Abstract: A three (3)-way lamp having a tungsten halogen-cycle inner envelope and an operating circuit for the inner envelope is disclosed. The operating circuit comprises a ballast element and two diodes lodged within the confines of the base of the lamp. The operating circuit allows the inner envelope to provide three different levels of illumination for the lamp while still maintaining the desired operation of the halogen additive within the inner envelope.

Abstract: Incandescent lamps having an outer envelope with their outer surface sandblasted except at the neck section and the inner surface electrostatically coated are disclosed. The combination of the sandblasting and electrostatic coating provides the incandescent lamp with a diffused light output. The absence of sandblasting at the neck section reduces the breakage of the outer envelope at the region of joinder of the outer envelope to the base of the incandescent lamp.

Abstract: A high pressure sodium vapor lamp comprising an alumina arc tube within an outer glass envelope is provided with a capacitive starting aid in the interenvelope space. The aid comprises a stiff wire which is pressed lengthwise against the side of the arc tube by a bimetal arm swinging in a plane normal to the lamp axis. Preferably the wire has a camber concave towards the arc tube which is flattened out at room temperature. In the event of a reclosure, the camber shortens the hot restart time.

Abstract: A ballast circuit arrangement for providing a predetermined desired A.C. voltage to enhance the operation of the gas discharge tube serving as the main light source in a lighting unit of the type which also comprises an incandescent filament serving as a resistive element and a supplementary light source is disclosed. The circuit arrangement operates directly from an applied 220 volt, 50 Hz or 120 volt, 60 Hz alternating current (A.C.) voltage source. The circuit arrangement comprises a capacitor connected serially with both the incandescent filament and the gas discharge tube. If desired, the incandescent filament may be replaced with a resistive element. The value of the capacitor is selected so as to reduce the applied 220 volt, 50 Hz or 120 volt, 60 Hz A.C. source to a desired range for operating the circuit in a manner to develop a desired reduced voltage for operation of the gas discharge tube.

Abstract: Disclosed is a short-arc high intensity discharge lamp having an improved arc tube as its light source. The arc tube contains an inert gas and a dosage comprising Indium (In), Mercury (Hg), Dysprosium (Dy), and Iodine (I).

Abstract: A polarized screw base assuring constant angular orientation of a lamp has a polarizing locator for engaging a stop in a mating socket. The locator consists of a length of metal rod welded lengthwise on the crest of a base thread with multiple spot welds to assure adequate shear strength. The leading end of the locator is formed with a hooked or alternatively with a balled end to achieve a locking effect with the stop in the socket.

Abstract: Various embodiments of direct current (D.C.) ballasting circuits for low wattage high pressure sodium (HPS) vapor lamps are disclosed. In one ballast embodiment a negative going high voltage pulse is applied directly to the H.P.S. lamp cathode during the starting operation and the ballast circuit preferentially diverts a major portion of the HPS lamp current around a high-voltage transformer during normal operation so as to reduce the resistive heating of the transformer. In a second ballast embodiment, capacitors are arranged into voltage multiplying circuit for generating the high D.C. starting voltage along with diodes that reduce the power dissipation of the ballast circuit.

Abstract: An improved structure for mounting minor and major filaments of a three-way incandescent lamp is disclosed. The improved mounting structure orients the major filament in either an axial or transverse manner and the minor filament in a transverse manner. The transverse mounting of the major and minor filaments is established by the selection of the respective parameters of the inner lead wires connected to the minor and major filaments so as to improve the ability of each transverse mounted filament to withstand mechanical shock.

Abstract: A baseless incandescent lamp having various embodiments all with a single glass unit forming an outer envelope, complementary threads for mating with an electrical socket and an insulative stem is disclosed. The baseless incandescent lamp further comprises a filament rigidly disposed by the insulated stem within the outer envelope and connected between a pair of inner leads. The inner leads are connected to respective outer leads wherein one of the outer leads is connected to at least a portion of the complementary threads by a layer of electrically conductive metal. In one embodiment the other outer lead extends through a central opening of a plastic stem occupying a hollow portion of the outer envelope and is externally and electrically connected to the plastic stem by a layer of the electrically conductive metal.

Abstract: A high pressure sodium vapor lamp having a time fuse device effective for predeterminedly establishing the anticipated life of the high pressure lamp is disclosed. Also disclosed are various embodiments of the time fuse device.

Abstract: A lamp adapted to various residential, commercial and industrial needs by a reflective film is disclosed. The disclosed lamp having the reflective film transmits desired portions of the radiation spectrum selected for impinging onto various mediums. Also disclosed are various arrangements of the reflective film along with various desired film characteristics selected for various mediums to be impinged.

Abstract: A high pressure sodium lamp operated at increased pressure and having an improved color rendition is disclosed. The improved high pressure sodium lamp has an arc tube which reduces the sodium losses typically experienced by high pressure operation.

Abstract: A single-ended tungsten halogen incandescent lamp having an improved mounting assembly for a planar multi-filament is disclosed. The improved mounting assembly comprises, in part, means rigidly located in the pinch seal end of the lamp for coupling the outer lead-in wires to support rod members of the mounting assembly. The means for coupling comprises a first foil member and a first tab member, and a second foil member and a second tab member. The foil members and tab members are arranged with the outer lead-in wires and support rods to form a torsion bar-like configuration which holds the planar multi-filament in the central region within the lamp itself. The torsion bar-like configuration also finds application to lamps other than this tungsten halogen incandescent lamp.

Abstract: A lighting unit having a filament serving as a supplementary light source, an improved gas discharge tube serving as a main light source having improved electrodes and an improved ballast circuit operating in cooperation with the improved electrodes is disclosed. Various embodiments of the improved electrodes and various embodiments of the improved ballast circuits are disclosed. The improved ballast circuit operating in cooperation with the improved electrodes provides for thermionic arc conditions in the operation of the gas discharge tube substantially immediately after the application of voltage applied to the unit.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp unit having an improved supporting arrangement for the light source of the unit is disclosed. Also disclosed is an improved supporting arrangement for a light source having platform members that allow the light source to be attached to a base which is then inserted into complementary locating openings of a lamp unit in a vehicle. Further disclosed is a method of connecting the light source to the improved mounting arrangement.

Abstract: A high pressure sodium lamp having an inner arc tube operated at an increased wall temperature so as to improve the efficacy of the lamp is disclosed. The improved high pressure sodium lamp has an arc tube which reduces the sodium losses typically experienced by high temperature operation. Also disclosed are desired parameters of the arc tube.

Abstract: Various circuit embodiments for reducing the electromagnetic interference (EMI) typically created by a ballast circuit for an improved lighting unit is disclosed. The EMI reducing circuit adapts the operation of the source of the EMI of the ballast circuit to the conductive states of the rectifier means of the improved lighting unit.

Abstract: An improved mounting structure for a three-way incandescent lamp is disclosed. The improved mounting structure has a three-pillar stem in which the conductive leads rigidly dispose a minor and major filament within the three-way incandescent lamp. The improved mounting structure has a conductive support member in common with both the minor and the major filaments which achieves improved mounting stability of the minor and major filaments relative to prior three-way incandescent lamps. Also disclosed is a method for the improved mounting structure which simplifies the manufacturing process of the three-way incandescent lamp. Further disclosed in one embodiment is an improved mounting structure which achieves simultaneous burnout of minor and major filaments of the three-way incandescent lamp.

Abstract: Ballast circuits for a gas discharge tube are disclosed. One embodiment of a single-phase non-inductive ballast for operation of a gas discharge tube by direct current (D.C.) using a resistive current-limiting means and a relatively small capacitor is disclosed. The D.C. ballast circuit generates a timed pulse addition (TPA). The D.C. ballast circuit includes an arrangement of switching means which controls the discharge of a capacitive energy storage means so as to supply the reignition and the restrike energy in the form of timed pulse additions (TPA) that may be needed for the gas discharge tube. Other embodiments are disclosed for the ballast circuit which operate directly from the A.C. line and control the discharge of a capacitive storage means to supply reignition and restrike energy in the form of timed pulse additions (TPA) that may be needed for the gas discharge tube.

Abstract: A reflector (R) having an improved neck section that increases the useful light output of the lamp is disclosed. The reflector lamp comprises a concave reflector having a primary reflective surface with a parabolic shape, one or more intermediate reflective surfaces with a parabolic shape substantially confocal with the primary reflective surface, and an improved neck section comprising a reducing section, a first substantially straight cylindrical section, an expanding section and a second substantially straight cylindrical section.