Abstract: A method for the quantitative monitoring of gene expression without either co-amplification of an added template or use of an endogenous constitutive transcript is provided. The process involves a duplex amplification reaction in which a single set of primers is used to amplify both genomic DNA and expressed mRNA from the same gene sequence. These primers are targeted for sequences flanking the splice junction/intron sequences for the mRNA/DNA respectively. By their use, any suitable nucleic acid amplification technology yields mRNA and DNA amplimers which are distinguishable by length and sequence heterogeneity. These amplimers are present in the final amplification reaction in ratios which are dependent upon the ratios of the expressed mRNA to the DNA in the sample, allowing the quantitation of mRNA in a sample which is normalized to the number of copies of genomic DNA since the genomic DNA acts as the internal quantitation standard, and in effect yields the amount of mRNA per cell.

Abstract: A splash guard assembly for preventing debris splash-back and vehicle damage is described. This assembly permits the tool free, vertical adjustment of a mud flap while attached to a vehicle. Further, the assembly prevents the build-up of debris between itself and the vehicle. The invention may be used, for example, with any vehicle capable of carrying a conventional mud flap, or may be customized to any other vehicle.

Abstract: The invention describes an assay for detecting amplified target nucleic acid sequences with a visual signal. The sensitivity and specificity of the methodology are based on bifunctional target labeling during the amplification step or subsequent hybridization that generates a bifunctional label. The invention may be used, for example, in the screening of amplicon detection for the purpose of more efficiently screening libraries. The invention is also useful to detect nucleic acid sequences indicative of a genetic defect or contagious disease when used with the appropriate primers, as well as detect the existence of nucleic acid amplification.

Abstract: A self-contained device is described that integrates nucleic acid extraction, specific target amplification and detection into a single device. This integration permits rapid and accurate nucleic acid sequence detection. The invention may be used, for example, in the screening for nucleic acid sequences which may be indicative of genetic defects or contagious diseases, as well as for monitoring efficacy in the treatment of contagious diseases.

Abstract: An improved quilt comprising a first, second and third layer of material or fill providing a quilt having superior insulating capabilities and, thus, providing superior warmth to the user. These layers are comprised of at least one layer of fur or simulated fur disposed directly adjacent to a fill layer. Further, the quilt generally, but not necessarily, has a repeating pattern on the third layer of material disposed directly adjacent to the other side of said fill layer. The invention may be used, for example, as bedwear or throw as well as a lap robe.

Abstract: A positive reinforcement bridle bit is described that is useful for training an animal, for example, a horse. Dispensing, at will, a pleasant tasting fluid therefrom, permits the immediate reward of the animal for performing a desired behavior or calming a fear. The invention may be used, for example, for the training of an unbroken colt or green-broke animal, for correction and retraining of problem horses and for further training of previously trained horses.