Abstract: This invention relates to a method of inactivating a non-A, non-B hepatitis agent by means of formalin utilized in extended treatment. The range of formalin treatment utilizes a concentration of 1:1,000-1:10,000, preferred 1:1,000, and the duration of treatment is from 24-120 hours at any temperature with a preferred 96 hours (4 days) at 37.degree..+-.4.degree. C. This formalin-treated or otherwise inactivated agent, or portions of the agent, may be later used to produce a vaccine against non-A, non-B hepatitis.

Abstract: A method and treating agent for increasing the yield of oxidized coal or coal from surface or strip mines where said coal particles are concentrated by froth flotation. The method consists of utilizing as a promoter or frothing aid about 0.05-1.5 lbs of sodium polyacrylate latex per ton of dry coal (0.017-0.5 lb of dry sodium polyacrylate per ton of dry coal), having an average molecular weight of about 100,000 to 1,000,000 and more, with a preferred range of 1,000,000 or more.The preferred promoter or frothing aid for oxidized coal is a water-in-oil latex of sodium polyacrylate and preferably used with an alcohol-type frother. The latex may be utilized neat and self inverts with the assistance of an oil-in-water surfactant hydrophilic (or activator) and the water in the system upon application to form an oil-in-water emulsion, or it may be used as a two-part system with an activator (aqueous) to promote inversion.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and treating agent for increasing the yield of larger particles of fine oxidized coal where the particle size is 28.times.100 mesh and preferably 28.times.70 mesh and where said coal particles are concentrated by froth flotation. The method consists of utilizing as a promoter an alkali metal or ammonium polyacrylate. A preferred promoter is about 0.05-1.5 lbs of sodium polyacrylate latex per ton of dry coal (0.017-0.5 lb of dry sodium polyacrylate per ton of dry coal), having an average molecular weight of about 100,000, to 1,000,000 and more, with a preferred range of 1,000,000 or more.This preferred promoter or frothing aid for oxidized coal is a water-in-oil latex of sodium polyacrylate used with a water-in-oil emulsifier and preferably used with an alcohol-type frother.

Abstract: A blend which contains homopolymers useful for imparting wet and dry strength to pulp and paper fibers which comprises a major amount of non-ionic polyacrylamide, together with glyoxal to impart crosslinking and polymeric diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride (DADMAC) as a cationic modifier. A buffer such as tetrasodium pyrophosphate may be used. A dosage of 0.2-5% by weight (preferred 0.5-2% by weight) based on the dry weight of fiber is utilized.

Abstract: Novel compounds and the use of these compounds in inhibiting corrosion and scale in open cooling systems containing ferrous materials which are: ##STR1## These compounds are prepared by a carboxylic acid-phosphonic acid interchange in the general reaction involving .alpha.-phosphorus containing carboxylic acids as reactants:--P--CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 H .fwdarw.--P--CH.sub.2 PO.sub.3 H.sub.2these compounds show activity in scale and corrosion inhibition in open air cooling systems.

Abstract: A method and treating agent for increasing the yield of deep mined coal mined from a site 100 feet or more below the surface where the particles in the coal are concentrated by froth flotation. This method consists of utilizing as a promoter or frothing aid about 0.05-1.5 lbs of sodium polyacrylate latex per ton of dry coal (0.017-0.5 lb of dry sodium polyacrylate per ton of dry coal), having an average molecular weight of about 100,000 to 1,000,000 and more, with a preferred range of 1,000,000 or more.The preferred promoter or frothing aid for deep mined coal is a water-in-oil latex of sodium polyacrylate preferably used with an alcohol-type frother. The latex may be utilized neat and self inverts with the assistance of an oil-in-water surfactant (or activator) and the water in the system upon application to form an oil-in-water emulsion, or it may be used as a two-part system with an activator (aqueous) to promote inversion.

Abstract: Paper and other cellulose materials are sized with a cationic starch prepared by forming an aqueous slurry of a lightly oxidized starch, adding a cationizing agent to the slurry and then heating the slurry in a continuous cooker.

Abstract: Novel compounds and the use of these compounds in inhibiting corrosion and scale in open cooling systems containing ferrous materials which are: ##STR1## These compounds are prepared by a carboxylic acid-phosphonic acid interchange in the general reaction involving .alpha.-phosphorous containing carboxylic acids as reactants:--P--CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 H .fwdarw. --P--CH.sub.2 PO.sub.3 H.sub.2these compounds show activity in scale and corrosion inhibition in open air cooling systems.

Abstract: An antifoam/defoam composition used also as a drainage aid in pulp and papermaking process lines which consists of a water-base composition useful in the pH range 7.0-9.0. The milieu in which the composition is utilized such as e.g. black liquor, may be kept at a pH of 4.0-12.0. The composition is as follows:Hydrophobic silicaBisamide of the following formula: ##STR1## where N IS AN INTEGER FROM 1 TO 6; ANDR is a saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched chain hydrocarbyl group having from 5 to 22 carbon atoms.Acid containing crosslinked copolymer of acrylic acidDioctyl sulfosuccinateParaffin oilWaterMore particular formulae are also set out below:______________________________________ (A) Hydrophobic silica 0-30% Ethylene-bis-stearamide .001-50% Acid containing crosslinked acrylic acid polymer .05-10% Dioctyl sulfosuccinate .05-10% Paraffin oil .001-99% H.sub.2 O .001-99% (B) Hydrophobic silica 4-12% Ethylene-bis-stearamide 4-12% Acid containing crosslinked acrylic acid polymer .

Abstract: Gravity flow in generally vertical stack lines in buildings and dwellings is improved by the application at the top of the drain of a concentrate of a water-soluble vinyl addition polymer, said concentrate being a water-in-oil emulsion which has a water-soluble vinyl addition polymer concentration between 20 and 50% by weight based on the total emulsion which exhibits unusual stability properties. The invention also applies to lubrication of garbage prior to its entry into garbage disposals.

Abstract: Removal of organic impurities from a dilute solution of aqueous acrylamide is achieved byA. vacuum stripping of the aqueous acrylamide at > 25.degree. to 50.degree. C to concentrate the aqueous solution to about 80% acrylamide;B. cooling to about 25.degree. C to produce a slurry of acrylamide crystals;C. centrifuging the acrylamide crystals to express mother liquor and forming a crystal cake of acrylamide crystals;D. washing the crystal cake with water wash to produce an aqueous rinse liquor; andE. recycling the mother liquor and rinse liquor to vacuum stripping, step (a). The recycling of mother liquor from step (c) and rinse liquor from step (d) is effected n times where n = 4-20.This purifying process serves to remove certain nonvolatile and non-ionic organic impurities from the acrylamide monomer which are principally trieneamide together with small amounts of valeramide-.DELTA.-1:3-diene and .delta.-cyano-valeramide-.DELTA.-ene.

Abstract: This invention relates to sealing small leaks in oil containers such as tankers, underground storage tanks, and the like, by plugging the orifice of the leak utilizing water-soluble polymers which have been dispersed in a water-in-oil emulsion wherein the oil is the continuous phase.The active sealant consists of small densely packed spheres of the water-soluble polymers which have an effective size of about 0.5-500 microns. The dosage on an oil-wet surface is about 3-15 percent based on the weight of the oil present and may alternatively be measured as about 10-1000 ppm of polymer spheres applied to the orifice.

Abstract: The method of continuously monitoring the concentration of Grignard reactant in the "Freeport Process" cell for producing organolead compounds which comprises utilizing a reference half cell consisting of an electrode in anhydrous ether solution with a platinum group sample electrode in a solution of process Grignard reactant and adjusting upwardly the concentration of Grignard when it falls below a value of 0.02M. Also included in the invention are preferred reference half cells utilizing lead and zinc in anhydrous solvent selected from glycol diethers, such as diethylether of tetraethylene glycol (DETEG) and optionally tetrahydrofuran (THF) as a stripping solvent.

Abstract: Products and processes of a water-based formulation of methylene bis thiocyanate (MBT) in a xanthan gel, which is a hydrophilic colloid in water where the colloid is utilized at a concentration of about 0.02-2.0 weight percent and preferably 0.1-1.0 of the colloid carrier. In use in water treatment, this dosage is adjusted so that use dosage contains about 2-1000 ppm by weight of the microbicide and preferably 20-200 ppm. Alternatively, a ternary formulation may be used containing methylene bis thiocyanate plus an auxiliary fast-acting biocide in the same xanthan gel. The auxiliary microbicide is selected from an n-alkyl (C.sub.12 -C.sub.18) dimethyl(benzyl)ammonium chloride such as the preferred quaternary; i.e., tetradecyl benzyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (ROCCAL-MC-14--Hilton-Davis).

Abstract: An improvement in closed cycle regeneration of sodium zeolite water softeners using sodium chloride soft brine input which comprises correlating the volume of liquid through the zeolite softener column so that in the effluent the alkaline earth metal content calculated as calcium carbonate has a maximum value of about 16,000 ppm. The sodium chloride soft brine input is selected as 8-12% with optimum 10%.

Abstract: Novel ionene polymers are formed by the Mannich reaction of an aromatic molcule having an electron withdrawing group with a lower aliphatic aldehyde and a lower aliphatic secondary amine followed by polymerizing the Manniched derivative by the use of chain extenders from the group of di-functional condensation monomers consisting of epihalohydrins and 1,4-dihalobutene-2. Additionally, the polymers may be prepared by substituting some or all of the secondary amines above with a primary amine and quaternizing the resultant polymers formed to increase the molecular weight of the product.The products of this invention have utility as polymers useful for water clarification and as emulsion breakers for water-in-oil or oil-in-water emulsions.These polymers and their quaternary salts have also a special utility here as an electroconductive coating which, when applied to paper specially as a substrate, produce an electroconductive surface adapted for electrographic printing.

Abstract: A cleaner-inhibitor and method of incorporating same into an automotive or diesel coolant system consisting of 2-4 fluid ounces per gallon of a cleaner whose basic components are:A. an aminopolycarboxylic acidB. an .alpha. hydroxy acid such as gluconic, tartaric, or citricC. an azole copper protector such as mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) and a monoaryl triazole such as benzotriazole or tolyltriazoleWherein the ratio of A:B:C is about 3:1:1 to 2:1:1.A, b, and C above constitute a Deposit Release Agent in the cleaner.The cleaner above is combined with an inhibitor which is a multi-component inhibiting composition of the boron-nitrite type containing an alkali metal silicate and which may include a copper inhibitor and a polymeric dispersant, which is a water-soluble carboxylic acid polymer such as styrene maleic anhydride copolymer, a polyacrylate or methacrylate copolymer or carboxymethyl cellulose.The cleaner-inhibitor is adjusted with caustic to give a pH in the range 7.5-12.6 and preferably 7.5-10.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for the protection of steel and metal well equipment used in high temperature oil and gas wells above 250.degree.F and more particularly in the range of about 300.degree.-550.degree.F for bottom hole temperatures. The basic composition is a trimer acid salt of a primary mono-amine and particularly useful is a primary amine such as a primary tallow amine having C.sub.9 -C.sub.24 carbon length. Other ingredients include a sulfonate, particularly an alkaryl sulfonate, as well as a mixture of dispersing agents or solvents specially utilizing a combination of a lower alkanol and a highly aromatic solvent as make up. Optionally there may be included a minor amount of a water-in-oil demulsifier. The reaction of the trimer acid with the mono-amine affords less opportunity for any further deleterious reaction or polymerization than as previous formulations utilizing polyamines with dimer acids and the like.

Abstract: In the alkylation of naphthalene using an alkene reactant to produce monoalkyl naphthalene, the inhibition of polyalkyl and specially dialkyl naphthalenes by the use of a mixed protonic acid catalyst consisting of methane sulfonic acid and an active P.sub.2 O.sub.5 containing acid, utilized in about a 2:1 to 1:2 ratio with an optimum ratio of about 1:1. The reaction is carried out preferably under anhydrous conditions with respect to the mixed catalyst, and the products show present utility as emulsion breakers in petroleum chemistry as well as other surface active agents.

Abstract: 1. A process for clarifying water which has solid materials suspended therein and which has at least 0.1 ppm of residual chlorine comprising the steps of adding a minor amount of a .Iadd.condensation .Iaddend.polymer .[..[.of ammonia and ethylene dichloride.]..]. .Badd.selected from the group consisting of ammonia and polyalkylene polyamine with epichlorohydrin, and ammonia with ethylene dichloride .Baddend.which contains a plurality of basic nitrogen sites in form of quaternary groups to said water to coagulate said suspended solids, and thereafter separating said solids from said water.