Abstract: This invention relates to non-hydrolyzable, non-irritating, hair, skin and textile substantive quaternary salts of p-dialkylaminobenzamides having the formula ##STR1## wherein R' and R" are each selected from the group of C.sub.1 to C.sub.2 alkyl; n is an integer having a value of from 2 to 3; R is an alkyl radical having from 10 to 18 carbon atoms; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each selected from the group of C.sub.1 to C.sub.2 alkyl, and X is an anion. These benzamide derivatives are active sunscreening agents which are usefully employed at a concentration of from about 0.5 to about 10 wt. % in a formulation requiring protection against the harmful effects of sunlight, such as skin burn, hair damage, color fading, etc.

Abstract: Emulsion concentrates of water-insoluble film-forming polymers are disclosed which can be utilized to form water-resistant films of active ingredients, such as, agriculturally active chemicals. Methods for preparation and use of the emulsion concentrates are disclosed.

Abstract: A water based wetting agent uses higher alkyl substituted lactam, anionic surfactant and water to enhance the wetting properties of herbicide and pesticide formulations. The composition is effective in enhancing wetting times, and in some instances increases the formulation effectiveness through enhanced contact, better penetration and lower surface tension. Utilizing a herbicide or pesticide formulation including the wetting agent provides a fast absorption of actives with rapid uptake to promote weed control with no or minimal phytotoxicity at the use levels.

Abstract: A filter apparatus having a filter bag subassembly for collecting contaminating material. The filter bag sub-assembly includes five diametrically and axially-spaced bags and an integral collar. The five spaced bags form five spaced chambers and the integral collar has a stepped shape forming five cylinder support portions for the five spaced bags.

Abstract: A hardwood floor cleaner composition is provided which is non-tacky, and cleans and shines in one-step, is free of silicones, does not dull the wood surface. The composition comprises (a) about 0.1-5%, preferably 0.2-2%, of a C.sub.6 -C.sub.24 alkyl pyrrolidone, preferably N-octyl-pyrrolidone; (b) about 0.1-5%, preferably 0.2-1%, of an anionic or nonionic surfactant, preferably sodium dodecyl sulfate; (c) about 1-5%, preferably 2-4%, of a shine booster, preferably a vinylpyrrolidone copolymer, such as vinylpyrrolidone-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (Gafquat.RTM. 755-N - ISP); and (d) about 0.5-2%, preferably 0.8-1.5%, of a film-former, for example, an acrylic emulsion, preferably Esi-Cryl.RTM. 405 (Emulsion Systems Inc.), which is 2-methyl-2-propenoic acid, copolymer with ethyl-2-propenoate, methyl-2-methyl propenoate and 2-propenoic acid, and (e) about 85-95%, preferably 88-93%, of water, or an alcohol, or mixtures thereof, by weight of the composition.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved polymerization free radical initiator delivery system for the polymerization of monomers containing olefinic unsaturation and to the preparation of the initiator which comprises dissolving a water insoluble free radical initiator and an excess amount of the polymeric product of the reaction in a mutual organic solvent having a boiling point below 140.degree. C., in the presence of between about 1.0 and 100 wt. % of a surfactant based on weight of initiator and mixing the resulting solution to achieve uniform molecular distribution of initiator and polymer molecules in the surfactant/solvent mixture; removing the solvent to provide coprecipitated initiator/polymer microparticles and then diluting the coprecipitated microparticles with water under vigorous agitation to form a microparticle emulsion of low viscosity which is suitable as the initiator feed for contact with monomer in a polymerization reaction.

Abstract: A carbonyl iron powder (CIP) premix composition suitable for metal injection molding is provided herein. The composition comprises (a) CIP having a particle size in the range of about 0.2-7 microns, preferably about 0.2-5 microns, and a narrow particle size distribution; and (b) an alloying material, having a particle size in the range of about 0.02 to 5 microns, preferably about 0.03 to 3.0 microns, and a narrow particle size distribution, comparable to the CIP, and present in an amount of about 0.1-60% by weight of the composition, preferably 0.5-50%. The alloy material substantially covers the surface of the iron particles and is adhered thereto by attractive forces. Preferably the alloy material includes elemental metal powders which are smaller in particle size than the CIP.The premix composition is prepared by intensive mixing of its powder components, e.g.

Abstract: A process for making homogeneous copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone (VP) and vinyl acetate (VA) which form clear aqueous solutions and have high cloud points. The process involves precharging VP and VA monomers in a predetermined ratio, and then feeding VP and VA at a predetermined rate, the ratio of the components in the initial charge and the feeding rates for the monomer being selected in accordance with the reactivity rates of the monomers towards copolymerization as opposed to homopolymerization.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved adhesive composition having extended holding power accompanied by adhesion building properties during use and having increased gel adhesion, which composition consists essentially of (a) from about 10 to about 35 wt. % lower alkyl vinyl ether-maleic acid copolymer wherein from 0 to about 90 wt. % of the copolymer carboxyl units are converted to a mixture of salts selected from the group of calcium, sodium, strontium, zinc, magnesium and potassium; (b) an excess, with respect to said copolymer, of a non-crosslinked, non-ionic natural guar gum; and (c) from about 30 to about 70 wt. % oil base as a carrier. The invention also relates to the preparation and use of said adhesive for affixing dentures.

Abstract: What is provided herein is a colorless, purified polymerizable composition useful for the production of crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone. The polymerizable composition includes about 74-96% by weight vinylpyrrolidone monomer and 4-26% by weight of the isomeric compound 1-vinyl-3(E)-ethylidene pyrrolidone as crosslinker. The polymerizable composition is used to make crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone rapidly upon heating the composition at about 80.degree.-120.degree. C. in the absence of base.

Abstract: This invention relates to a liquid phase process for producing 2-pyrrolidone in high yield and selectivity in the absence of catalyst and extraneous solvents which involves contacting ammonia with butyrolactone in a molar ratio of from 0.5:1 to 0.85:1 at high temperature and pressure sufficient to maintain the liquid phase.

Abstract: This invention relates to a continuous film, coating, membrane or extruded filament of a crosslinked vinyl lactam polymer having excellent substrate adhesion, a glass transition temperature (Tg) above 150.degree. C. and water repellent properties. The invention also relates to the method of preparing and using filaments, coatings and membranes of said crosslinked polymeric product.

Abstract: What is provided herein is a colorless, purified polymerizable composition useful for the production of crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone. The polymerizable composition includes about 74-96% by weight vinylpyrrolidone monomer and 4-26% by weight of the isomeric compound 1-vinyl-3(E)-ethylidene pyrrolidone as crosslinker. The polymerizable composition is used to make crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone rapidly upon heating the composition at about 80.degree.-120.degree. C. in the absence of base.

Abstract: A highly stable composition composed of a water insoluble agriculturally active ingredient, a surfactant, a lactam having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen or branched or straight chained alkyl having from 1 to 16 carbon atoms and R.sub.1 is branched or straight chained alkyl having from 1 to 16 carbon atoms, with the provision that the sum of the carbon atoms in R and R.sub.1 is less than or equal to 16; and n is 3, 4, or 5;and at least about 80 percent by weight water, and wherein the specific agriculturally active ingredient, surfactant, and lactam and amounts of each are such that composition is in the form of a microemulsion.

Abstract: What is provided herein is an inert matrix composition (IMC), and a microemulsifiable concentrate (MEC) in the form of a free-flowing, high-melting solid, suitable for making an aqueous microemulsion (AME) of an agriculturally active chemical (AAC) with dilution water. The inert matrix composition comprises about 10-50% of a C.sub.6 -C.sub.18 alkylpyrrolidone, about 10-50% of an anionic surfactant and about 10-70% of a complexing agent characterized by being an organic compound having a melting point >100.degree. C., a molecular weight .ltoreq.500, a water solubility of at least 10% by weight, and being capable of hydrogen-bonding with the alkylpyrrolidone component of the composition. The MEC comprises the IMC and about 1-20% of the agriculturally active ingredient (AAI). Upon dilution with water an AMC is provided having a few ppm to 1% AAI.

Abstract: A solvent for producing emulsifiable concentrates from agriculturally active chemicals which are insoluble in water comprises an alkoxyalkyl lactam such as butoxy propyl pyrrolidone. An agriculturally active chemical and the alkoxyalkyl lactam are admixed optionally with co-solvents, emulsifiers and surfactants to produce a stable emulsifiable concentrate. The concentrate is dilutable with water at the point of use to produce either macro or micro emulsions which are themselves stable to assure even application.

Abstract: This invention relates to hydrolysis resistant, water-soluble ammonium salt solids which are biologically active and which are described by the formula ##STR1## wherein m has a value of from 1 to 3; n has a value of from 1 to 4 and is equal to the free valences in anion R; p has a value of from 1 to 3; R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each independently selected from the group of hydrogen, and C.sub.1 to C.sub.2 alkyl; R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are each independently selected from the group of hydrogen, hydroxyalkyl and alkoxyalkyl radicals having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms and R is the anion of a biologically active, water-insoluble anion having at least 1 deprotonized hydrogen and is derived from a biologically active, acidic, organic compound selected from the group of a carboxylic, thiocarbonic, sulfonic, sulfinic, thiosulfonic, thioacid, mono- and di-thiophosphate and phosphorous containing acid, having a pKa* value less than 5.

Abstract: A free radical solution process for making PVP polymers having a molecular weight corresponding to a K-value of about 30-150, a narrow molecular weight distribution represented by a polydispersity of about 3 to 6, and a residual VP monomer level of less than 0.1%, which comprises:(a) precharging a reaction mixture of vinylpyrrolidone monomer and water in a solids contents w/w VP/H.sub.2 O of about 5-50%, and a dual free radical initiator system which comprises both low and high decomposition temperature free radical initiators whose 10-hour half-life temperature decomposition constants differ from each other by more than 5.degree. C., the low and high temperature initiators being present, respectively, in an amount of about 0.05-0.5%, and about 0.1-0.

Abstract: This invention relates to alk-1-enyl etherurethanyl block prepolymers which are curable by cationically initiated radiation and which are defined by the formula ##STR1## wherein m has a value of from 1 to 25;A is C.sub.2 to C.sub.12 alkylene, C.sub.6 to C.sub.14 aryl, both groups optionally substituted with lower alkyl, halo lower alkyl, alkyleneoxy, halogen or aryl;R.sub.1 is alkylene containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms;R.sub.2 is a saturated or unsaturated divalent radical containing from 1 to 14 carbon atoms and is selected from the group of alkylene, alkenylene and arylene, each group optionally substituted with oxygen, halogen, lower alkyl and/or hydroxy;R.sub.3 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl;R.sub.4 is C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkylene, C.sub.6 to C.sub.14 arylene, lower alkyl substituted phenylene or xylylene andR.sub.5 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl.

Abstract: This invention relates to radiation curable alk-1-enyloxy carbonate reaction products of a hydroxylated compound having the formula A-ROH and a dialk-1-enyloxy carbonate having the formula ##STR1## wherein R is a polymeric radical selected from the group of polyester, polyacetal, polyurethane, polyether, and polycarbonate, said polymers containing from about 10 to 50 repeating monomer units;A' is a terminating moiety and is hydrogen, lower alkyl or hydroxy;R' is hydrogen or lower alkyl;B is a linear, branched or cyclic divalent radicalhaving from 2 to 12 carbon atoms and is selected from the group of alkylene, mono or poly alkoxylated alkylene, alkenylene, alkynylene, arylene, alkarylene and aralkylene radicals, which radicals are optionally substituted with halo, lower alkyl, cyano, nitro or alkoxy and m has a value of from 1 to 10.