Abstract: Connection to a tantalum capacitor electrode (17) is effected using a conductive paint layer (15), incorporating pure silver and pure copper particles, which minimizes silver leeching by a tin-containing solder alloy (18) by which the lead wire (17) is connected to the conductive paint layer (15), and thus minimizes power factor degradation.

Abstract: In an optical transmission system in which a plurality of optical signal channels is multiplexed before transmission along a common optical path to a receiver, each channel is produced by means of a respective multimode injection laser, the overall cavity length of each laser being arranged to provide a multimode spectral output with a respective intermode spacing which differs from that provided by the other lasers for channel discrimination purposes. Comb filters are employed for demutliplexing.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for recognition of sentences comprised of utterances separated by short pauses, the utterances representative of both isolated words and connected words. Speech to be recognized is converted into frames of digital signals. Selected ones of the frames of digital signals are compared with isolated word and connected word templates stored in a template memory. Recognition of isolated words is done by comparing the selected frames of digital signals with the isolated word templates in accordance with a windowed dynamic programming algorithm having path boundary control, while connected word recognition is accomplished by comparing selected frames of digital signals with the connected word templates in accordance with a full DPA having path score normalization and utterance frame penalty calculation capability. Variable frame rate encoding is used to identify the selected frames of digital signals.

Abstract: A valve assembly including an annular ring having an inwardly directed projection and a seal having a groove into which the projection is fitted. The seal has a sealing surface which engages a valve member. The seal has two ribs which project from the sealing surface and a protrusion extending into the groove, the ribs and the protrusion engaging respectively the valve member and the annular ring for providing a bubble-tight seal.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide an improved convolution processor that requires no multiplication operations and can easily be implemented digitally.

Abstract: A subscriber line interface circuit is provided for a telephone system for interconnecting a two-wire telephone channel with a four-wire telephone channel. The circuit includes a pair of power amplifiers employing complementary circuitry and being coupled in complementary fashion to the two-wire channel so as to provide for both DC electrical excitation to the two-wire channel, as well as providing for an impedance match over the voice frequency spectrum, thereby reducing power dissipation while improving the coupling of voice and/or data signals. The presence of any noise on power line is rejected by use of transistor biasing circuits and by use of feedback circuitry. Both resistive and capacitive feedback branches are provided for the impedance matching.

Abstract: An electronic hybrid circuit for coupling a two-wire communication path to a four-wire communication path includes amplifier circuits having a reactive feedback path such that the output impedance of each amplifier is approximately zero ohms at DC and is a predetermined value at audio frequencies. The amplifiers are arranged to provide battery and voice signal injection on the two-wire path. Serially connected diodes provide protection from lightning.

Abstract: In order to facilitate a shape-keeping compression in a process of fabricating an elongated glass-body, particularly a preform for optical waveguides on the basis of SiO.sub.2 in which, from a powdery glass starting material a porous body is formed and sintered into a glass body, there is provided a process in which the filling of the powdery glass starting material into the compression mold is carried out by simultaneously effecting a precompaction and in which, following the fill-in operation, the pre-compacted powdery material is compressed to obtain the porous body. Steps and measures are proposed for stabilizing the flexible hose which is preferably used as a compression mold, in its shape during the fill-in process. For the filling-in of the material there is used a screw conveyor or an arrangement of several screw conveyors arranged coaxially or next to each other, in order to form a porous body having the desired radial material composition.

Abstract: The method and apparatus to determine if a telephone subscriber line is loaded or non-loaded including circuitry to provide a signal having at least one given frequency which is coupled to a telephone subscriber line under test having a subscriber subset on-hook either directly or through the switching system such that this signal can be received from the subscriber line under test and analyzed to determine the value of at least one parameter of the subscriber line under test to determine whether the subscriber line under test is loaded or non-loaded. When the signal applied to the line has one frequency, the parameter involved is the real part of the on-hook impedance of the subscriber line under test and where a plurality of frequencies are employed, the parameter involved is either the change in the real part of the on-hook impedance of the subscriber line or a change in the phase angle of the on hook impedance of the subscriber line.

Abstract: A fail-safe 2-out-of-3 selecting facility for a 3-computer system is disclosed which is especially suitable for use together with microprocessors having a large number of outputs. The computers (R1 . . . R3) of the 3-computer system handle the same information in parallel but asynchronously, exchange their results, and compare them. The output buses (A1, A3) of two computers (R1, R3) transfer the results in nonequivalent form, and are connected to two data output channels (AK1, AK2) via separate transfer switches (U1, U2). Depending on the result of the comparisons performed in the computers, the output ports of faulty computers are disconnected and the transfer switches are controlled in such a way that the output port of a faulty computer is disconnected from the associated data output channel, and that the output port (A2) of the third computer (R2) is connected to this channel instead.

Abstract: A hermetically sealed injection laser package is made by first forming a sub-assembly of a monitoring photodiode (50) on a metal support member (53) and welding it to a heat sink (30) on which the laser (31) is mounted. The heat sink is secured inside the package housing (10) and then a further sub-assembly, comprising a plastics packaged optical fiber (60) hermetically sealed in a fiber support tube (61), is introduced through an aperture in one wall of the housing. Anchorage means (70) is laser beam welded to this tube and to the heat sink to secure the inner end in position for optimum optical coupling between the laser and the fiber.

Abstract: A connecting element for chip carriers comprises a unitary pin frame of insulating material and a set of contact elements which are secured within the frame by injection molding. Each contact element comprises a wire segment having a terminal end projecting from the bottom of the frame to connect with a printed circuit board, the wire segment including a portion extending upward from the frame to serve as a spring leg for connection with a contact surface of a chip carrier. Connection may be made by soldering. The chip may be supported either on top of or hanging below the carrier. The spring legs press laterally into semicircular cutouts on the sides of the frame. Posts are provided on the frame for restricting the insertion depth of the contact elements. The posts may be formed by injection molding and may be located at miter-joint areas of pieces of the pin frame.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a telecommunication line circuit including at least one line amplifier whose output is coupled to a telecommunication line conductor, and DC biasing means associated with said amplifier to apply thereto a DC bias signal of such a value that said amplifier cannot saturate when an AC metering signal is applied to it.

Abstract: Several satellites serving as reference stations (S.sub.j) for a user revolve about the earth in different orbits. At least four reference stations must be within sight of a user station (N) at the same time. The user station measures the ranges to at least four reference stations by one-way ranging. From these ranges and the positions of the reference stations, which are transmitted as data words, the user station determines its position.To determine the positions of the reference stations, the ranges from the respective reference station to at least three ground stations (B.sub.i) are measured by two-way ranging. From these ranges and the known positions of the ground stations, the position of the reference station is obtained. The interrogation signals of all reference stations contain the same basic signal (K.sub.s), which represents a pseudorandom code. The reply signals of the ground stations contain differently coded signals (K.sub.

Abstract: A method of making an (In,Ga)(As,P) inverted rib waveguide laser in which a lateral waveguiding effect is provided by an inverted rib formed in intermediate index material spacing the active layer from the substrate which accommodates the rib in a channel in the substrate includes forming the channel with {111}B or {011} plane side walls, thereby permitting the use of a thinner intermediate index material layer than is possible when using a channel with {111}A plane sides.

Abstract: An improved frequency hopped data communication system with a random transmission of mark and space frequency over the transmission bandwidth to provide independent frequency hopping of the mark and space frequency is provided in the system which is particularly immune to repeater jamming. Only one frequency is transmitted at a time upon selection on a bit instant by a pseudo-noise code generator. The location of the mark and space frequency is randomly chosen, however, the location is known at the transmitter and the repeater by appropriate synchronization equipment.

Abstract: The field component diversity antenna and receiver arrangement comprises at least a first pair of parallel spaced, straight, vertical elemental antenna elements disposed substantially parallel to the electric field component of a transmitted signal to receive the transmitted signal in a multipath fading environment where the electric field and magnetic field components are uncorrelated and a 180.degree. hybrid circuit coupled to the first pair of spaced antenna elements to provide a first output signal proportional to the electric field components and a second output signal proportional to the magnetic field component. The spaced elemental antenna elements may be monopole elements or dipole elements. The pair of antenna element may be connected together by a straight conductor to enhance the magnetic field component. The first and second output signals may be combined by known diversity combining arrangement to achieve a diversity advantage.