Abstract: Novel quinone and catechol compositions, compositions containing prodrugs of quinone and catechol compositions, and methods of use for the treatment of solid tumor cancers and other vascular proliferative disorders. The disclosure particularly relates to the discovery of dual activity agents capable of generating both a vascular targeting effect and direct tumor cell cytotoxicity in order to achieve an enhanced anti-tumor response in a patient.

Abstract: The present invention relates to semicarbazone or thiosemicarbazone inhibitors of cysteine proteases and methods of using such compounds to prevent and treat protozoan infections such as trypanosomiasis, malaria and leishmaniasis. The compounds also find use in inhibiting cysteine proteases associated with carcinogenesis, including cathepsins B and L.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to identify a potential toxicity of a therapy in a biological system are described. In one embodiment, a method uses a computer model that represents a set of biological processes of the biological system. The method includes executing the computer model to identify a first set of biological processes contributing to the occurrence of a toxic state of the biological system. The method also includes identifying a set of biological assays based on the first set of biological processes and testing the therapy in the set of biological assays to identify a second set of biological processes modified by the therapy. The method further includes identifying the potential toxicity of the therapy based on the second set of biological processes.

Abstract: The present invention includes methods and apparatus for use in rapid testing for and prediction of a PPAR? response (i.e. a response similar to that of PPAR? agonists). The invention includes a PPAR? response signature comprising a set of twenty genes. The invention discloses methods whereby the differential expression of the genes of the PPAR? response signature may be used to predict whether a compound will induce a PPAR? response in a test subject.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for validating a computer model is described. In one embodiment, a computer-readable medium comprises instructions to associate a set of configurations of a computer model with a stimulus-response test, each configuration of the set of configurations representing a different model scenario, the stimulus-response test defining a modification to each configuration of the set of configurations. The computer-readable medium also comprises instructions to apply the stimulus-response test to the set of configurations to produce a simulated response for each configuration of the set of configurations and instructions to compare the simulated responses for the set of configurations with an expected response to the stimulus-response test.

Abstract: Provided herein are novel and useful combretastatin A-4 prodrug salts that increase the solubility of combretastatin A-4, readily regenerate combretastatin A-4 in vivo under normal physiological conditions, and which produce physiologically tolerable products as a result of the regeneration of combretastatin A-4.

Abstract: Provided herein are novel and useful combretastatin A-4 prodrug salts that increase the solubility of combretastatin A-4, readily regenerate combretastatin A-4 in vivo under normal physiological conditions, and which produce physiologically tolerable products as a result of the regeneration of combretastatin A-4.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for assessing metabolic substrate utilization are described. In one embodiment, a processor-readable medium includes code to receive data indicative of a plasma glucose concentration, a plasma free fatty acid concentration, and a respiratory quotient of a subject. The processor-readable medium also includes code to calculate, based on the data, respective values of a set of metabolic parameters. The set of metabolic parameters includes a first metabolic parameter and a second metabolic parameter. The value of the first metabolic parameter is indicative of whether the subject has a predisposition towards oxidation of a first type of metabolic substrate or a second type of metabolic substrate, and the value of the second metabolic parameter is indicative of the subject's responsiveness to a change in availability of the first type of metabolic substrate or the second type of metabolic substrate.

Abstract: The invention discloses reagent sets and gene signatures for predicting onset of renal tubule injury in a subject. The invention also provides a necessary set of 186 genes useful for generating signatures of varying size and performance capable of predicting onset of renal tubule injury. The invention also provides methods, apparatuses and reagents useful for predicting future renal tubule injury based on expression levels of genes in the signatures. In one particular embodiment the invention provides a method for predict whether a compound will induce renal tubule injury using gene expression data from sub-acute treatments.

Abstract: The invention provides novel compositions, methods, kits, and uses thereof relating to antimetastatic agents useful for treating neoplastic diseases.

Abstract: Provided herein are novel and useful combretastatin A-4 prodrug salts that increase the solubility of combretastatin A-4, readily regenerate combretastatin A-4 in vivo under normal physiological conditions, and which produce physiologically tolerable products as a result of the regeneration of combretastatin A-4.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mathematical and computer model of a joint. The model includes representation of the biological processes related to the synovial tissue and cartilage. In one embodiment, the model represents a human joint afflicted with rheumatoid arthritis.

Abstract: Analogs of combretastatin have been discovered which demonstrate impressive cytotoxicity as well as a remarkable ability to inhibit tubulin polymerization. Such compounds are excellent clinical candidates for the treatment of cancer in humans. In addition, certain of these ligands, as pro-drugs, may well prove to be tumor selective vascular targeting chemotherapeutic agents or to have vascular targeting activity resulting in the selective prevention and/or destruction of nonmalignant proliferating vasculature.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to a mathematical and computer model of diabetes related disorders (e.g., human type 2 diabetes) within the framework of multiple macronutrient metabolism. The model includes a representation of complex physiological control mechanisms directing, for example, fat metabolism, protein metabolism and/or carbohydrate metabolism. In one embodiment, for example, the model can account for the interconversion between macronutrients, as well as their digestion, absorption, storage, mobilization, and adaptive utilization, as well as the endocrine control of these processes. In this embodiment, the model can simulate, for example, a heterogeneous group of diabetes related disorders, from insulin resistant to severe diabetic, and can predict the likely effects of therapeutic interventions.