Abstract: A thermal isolation microstructure fabricated by a process which allows the ultra thinning of support legs for the microdetector.

Abstract: A light coupler comprises a light source and a light conductor coupled together by a housing. The housing is permanently deformed to increase light coupling between the light source and the light conductor.

Abstract: A display apparatus for displaying video information received from a plurality of memory devices. Each memory device is organized as 2.sup.x rows by 2.sup.y columns of memory locations and a plurality of bits deep, where x and y are integers. The display apparatus includes a display having a plurality of display devices wherein each display device includes a plurality of pixels. The plurality of pixels of at least one of the display devices is organized as 2.sup.n rows by 2.sup.m columns of pixels as a function of the memory device organization, where n and m are integers. The display apparatus further includes apparatus for receiving the video information from the plurality of memory devices and driving at least a portion of the plurality of pixels of each display device in parallel.

Abstract: A modulating optical element having ports wherein either port can output or receive light signals. An electrooptic effect is applied to the optical element to allow the light signals to pass or not pass through the optical element. Due to the electrooptic effect in preventing signals from passing through the optic element, light signals radiate out of the optical element and are absorbed by the substrate of the optical element assembly. Rather than being lost, the energy from the light signal is converted to current which may be used for other purposes in the modulator system, such as bias stabilization.

Abstract: Measuring devices employing resonant strain gauges, e.g. pressure transducers or accelerometers, are compensated for variation in temperature by employing a secondary resonant microbeam in combination with the primary microbeam of the strain gauge. The secondary microbeam is mounted in cantilever fashion, with one end of the elongate polysilicon beam fixed to a silicon substrate, while the remainder of the beam is free to oscillate relative to the substrate. An oscillating drive voltage is supplied to a drive electrode mounted on the beam and a substantially uniform electrical field is maintained in the region about the beam. The frequency of oscillation is controlled by a piezo resistor formed on the beam and used for detecting instantaneous beam position relative to the substrate. The cantilevered microbeam is free from the effects of residual or induced strain. Therefore, its natural resonant frequency depends upon temperature, as beam modulus of elasticity and density change with temperature.

Abstract: A high performance transport layer checksum calculation unit and method is described for use in computer data communications systems which provides simultaneous general purpose data movement and checksum calculations. Data must be copied from the main memory of a computer in order to be transmitted and often a checksum must be calculated on the data for error detection purposes. The invention involves performing both of these tasks simultaneously thus requiring only one scan of the data memory. The checksum calculation method improves throughput capacity via a unique hardware architecture supporting delayed checksumming of packet segments. A net improvement for packets larger than a certain size is achieved via partial addition during DMA controlled memory access allowing improved average cycle time per data packet segment.

Abstract: A piezoelectric fiber optic phase modulator having a mount at a nodal point of the vibratory system of the modulator. The modulator is excited with an electric field applied in a direction parallel to the axis of the modulator or perpendicular to the radial direction of movement of the modulator. In contrast to the mere hollow cylinder modulator of the related art, the modulator of this invention has a web or center structure integral with the inside surface of the cylinder. The modulator here has a rugged mount, low absorption vibration and negligible harmonics at the mount for efficient and high Q functioning, and has rugged electrical connections for dependable operation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a problem-state monitoring system which includes an automated reasoning technique for providing moment-by-moment advice concerning the operation of a process. The reasoning technique involves the representation of states a problem can attain during the problem solving process which provides greater flexibility for the monitoring and advisory functions.

Abstract: A controller based on a neural network whose output is responsive to input signals that represent user or designer defined control system parameters which may include process parameters, control parameters and/or disturbance parameters. The neural network can be "trained" to mimic an existing controller which may or not receive inputs of control system parameters. The trained neural network controller may have advantages of faster execution and reduced code size. The neural network can also be trained to result in a nonlinear controller that is more powerful than an existing controller.

Abstract: A method of determining thermophysical or thermochemical parameters of a fuel gas is disclosed which has wide application both as to applicable fuels and applicable parameters. A relationship has been discovered that allows the determination of many parameters based on a basic relationship with the characteristic specific heat and thermal conductivity at a reference condition of the fuel gas and the rate of change of these characteristics at the reference conditions.

Abstract: A vertical cavity surface emitting laser source having an integrated power monitor at the non-emitting end of the source.

Abstract: In a optical fiber coil arrangement for use in rotation sensors, for example, errors resulting from axial and/or radial time varying temperature gradients can be minimized or substantially eliminated by employing reverse quadrupoles for the sensor coil. One of the quadrupoles is wound in a + - - + winding configuration. However, the next adjacent quadrupole is wound in a - + + - winding configuration. This reverse quadrupole arrangement substantially eliminates radial time varying temperature gradient dependent errors and reduces axial time varying temperature gradient dependent errors. The axial time varying temperature gradient dependent errors can be substantially eliminated by winding a reverse octupole arrangement. Accordingly, a reverse octupole arrangement is wound with a + - - + - + + - - + + - + - - + winding configuration.

Abstract: A proton exchange polarizer with a spatial filter positioned to reduce cross coupling of unguided radiation. A photoconductor substrate is fabricated from LiNbO.sub.3 or LiTaO.sub.3. The substrate has a spatial filter located at a primary reflection point on a bottom of the substrate so as to block unguided TM mode light from reaching the output of the substrate. The spatial filter is fabricated by physical or chemical methods such as saw cutting, diamond machining, etching, micro-machining, laser-machining and/or damaging the surface of the substrate. The unguided TM mode light is attenuated by blockage or interruption of the transmissive region.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display wherein each pixel has a thin film transistor with a silicon pixel electrode. A doping and recrystallization of the silicon is effected to increase the electrical conductivity and light transmittance of the silicon adequately for the pixel electrode.

Abstract: A noise reducer for reducing the results in the system output signal of optical noise introduced into an optical subsystem therein, having a phase modulator, by a source through obtaining a noise representation signal used to offset the noise components in the signal obtained from the output of the optical subsystem. This noise representation signal is not delayed in the obtaining thereof by any more than half the delays of the waves emitted from the source in reaching the optical subsystem output. The noise reducer may incorporate a device for adjusting the amplitude of the noise representation signal. It may also include another device for adjusting the phase of the noise representation signal, which may be used to affect the amplitude of the noise representation signal. These adjustments can result in an optimization of the noise representation signal so as to better effectively cancel the optical noise signal at the output of the fiber optic gyro having the noise reducer.

Abstract: A field emitter structure with emitter edge comprising of individual comb elements. A resistive film is inserted between the lead-in conductor and the emitter edge and a conductive film is electrically attached to the conductor and capacitively coupled to the emitter.

Abstract: An error reducer for reducing rotation rate errors arising because of an optical Kerr effect occurring in a coiled optical fiber in a rotation sensor. Through amplitude modulating electromagnetic waves propagating in that coil. A signal obtained from the coil based on the amplitude modulation component therein is used in a feedback loop to reduce or eliminate such errors.

Abstract: A thermostat capable of accommodating primary and secondary loads is taught. Preferably a hydronic valve actuator is the primary load and a fan coil of variable speed is the secondary load. Temperature sensing is electronic and both heating and cooling as well as multiple fan modes are accommodated.

Abstract: A HIGFET having a gate pad situated over a non conducting portion of the channel layer of the heterostructure wafer. The method of producing this device involves application of a very thin layer of gate metal on the wafer to protect the wafer surface during further processing. A photoresist coating is formed over the active area of the channel layer of the FET. An ion isolation implantation is applied to the wafer resulting in a non conducting portion of the channel layer that is not covered by the photoresist layer. The photoresist layer is removed and a thick layer of gate metal is applied on the thin layer of gate metal. The gate layers are fashioned into a pad over the non conducting portion of the channel layer and at least one finger over the conducting portion of the channel layer, resulting in the gate having minimized parasitic gate capacitance.

Abstract: A temperature and static pressure compensated differential pressure sensor includes a semiconductor substrate in which a flexible, pressure responsive diaphragm is formed. A pressure responsive resonant microbeam is fabricated at the diaphragm periphery. For temperature compensation, a secondary resonant microbeam sensor is fabricated on the substrate at a peripheral location beyond the point of substrate attachment to a pressure tube or other support. For static pressure compensation, another secondary resonant microbeam can be positioned remote from the diaphragm and at a location of maximum substrate response to static pressure. A further resonant microbeam can be mounted at the diaphragm center to augment the signal due to diaphragm deflections. Also disclosed is an accelerometer including a proof mass, a rigid rim surrounding the proof mass, and a series of narrow, flexible bridges supporting the proof mass relative to the rim.