Abstract: An improved can end trimmer provides for positioning a trimming knife on a rotating spindle in a manner such that it may be adjusted to proper alignment with another knife by means of a spacer fitting. The invention further allows for the removal or replacement of the trimming knives without the necessity of alignment adjustments.

Abstract: An easy-opening end closure of the full opening type is formed with the flap-defining score-line located in the vertical chuck wall whereat the cutedge, of that portion of the closure remaining attached to the container after opening, is shielded by the container sidewall.The disclosure also relates to a method for forming the above described easy-opening end closure wherein the scoreline is formed in a horizontal portion of the end panel, said portion thereafter being upset to a substantially vertical position whereat it comprises a part of the chuck wall.

Abstract: An improved vented, easy-opening end closure having an opening score line and a vent score line and a pull tab provided with an integral tether secured to the end panel and operative to effect, in the areas immediately adjacent the ends of the vent score line, primarily tension stresses and to reduce the stress components normal to the end panel which tear the end panel and thus frustrate opening of the container.

Abstract: An improved non-detachable end closure wherein a pull tab member initiates fracture of the opening score line. The pull tab member is fastened to the end panel with the pull tab nose portion resting on a raised bead formed on the opening flap member immediately adjacent the score line. The tab member is preloaded with a panelward force directed against the flap member, said force serving to reduce the effort required to fracture the score. Opening of the container is accomplished by lifting the tab member to initiate fracture of the score. The flap member remains attached to the end panel and is pushed into the container with finger or thumb pressure.

Abstract: Xanthate esters of the form: ##EQU1## where R is an alkyl function having at least one H in a position alpha to the R - O bond, (C).sub.n is a linear alkyl function either substituted or unsubstituted, with n = 1 - 3, X has a basicity greater than the >C = S function and comprises a C or S containing functional group having at least one double or triple bond to a hetero atom, the functional group being connected to (C).sub.n through C or S; are reacted with Lewis acids, either neat or in non-protonic non-aqueous solvents, to yield novel Lewis acid complexes of the esters. The Lewis acid -- xanthate ester complex is decomposed by admixture with water or a protonic non-aqueous solvent, e.g. methanol, ethanol, etc., glycol, cellosolve, liquid ammonia, lower alkyl primary or secondary amines, aniline, etc., to yield an unsaturated derivative of R.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions of swollen hide collagen suitable for extrusion into tubular food casings are prepared by dispersing finely comminuted collagen particles at a concentration of 2-8% by weight in water. Swelling of the collagen particles is effected by adjusting the pH of the dispersion to between 2.5 to 3.7 with a mixture of a strong acid having a dissociation constant in water at 25.degree. C of greater than 1 .times. 10.sup.-.sup.3, e.g., sulfuric acid, and a weak acid having a dissociation constant in water at 25.degree. C between 1 .times. 10.sup.-.sup.6 to 1 .times. 10.sup.-.sup.3, e.g., lactic acid.

Abstract: An easy opening closure for pressurized fluids and a method of making the same. The container has an end panel with multiple small openings and a tape strip of plastic or plastic coated metal foil is secured to the panel by a heat activated adhesive in a way by which the plastic is extruded into the openings to form hollow bosses each defined by a peripheral annulus or torus formed into the respective opening and at least partially bonded to an uncoated raw edge of the opening, the boss having a disk-like center portion and the surrounding annulus providing a thick cross-section resisting doming of the areas of the tape covering the openings and inhibiting the development of incipient cracks and their propogation resulting in premature peeling of the cohesive bond.

Abstract: A pressure regulator particularly adaptable for use in aerosol cans, in which a chamber is provided having inlet and outlet ports, and a dimensionally changeable, hollow pressure reactive element located within the chamber is dimensionally controlled, to close and open the inlet port, by variations of pressure in the chamber.

Abstract: An aerosol container having a propellant means and a flexible product bag enclosed within a flexible deformable plastic container such as polyethylene. The propellant causes the product in the bag to discharge which reduces the volume of the product in the enclosing container thus reducing the pressure of the gas within the container to subatmospheric pressure. This collapses the container and is an indication that the contents have been used.

Abstract: An improved hydraulically actuated take-up device, for use with conveying members subject to both sudden accelerations and variations in length resulting from changes in thermal loading, wherein a portion of the member is displaced to maintain a predetermined tension therein. Minor corrections are effected gradually through action of a hydraulic damper while a relief valve prevents tension build-up beyond a predetermined limit. The action of the take-up may be reversed to relieve the tension on the member to facilitate periodic maintenance and adjustment.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for improving the vapor barrier properties of a shaped article having relatively poor vapor barrier characteristics, said article shaped from a polymer having a plurality of carboxylic acid salt groups formed by the reaction of pendant carboxylic acid groups and a cation which compises:Displacing at least a portion of the cations in said polymer by contacting the surface of said shaped article with an effective proportion of an acid having a sufficient degree of ionization and for a time to displace said cation, thereby generating pendant carboxylic acid groups;Coating the contacted surface of said shaped article with an organic polyisocyanate;Bonding said organic polyisocyanate to said shaped article by reacting the isocyanate groups with said pendant carboxylic acid groups; andApplying a coating having vapor barrier characteristics to said shaped article.

Abstract: An improved child-resistant self-opening end closure wherein the finger ring portion of the pull tab is nested between two concentric curved protrusions, formed in the end panel, which obstruct access to the ring and prevent grasping and lifting of the tab. To open the closure, an upwardly tilted nose portion of the tab is depressed, thereby causing the ring portion to tilt upwardly to a point whereat it may be grasped. The additional operation, which runs counter to a child's prior experience, renders removal of the closure beyond the capability of a young child.

Abstract: A releasable fastening for the ring portion of a tape tab to the body portion of the tab. The tab is a laminate of plastic and metal and is folded along its longitudinal edge to form a hem which not only increases the tensile strength of the tab and prevents tearing but, also, inverts the plastic, which is normally on the bottom of the tab, along opposite edges to provide plastic strips extending lengthwise of the tab. The ring portion is also hemmed and, in being folded onto the body portion, disposes the plastic strips on its edges against the plastic strips on the body portion. The opposing plastic hem strips are heated and clamped together to produce a fracturable attachment to temporarily hold the ring portion flat against the body portion which lays flat on the end panel. When the ring portion is pulled up preparatory to peeling the tape off the can end to which it is attached, the attachments fracture and allow the ring portion to be pulled up.

Abstract: A divider for partitioning a rectangular space into six cells, formed from a blank comprising a central panel and a pair of panel sections. Each of the panel sections includes second, third, fourth and end panels extending in that order from the central panel. The widths of the second and fourth panels are equal, and the width of each end panel is greater than the width of the respective third panel, whereby when the fourth and end panels are folded flatly onto the second and third panels, an end portion of each end panel overlies a portion of the central panel. The blank is cut and further scored along a median portion to provide hinge means and to divide the panels into half-panels.

Abstract: An improved conveyor belt for use in a magnetic waste separator characterized by the provision of protective cleats mounted transverse the conveyor belt. The cleats are strategically positioned to protect the belt from abrasion caused by the sharp-edged metal fragments being processed. Further, the particular configuration and spacing of the cleats enhances tumbling or bouncing of the separated metal fragments which serves to reduce the amount of entrained nonmagnetic materials, thereby increasing separator efficiency.

Abstract: An improved pull tab mounting arrangement for an easy open end closure member, characterized by the provision of improved pull tab positioning means for maintaining the pull tab in a desired orientation relative to the panel-defining score line and minimizing tab protrusion from the end closure member. A pierced hole forming a protrusion with a jagged edge is incorporated in the tab nose portion between the free extremity of the tab and the rivet means that secures the tab to the end panel member. The jagged protruding edge of the protrusion is driven into the end panel member during the staking operation, thereby providing an anti-rotation interlock between the tab and the end panel which prevents rotation of the tab nose relative to the score line. The protrusion further serves to raise the nose portion of the tab relative to the end panel thereby biasing the tab against the end panel upon staking of the rivet which forces the finger grip portion of the tab into close contact with the end panel.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improvement in a process for threading an edible collagen casing through an elongated dryer wherein the casing is inflated with a gas, sealed at an end for maintaining said gas in said casing, and then passed through the dryer. The improvement in the process resides in injecting a gas-forming material selected from the group consisting of a water-immiscible liquid having a boiling point of from about 10.degree. - 70.degree.C. at atmospheric pressure, a solid sublimable at a temperature below about 70.degree.C. at atmospheric pressure, and a solid or liquid which is decomposible at a temperature below about 70.degree.C. at atmospheric pressure into the bore of the casing prior to introducing the casing into the dryer. The elevated temperature maintained in the dryer causes the gas-forming material to vaporize, sublime, react, or decompose to a gas and thereby inflate the casing. The material is added in a proportion sufficient to inflate the casing to a predetermined pressure.

Abstract: An easy opening end closure for a container in which the end closure includes a panel having a pre-cut pour opening. The pour opening is sealed by a plastic closure having a portion permanently bonded to the underside of the end. A remaining portion is releasably adhered to the underside so that upon downward pressure on the closure, it is released and hinges about the permanently bonded portion. A tongue integral with the panel projects into the opening along the edge along which the flap hinges and is permanently bonded thereto.

Abstract: An improved process for tanning edible collagen food casings wherein the coagulated and washed collagen casing is exposed to a tanning bath which is free of aluminum chelating reagents and contains a mixture of aluminum ammonium sulfate, as A1NH.sub.4 (SO.sub.4).sub.2. 12H.sub.2 O and monobasic aluminum sulfate (A10HSO.sub.4), the concentration of the aluminum ammonium sulfate in the bath being less than 3% by weight and the molar ratio of aluminum ammonium sulfate to monobasic aluminum sulfate being in the range of 1:2 to 2:1.

Abstract: Method for molding plastic articles by forming a parison on a core within an injection mold, cooling the internal and external walls of the parison thus formed by heat transfer through the core and the injection mold, transferring said core to a delay position for permitting redistribution of heat from the interior of the parison to the exposed walls to obtain a more uniform temperature just above the material's glass transition temperature, and subsequently transferring said core to an expansion mold for expanding same, the cooling and heat redistribution permitting a greater degree of orientation of the polymer chains of the formed articles. Preferably, the apparatus for practicing the process includes injection and expansion molds supported in such a relation as to permit a substantial time interval between injection and expansion of the parison.