a thermoplastic binder is also contemplated to improve the mechanical integrity of the explosive. Preferred binders are BAMO/AMMO, HYTREL and ESTANE. The formulation permitted inclusion of small quantities of other high explosives because a uniform dispersion was obtained. Preferred high explosive are S-TNT, S-TNB, RDX, HMX and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A method of identifying pathogens, comprising the steps of forming a micrhere having a fluorescent compound attached thereto as a solid matrix for the fluorescent compound. A single strand of DNA is immobilized on the matrix to form a probe, and prior to that a short complementary central piece is formed with a fluorescent compound labelled on one end thereof which joins the central piece to the probe. The two strands bind to form a microsphere/probe complex which is subjected to contact with a complementary strand of an unknown sample to displace the centrally attached probe appendage to provide an increase in fluorescent signal indicative of the emission maxima of the dye in the microsphere to verify the similarity of the unknown sample with known members of the complex.

Abstract: A multi-layer propellant and a method for making the same is provided, in ich the propellant has at least one slow burning formulation and at least one fast burning formulation, such that the ratio of these burning rates is at least 2:1. The propellant produces an impetus of at least 1300 Joules/gm. The preferred binder is a high energy oxetane thermoplastic elastomer. The preferred slow burning formulation employs RDX, while the preferred fast burning formulation employs CL-20. The two formulations are formed separately, such as in layers that are then fused, using the bonding strength of the binder. The shape may be any shape that is useful in munitions and may include one or many layers of each burning rate. Preferred shapes include a multi-layered propellant with one slow burning formulation on top and a bottom layer of the fast burning formulation. The layers may be formed from ribbons, discs, cones, truncated cones and partial spheres.

Abstract: An ignition tube for use with electrothermal chemical combustion ignition projectiles in guns, comprising a tube positionable in a combustion chamber for receiving plasma ignition from a plasma chamber. The tube is formed from high density polyethylene or other materials adapted to release plasma upon contact by plasma ignition electrical energy or pulses. The tube is specifically designed to provide an increasing exit area from the proximal end of the tube toward the distal so as to act upon the longitudinally attenuated plasma, thereby substantially decreasing the amplitude of any reflected shock in the plasma stream. The exit area comprises a plurality of radially extending orifices or holes that have a decreased angle of inclination to the longitudinal axis from proximal end to distal end, such that the orifices form a spiral pattern on the circumference of the tube. This pattern provides a uniform action of plasma on the propellant over the entire length of the ignition tube.

Abstract: Rapidly deployable restraining systems and methods for rendering personnel, nimals and other objects immobile includes an assembly of confinement devices housed in a dispersion package. Each confinement device has a propellent, a primer and an inflatable bag that is rapidly inflated by the propellent when fired by the primer. A detonator, located in the package, is discharged to open the package, disperse the confinement devices and cause the primers to be energized, thereby inflating the bags. The package is pre-emplaced in a target area or it is projected into the area via a fired projectile of which it is a part.

Abstract: The disclosure is of apparatus for determining the transformation characteristics of a metal alloy by treating the alloy to render it austenitic and then monitoring the isothermal decomposition of the austenite by measuring the magnetic change in the alloy.

Abstract: New N-nitro, 3 substituted azetidine compounds are disclosed and these are sed in processes to prepare TNAZ.

Abstract: A sampling system with a remotely operable, in-line sampler with continuous low of sample flush water is described. The device is used in the production of friction sensitive liquid nitrate esters, particularly nitroglycerin and diethylene glycol dinitrate.

Abstract: The invention is an insensitive energetic composition that is an explosive and the related articles and systems. The composition has HMX or RDX as an energetic filler, a nonenergetic binder and an energetic plasticizer. The plasticizer is a nitrato-nitramine or a liquid nitrate ester. This provides a matrix with a glass transition temperature below minus 45 degrees Centigrade. In another variation, the composition can also include aluminum powder. Generally, the materials have particularly strong blast effects.

Abstract: The diffusion through a membrane assaying apparatus and method facilitates rapid detection of small or larger molecular weight substances such as hazardous wastes, toxic chemicals or the like by using a semipermeable membrane having a predetermined molecular weight cutoff. The semipermeable membrane is provided as part of a container having a removable barrier which facilitates control of diffusion through the membrane. The assaying method includes the use of a reaction mechanism for detection of a predetermined substance. The reaction mechanism includes one or more reagents which are designed to either react or compete for a substance for which assaying is being performed. By selecting the proper reagents and molecular weight cutoff of the semipermeable membrane, the presence or absence of a reaction such as a color change or production of vapor provides indication whether the substance being assayed for is present in the test sample.

Abstract: A cast explosive composite of a nitramine which has been precoated, and T The nitramine can be, for example, cyclotrimethylene trinitramine (RDX) or cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (HMX). The precoating can be a TNT-insoluble wax or an anti-exuding material, such as one of cellulose acetate propionate and epoxy liquids. Methods for improving the safety of a cast explosive composite and for improving the relative reaction rate of such a composite are also shown.

Abstract: The explosive blasting composition in this invention contains 1 to 40 pert Aluminum powder, 40 to 80 percent Cyclotetramethylene Tetranitramine, 4 to 15 percent Cellulose Acetate Butyrate, 5 to 20 percent of 1:1 mixture of bis 2,2-dinitropropyl acetate and bis 2,2-dinitropropyl formal, and, and 0.25 to 0.75 percent Tri (dioctyl Phosphato) Titanate.The method of making the above composition consists of combining Cyclotetramethylene Tetranitramine, Cellulose Acetate Buterate, 1:1 bis 2,2-dinitropropyl acetate and bis 2,2-dinitropropropyl formal, and tri (dioctyl phosphato) titanate, mixed at an elevated temperature for a period of time. Prior to blowdown, the Aluminum powder is added. to the mix. Mixing continues and blowdown is initiated to remove excess solvents for the purpose of extrusion.