Abstract: In some PCB connector embodiments the internal pins of the probe or wire terminal end could be set at between about 0.4 mm to about 2.0 mm provided that the contact point between the male probe end and the mating female connector is about 1.0 mm. Such embodiments would adjust for alternate connector configurations for connectors while maintaining the required HDMI specifications for the contact point. In other embodiments intermediate distances could be used of about 0.4 mm to about 0.5 mm; about 0.5 mm to about 0.6 mm; about 0.6 mm to about 0.7 mm; about 0.7 mm to about 0.8 mm; about 0.8 mm to about 0.9 mm; about 0.9 mm to about 1.0 mm; about 1.0 to about 1.1 mm; about 1.1 to about 1.2 mm; about 1.2 mm to about 1.3 mm; about 1.3 mm to about 1.4 mm; about 1.4 mm to about 1.5 mm; about 1.5 mm to 1.6 mm; about 1.6 mm to 1.7 mm; about 1.7 mm to 1.8 mm; about 1.8 mm to 19 mm and about 1.9 mm to 2.0 mm once again provided that the probe pins are finally configured to meet the about 1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the simple, gentle, and efficient extraction of biological material from Escherichia coli (E. coli). The use of E. coli in research laboratories depends on the ability to prepare lysates to isolate the desired products under investigation. The present invention includes methods and engineered E. coli strains that are capable of rapid controlled lysis or herein “autolysis”. The XJa strains were made from JM109 and the XJb strains from BL21 by insertion of the ? R or (? SR) lytic endolysin gene to replace the tightly regulated araB gene. Thus, arabinose becomes a non-metabolizable inducer and the controlled autolysis phenotype is induced by the PBAD promoter by the presence of saturating arabinose. Upon induction of the bacteriophage ?R endolysin, the E. coli remains intact but is efficiently lysed after one freeze-thaw cycle. The present invention is usable with many different buffer systems and is flexible in this regard.

Abstract: The invention provides apparatus, reagents, and methods for rapidly isolating plasmid DNA from a bacterial alkaline lysate.

Abstract: Apparatus, reagents, and methods for isolating plasmid DNA from bacteria by alkaline lysis using a solid or immobilized P2 and/or P3 reagent in combination with a DNA-binding matrix.

Abstract: The present invention describes isolation of plasmid DNA from bacteria. The addition of dyes to the alkaline lysis based purification buffers (P1, P2, and P3) allows for improved visual monitoring of the steps of preparing a bacterial lysate filtrate coupled to filtration or spin-column chromatography. The method comprises the suspending of the bacterial cells with buffer P1 (suspension is red/pink); lysing the bacteria with buffer P2 (suspension goes from red/purple color to translucent/purple); precipitating cellular debris with buffer P3 (solution becomes yellow with debris suspension); centrifuging or filtering to product a lysate filtrate; binding the lysate filtrate to a DNA binding matrix; washing; and isolating the plasmid via chromatography. The yield and quality of plasmid DNA is improved due to more consistent lysis. Errors in buffer addition are reduced by visualizing the color as buffers are added and also of changes in color of the preparation at each step.