Abstract: An oil-soluble dispersant containing sulfolane groups therein. The dispersant is made by reacting at least one polycarboxylic acid acylating agent having at least one polyalkene substituent of high or low molecular weight with a (B) polyamine and a (C) sulfolene. Desirably, the polyamine is branched or contains amino side chains and thus contains a plurality of primary amines. The acylating agents are characterized by the presence within their structure of at least 0.5 acylating groups for each equivalent weight of the polyalkene substituent. The compositions are useful in various motor oils, marine oils, automatic transmission fluids and the like.

Abstract: A fuel composition for internal combustion engines, and more particularly, a fuel composition for internal combustion engines containing less than about 0.5 gram of lead per gallon of fuel is described. The fuel provides acceptable valve seat protection in engines designed to operate on leaded fuels. A further aspect of the invention is to reduce deposit formation within the cylinders.

Abstract: The hydrogen sulfide emission of oil-soluble sulfurized organic compounds is reduced by utilizing a hindered amine and optionally a carboxylic acid or acid anhydride in effective amounts.

Abstract: Processes of reducing the inorganic sulfur-containing acid and the low equivalent weight organic sulfonic acid content of an acid mass comprising organic sulfonic components and inorganic sulfonating agent contaminants are described. In general, the process comprises the steps of(a) treating the acid mass with ammonia in the presence of water to neutralize the acids in said acid mass and to form a mixture containing the ammonium salts of said acids.(b) allowing separation of the mixture to provide a lower aqueous phase containing water-soluble ammonium salts and an upper phase comprising the oleophilic alcohol and ammonium salts of the organic sulfonic acids, and(c) recovering at least a portion of said upper phase.The efficiency of the reduction of undesirable materials from the acid mass can be increased by subjecting the recovered upper phase to additional water extractions in the presence of the oleophilic alcohol.

Abstract: Modified asphalt compositions are described which comprise(A) asphalt, and(B) a minor amount, sufficient to reduce or retard degradation of the asphalt in service, of at least one carboxy ester-containing interpolymer derived from(B-1) at least one olefin monomer, and(B-2) at least one alpha, beta-unsaturated carboxylic acid or derivative thereof, said interpolymer having (1) pendant carboxylic acid ester groups derived from the esterification of the carboxy groups of the interpolymer with at least one alcohol containing at least about 4 carbon atoms.Generally, the modified asphalt composition will contain from about 0.01 to about 10% by weight, based on the weight of the asphalt, of the ester of a carboxy interpolymer as defined. The modified asphalt compositions of the present invention are useful in roofing applications and in preparing aggregate-containing asphalt concretes which can be employed as paving compositions.

Abstract: A load-carrying agent and a lubricating composition containing such an agent is disclosed. The agent is preferably comprised of a statistical mixture of a plurality of different coupled phosphorus-containing amide compounds having the formula ##STR1## wherein X.sup.1, X.sup.2 and X.sup.3, independently, is O or S; wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, independently, is a hydrocarbyl, a hydrocarbyl-based oxy, the hydrocarbyl portion of which contains 6 to 22 carbon atoms, or a hydrocarbyl-based thio having from 4 to about 34 carbon atoms; wherein R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6, independently, is hydrogen, or an alkyl having from 1 to about 22 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl having from about 4 to about 22 carbon atoms, or an aromatic, an alkyl-substituted aromatic or an aromatic-substituted alkyl having from 6 to about 34 carbon atoms; wherein n is 0 or 1; wherein n' is 1, 2 or 3; wherein R.sup.7 is hydrogen or an alkyl having from 1 to 22 carbon atoms; and wherein when n' is 1, R.sup.

Abstract: Combinations of carboxylic solubilizers, made by reaction of an acylating agent with an N-(hydroxyl-substituted hydrocarbyl) amine and surfactants are useful in incorporating oil-soluble, water-insoluble functional additives into aqueous systems. Typical solubilizers are made by reacting an alkyl-substituted succinic anhydride containing about 12 to about 500 carbon atoms with an alkanol amine such as diethyl ethanol amine. Typical surfactants are nonionic hydrophilic surfactants such as ethyoxylated phenols and ionic surfactants of both the anionic and cationic type. Typical functional additives are anti-wear, extreme pressure and load-carrying agents such as dithiophosphates. The aqueous systems formed with the aid of such combinations are useful, for example, as water-based hydraulic fluids.

Abstract: A composition is disclosed which comprises a water-dispersible reaction product of (A) at least one compound represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R is a hydrocarbyl group of from about 8 to about 40 carbon atoms, with (B) at least one water-dispersible amine terminated poly(oxyalkylene). Aqueous concentrates and water-based functional fluids comprising these compositions are also disclosed. These reaction products are useful as shear-stable thickeners for such functional fluids.

Abstract: Disclosed are manganese and copper-containing compositions comprising:(A) a manganese containing compound and(B) a copper containing compound,wherein said composition contains from about 0.05 up to about 23 g-atoms of manganese for each g-atom of copper in said composition. Also disclosed are fuel compositions and additive concentrates containing said manganese and copper-containing compositions. Additionally, disclosed is a method for reducing ignition temperature of exhaust particulate from diesel engines which comprises operating said engine using the above-described fuel compositions.

Abstract: This invention relates to a composition comprising the combination of(A) at least one alkyl phenol of the formula(R).sub.a --AR--(OH).sub.b (I)wherein each R is independently a substantially saturated hydrocarbon-based group of an average of at least about 10 aliphatic carbon atoms; a, and b are each independently an integer of one up to three times the number of aromatic nuclei present in Ar with the proviso that the sum of a, b and c does not exceed the unsatisfied valences of Ar; and Ar is an aromatic moiety which is a single ring, a fused ring or a linked polynuclear ring having 0 to 3 optional substituents selected from the group consisting essentially of lower alkyl, lower alkoxyl, carboalkoxy methylol or lower hydrocarbon-based substituted methylol, nitro, nitroso, halo and combinations of said optional substituents, and(B) at least one amino compound with the proviso that the amino compound is not an amino phenol.

Abstract: Lubricants useful in metal working processes, especially cutting, comprise (A) a lubricating oil and (B) a basic alkaline earth metal salt or borated complex thereof. Component B is preferably a basic calcium sulfonate prepared by a specific method. The lubricants may also contain at least one of (C) a specific active sulfur-containing compound and (D) a chlorinated wax.

Abstract: Polymeric compositions are described which comprise a mixture of(A) at least one oil-soluble polymer which is a homopolymer of a non-aromatic monoolefin or a copolymer of said non-aromatic monoolefin with an aromatic monoolefin, and(B-1) at least one nitrogen-containing ester of a carboxy-containing interpolymer, and/or(B-2) at least one oil-soluble acrylate polymerization product of at least one acrylate ester, or a mixture of one or more of (B-1) and (B-2). The polymeric compositions of the invention also may contain (C) an effective amount of at least one viscosity-reducing liquid organic diluent such as a naphthenic oil or an alkylated aromatic material.

Abstract: An ester of a carboxy-containing interpolymer is disclosed, said interpolymer having an RSV of from about 0.05 to about 2. The esterified polymer will include at least an ester group (A) which is a carboxylic ester group having at least about 8 aliphatic carbon atoms in the ester group with the proviso that if the ester group (A) contains less than 28 carbon atoms, the interpolymer ester will include an ester group which is a carboxylic ester group having an ester group of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is a hydrocarbyl group of about 1 to about 50 carbon atoms, R' is a hydrocarbyl group of about 1 to about 50 carbon atoms, y is a number in the range of zero to about 50 and z is a number in the range of zero to about 50 with the proviso that both y and z cannot be zero. The interpolymer may include an ester group (C) which is a carboxylic ester group having no more than 7 aliphatic carbon atoms in the ester group.

Abstract: Dispersant salt compositions are made by reacting phosphorus-free carboxylic solubilizers with sulfonic acid-free organic acids or mineral acids. The carboxylic solubilizer can be made by the reaction of a polycarboxylic acid acylating agent having at least one hydrocarbon-based substitutent of at least 8 to 500 carbon atoms with at least one poly(alkyleneamine). The dispersant salts have good thermal stability when mixed with a surfactant or a hydrophilic organic solvent. The compositions can be used with aqueous solutions to disperse various fillers including carbon black, as well as to solubilize various fluids.

Abstract: This invention relates to non-asphaltic, non-mastic type, water dispersed rust inhibitive coating compositions comprising in admixture a film forming organic polymer and a non-Newtonian colloidal disperse system comprising (1) solid metal containing colloidal particles, (2) a liquid dispersing medium and (3) an organic compound the molecules of which contain a hydrophobic portion and at least one polar substituent.

Abstract: Sulfur-containing, oil-soluble compositions are described which are useful as lubricating oil additives, particularly in lubricants containing little or no phosphorus. In one embodiment, the compositions of the invention comprise (A) at least one metal salt of at least one dithiocarbamic acid of the formulaR.sub.1 (R.sub.2)N--CSSH (I)wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently hydrocarbyl groups in which the total number of carbon atoms in R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is sufficient to render the metal salt oil-soluble, and (B) at least one oil-soluble sulfurized Diels-Alder adduct. Lubricating oil compositions containing the compositions of the invention exhibit improved oxidation-corrosion-inhibiting properties, anti-wear properties, and/or extreme pressure properties. Such lubricating compositions containing less than about 0.1% by weight of phosphorus also exhibit good compatability with nitrile seals.

Abstract: Aqueous systems also are described which comprise at least about 40% of water and an N-acrylated amino hydrocarbyl sulfonic acid or salt composition characterized by the presence within the structure of an imido group or at least one acyl acyloxy or acylimidoyl group attached to the amino nitrogen, said groups being derived from the carboxylic acid groups contained in(a) maleic acid or anhydride, or(b) a hydrocarbyl-substituted polycarboxylic acid or anhydride.The amino hydrocarbyl sulfonic acid or salt compositions are useful as emulsifiers, thickeners, dispersants, etc. in the aqueous systems.

Abstract: Water-based metal-containing organic phosphate compositions which are useful as corrosion-inhibiting coating compositions, metal working lubricants and drilling fluids for well-drilling operations are disclosed.

Abstract: The hydrogen sulfide emission of oil-soluble sulfurized organic compounds is reduced by utilizing a hindered amine and optionally a carboxylic acid or acid anhydride in effective amounts.

Abstract: Sulfur-containing, oil-soluble compositions are described which are useful as lubricating oil additives, particularly in lubricants containing little or no phosphorus. In one embodiment, the compositions of the invention comprise (A) at least one metal salt of at least one dithiocarbamic acid of the formulaR.sub.1 (R.sub.2)N--CSSH (I)wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently hydrocarbyl groups in which the total number of carbon atoms in R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is sufficient to render the metal salt oil-soluble, (B) at least one oil-soluble sulfurized organic compound, and (C) at least one auxiliary corrosion-inhibitor. In other embodiments, the compositions also contain (D) at least one detergent/dispersant. Lubricating oil compositions containing the compositions of the invention exhibit improved oxidation-corrosion-inhibiting properties, anti-wear properties, and/or extreme pressure properties. Such lubricating compositions containing less than about 0.