Abstract: Disclosed is a nickel-base alloy for use under "super oxidizing" environments, for example, concentrated sulfuric acid, fuming nitric acid, chromium acid and mixtures containing chromic acid. The alloy has good strength and may be precipitation hardened. Its thermal stability and weldability are excellent. The alloy has a high degree of resistance to pitting. A nominal composition contains, in percent by weight, about 20 chromium, about 2 copper, about 2 iron, about 2 molybdenum, about 5 silicon and the balance nickel plus normal impurities.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cobalt-base alloy that has a valuable combination of both corrosion- and wear-resistant properties. The alloy nominally contains, in percent by weight, 25.5 chromium, 8.5 nickel, 3.0 iron, 5 molybdenum, 2 tungsten, 0.40 silicon, 0.75 manganese, 0.06 carbon, 0.08 nitrogen and the balance cobalt plus normal impurities normally found in alloys of this class. The alloy may also contain copper and certain "carbide formers" (i.e., columbium, tantalum, titanium, vanadium and the like) to tie up excess carbon and/or nitrogen that may be present.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improvement in the process of gas back-purging the root section of the weld during open-butt welding of pipe. The rates of gas flow in back-purging and in torch shielding are controlled and a ratio between the flow rates is established. The invention teaches a gas back-purging flow rate of about 40 CFH and a torch shielding flow rate of about 10 CFH under typical conditions to maintain a required 4 to 1 ratio of the flow rates.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an improved chemical reactor apparatus of the type suitable for supporting a catalyst during the high temperature oxidation of ammonia to form nitric acid which is fabricated from a superior nickel base superalloy containing about: 20 to 24% chromium, 10 to 20% tungsten, 1.0 to 3.5% molybdenum, 0.3 to 1% manganese, 0.2 to 0.75% silicon, 10 to 20% cobalt and in which certain relationhips among these alloying elements provide a structure which has very high creep strength and resistance to the corrosive environment.

Abstract: A corrosion resistant metal alloy having improved formability and workability is disclosed which alloy contains in weight percent about 25% to 45% nickel, about 12% to 32% chromium, of at least one of 0.1% to 2.0% columbium, 0.2% to 4.0% tantalum, and 0.05% to 1.0% vanadium, up to about 0.20% carbon, about 0.05% to 0.50% nitrogen and the balance being iron plus impurities and wherein the carbon and nitrogen content are controlled so that the amount of free carbon and nitrogen defined as ##EQU1## is greater than 0.14% and less than 0.29%. The alloy may also include in limited amounts one of aluminum, titanium, silicon, manganese, cobalt, molydenum, tungsten, boron, zirconium, yttrium, cerium and other rare earth metals.

Abstract: Disclosed is a nickel-base alloy eminently suited for use as a welding filler material. The alloy contains over 40% molybdenum with an effective content of silicon to provide a valuable combination of engineering properties which includes the combination of high strength, excellent corrosion resistance and welding characteristics. Commercial production of the alloy may be in many forms, for example, castings, powder metallurgy articles, wrought products and the like. A typical alloy of this invention contains about 42% molybdenum, 0.25% silicon and the balance nickel plus modifying elements and impurities.

Abstract: Disclosed is a nickel-base alloy having a low coefficient of thermal expansion and a high degree of corrosion and oxidation resistance for use without a coating. The high strength alloy is not notch sensitive under impact and has very short term ordering to A.sub.2 B structure in aging. The alloy nominally contains, in weight percent, 8 chromium, 25 molybdenum, about 0.003 boron, about 1 iron, about 0.5 manganese, about 0.4 silicon and the balance nickel plus normal impurities.

Abstract: Disclosed is a duplex stainless steel containing about 25% chromium, about 2% copper, about 3% molybdenum, about 0.2% nitrogen, about 9% nickel and the balance iron plus modifying elements and impurities. In corrosion conditions, including severe pitting environments, the steel contains up to 3%, and preferably 0.2 to 1.0% niobium. The alloy is especially suited for use as a welding filler material. The steel, after welding, has improved Charpy impact properties, increased tensile ductility and corrosion resistance. The steel is also suited for use in the form of cast, wrought or powder products.

Abstract: Disclosed is a series of silicon rich nickel-base alloys that have a high degree of ductility and hot working properties. The alloys have the corrosion resistant characteristics comparable to cast HASTELLOY.RTM. alloy D (Ni - 9 Si - 3 Cu). The alloys have good tensile strength at temperatures up to 600.degree. C. comparing favorably with Alloy IN 718. In addition, the alloys may be produced by super plastic forming (isothermal forging). The nickel-base alloy typically contains 7 to 14% silicon, 0.5 to 6% vanadium, plus a number of optional modifying elements.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an improved chemical reactor apparatus of the type suitable for supporting a catalyst during the high temperature oxidation of ammonia to form nitric acid which is fabricated from a superior nickel base superalloy containing about: 20 to 24% chromium, 10 to 20% tungsten, 1.0 to 3.5% molybdenum, 0.3 to 1% manganese, 0.2 to 0.75% silicon, and up to 20% cobalt and in which certain relationships among these alloying elements provide a structure which has very high creep strength and resistance to the corrosive environment.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for treating the surface of super alloys, notably nickel-base alloys, with thin cross sections, in preparation for brazing processes. The super alloy is heat treated in a partial pressure of oxygen at a temperature less than about 1975.degree. F. but above the engineering solvus temperature of gamma prime intermetallics followed by a rapid cooling step. The resultant alloy is thereby provided with a surface that has improved brazability.

Abstract: Disclosed is an iron-base alloy eminently suited for use as components in nuclear energy installations. The alloy normally contains, in percent by weight, about 20% chromium, about 10% nickel, about 5.5% silicon, about 1.5% carbon, about 8% niobium plus vanadium, about 0.05% nitrogen, less than 1% cobalt as an impurity and the balance iron plus normal impurities found in alloys of this class.

Abstract: Disclosed is a sulfidation-resistant alloy. The alloy preferably may contain about 27% each cobalt and chromium, 8% iron, 2.7% silicon and the balance nickel plus normal impurities found in alloys of this class.The alloy is eminently suitable for applications in high temperature, hostile environments generated by many industrial processes, such as refinery, chemical processing and power generations.

Abstract: Disclosed is a "duplex" stainless steel especially suited for use in conditions requiring a high degree of wear and corrosion resistance; for example structural fasteners, such as nuts and bolts as used in chemical processing. The alloy typically contains, in weight percent, 12 cobalt, 20 chromium, 11 nickel, 5 silicon, 1.5 molybdenum, 2 copper, up to 0.2 nitrogen and up to 0.01 carbon. The "duplex" structure preferably consists of about 30% ferrite and the balance essentially austenite.

Abstract: A yttrium-free, nickel-chromium-iron-aluminum alloy characterized by excellent oxidation resistance at very high temperatures. The alloy consists essentially of, by weight, from 14 to 18% chromium, from 4 to 6% aluminum, from 1.5 to 8% iron, up to 12% cobalt, up to 1% manganese, up to 1% molybdenum, up to 1% silicon, up to 0.25% carbon, up to 0.03% boron, up to 1% tungsten, up to 0.5% tantalum, up to 0.2% titanium, up to 0.5% hafnium, up to 0.2% zirconium, up to 0.2% rhenium, balance essentially nickel. The nickel plus the cobalt content is at least 66%.

Abstract: Disclosed is an iron-base alloy eminently suited for use as components in nuclear energy installations. The alloy normally contains, in percent by weight, about 20% chromium, about 10% nickel, about 5.5% silicon, about 1.5% carbon, about 8% niobium plus vanadium, about 0.05% nitrogen, less than 1% cobalt as an impurity and the balance iron plus normal impurities found in alloys of this class.

Abstract: Disclosed is a new aluminum grain refiner alloy with a controlled, effective content of "duplex" crystals. The duplex crystals are made by (1) producing aluminides that contain boron in solution, and by (2) aging said aluminide in a manner to precipitate at least part of the boron to form the duplex crystals. The duplex crystals have been discovered to be extremely potent grain refining agents.

Abstract: Disclosed is a moderate electrical conductivity copper alloy containing titanium and beryllium wherein the ratio of titanium to beryllium is about 10:1. The alloy has an outstanding combination of useful engineering properties: mechanical strength, physical characteristics and good fabricability. A typical alloy contains, in weight percent, about 2.3 titanium, 0.2 beryllium and the balance copper plus normal impurities found in alloys of this class.

Abstract: Disclosed is a coated substrate article coated with an alloy powder containing, in weight percent, 7 to 19 silicon, up to 5 copper balance nickel, cobalt and/or iron plus impurities. The articles may be coated by a variety of spray coating processes; however, plasma spray coating is preferred. The coated article is especially suited for use in severe conditions of wet corrosion.

Abstract: A nickel-base alloy containing principally chromium molybdenum and tungsten is disclosed. The alloy is especially resistant to corrosion in a variety of corrosive media including oxidizing acids and reducing acids; furthermore, the alloy is not subject to localized corrosive attack, known as the "pitting" test. The alloy nominally contains 22% chromium, 13% molybdenum, 3% tungsten, 3% iron and the balance nickel plus small amounts of adventitious elements and impurities. Molybdenum and tungsten must be present in a ratio of about 4 to 1 respectively for optimum benefits of the invention.