Abstract: A pressure sensor includes a pressure sensitive element for sensing a distributed fluid pressure and producing a signal in response. The pressure sensitive element is configured to be mountable on an airfoil or a hydrofoil, for example as a thin film piezoelectric element. The sensor finds applications, for example, in measuring lift or drag on the airfoil or hydrofoil.

Abstract: A collapsible chair having a sling that may be used as a carry strap. When the collapsible chair is in an opened configuration, the sling retracts out of the way, but when the collapsible chair is in a closed or collapsed configuration, the sling can be pulled out and slung over the user's shoulder as a carry strap. When the collapsible chair is in the collapsed configuration, and the sling is extended, tension on the sling assists in maintaining the chair in the collapsed position.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for producing a detailed mosaic decoration with a planar top surface. Specifically, this invention provides a multi-level supporting surface or substrate such that a less detailed portion of the mosaic, made up of relatively thicker mosaic materials, is formed atop a base portion of the support substrate, while a more detailed portion of the mosaic, made up of the relatively thinner mosaic materials, is formed atop a raised portion of the support substrate. Thus, both the highly detailed portion of the mosaic, being formed of relatively thinner mosaic materials, and the less detailed portion of the mosaic, being formed of relatively thicker mosaic materials, appear as though they are formed from relatively thicker mosaic materials.

Abstract: A cardiovascular exercise program that includes selectable virtual and real time directed and/or guided exercises particularly adapted for stationary exercise equipment. The program may be performed by individuals in virtual or actual groups. The program allows individual participants to ascertain their ongoing physical conditions such that the participants may customize the exercise program criteria to reflect recognition of such ongoing physical conditions. The program may be performed in a delayed or real-time mode, and includes a particular form of guidance that enables an individual to achieve objectives of self awareness and exercising at appropriate levels through a unique combination of verbal queues, guidance, motivation, entertainment, community, participation, and achievement monitoring. Thus, an individual can increase his or her level of fitness by controlling their perceived level of exertion and the performance of their heart during exercise through guidance and monitoring.

Abstract: This invention produces data packets that can vary in length and/or data compression ratio. First, an algorithm is employed to transform a data signal into fixed or variable length data packets at variable data compression ratios. If the algorithm produces fixed length data packets, the fixed length data packets are then converted to variable length data packets, which include only the valid data bytes of the fixed length data packets. Finally, the variable compression ratio, variable length data packets are provided with length codes at each end of each data packet to facilitate bidirectional searching and decompression. The transition from fixed to variable length data packets employs a buffer which stores the fixed length data packets until the fixed length data packets are converted to variable length data packets.

Abstract: This invention combines meteorological, environmental, or dynamic vehicle data with data specific to a particular craft or vehicle, such as, for example, the weight, speed, acceleration, response characteristics, propulsion, mode of propulsion, and configuration, of a particular aircraft, and produces a simplified display map showing environmental conditions data as the environmental conditions data relates to that specific vehicle. The environmental conditions data is presented on the display map in the form of environmental condition annotations that have different coloring, shading, and/or iconization as determined by the type, severity, and area of the various environmental conditions relative to the vehicle. This invention separately provides travel route optimization for a particular craft or vehicle based on the combination of meteorological and other environmental data with data specific to the particular craft or vehicle.

Abstract: The method of the invention provides a process for a player to choose cards, for that player's “playing deck,” from potentially hundreds of collected cards. According to the invention, each collectible card is assigned to a particular class. The composition of the playing deck is controlled in that the playing deck may only include so many cards from each particular class. The class of a particular card may be indicated in any suitable manner. In accordance with one embodiment, the class is indicated by a series of colored dots. The number of classes may be widely varied. Also, the number of cards in a class may be varied. In accordance with one embodiment, a user may have more cards of one class than another class. Further, the basis upon which the collectible cards are assigned to a particular class may be varied. For example, the cards may be assigned based on power of the cards, versatility of the cards, commonality of the cards, the type of card, as well as any other suitable attribute.

Abstract: This invention provides various systems and methods for integrating individualized, objectively managed, computer-assisted learning and directed instruction. The systems and methods of this invention utilize management information to objectively prescribe an individualized integrated instruction plan, which includes individualized computer-based instruction. The individualized computer-based instruction serves as the core means of instruction for a particular subject, effectively replacing textbooks. Initially, each individual is given a gateway test to determine whether the individual has mastered all of the elementary, foundation skills necessary in the particular subject and identify the individual's fund of knowledge in the subject. From the results of the initial test, each individual's areas of understanding and weakness are revealed.

Abstract: This invention provides a mixing chamber that utilizes several tined cylinders to convey materials through the mixing chamber for applying liquid additives to the materials. Each of the tined cylinders includes a number of spring biased tines extending from the surface of the cylinder. The tined cylinders are arranged within the mixing chamber such that, as the tined cylinders rotate about an axis, the spring biased tines engage the materials within the mixing chamber and “sweep” them along towards a discharge opening of the mixing chamber. As the materials are conveyed through the mixing chamber, an additive liquid, typically containing various chemicals, colorants, dies, and/or paints, is sprayed onto the materials. In this manner, liquid additives are applied to materials more evenly and more thoroughly, resulting in a more consistent finished product.

Abstract: This invention provides various systems and methods for providing an individual with improved emotional awareness and self-mastery. The systems and methods allow an individual to recall a situation in which the he or she experienced negative emotions. Then, the individual is able to analyze the recalled situation to identify specific negative emotions (specifically “flight” or “fight” emotions) experienced during the particular situation. Once the individual has identified specific negative emotions that were experienced during the particular situation, the systems and methods of this invention correlate each identified emotion with an underlying spiritual need. When the appropriate spiritual need(s) have been identified, the systems and methods of this invention identify at least one antidote to the spiritual need(s). The antidote(s) are then relayed to the individual for personal application.

Abstract: This invention includes systems and methods for cleaning ventilation ducts using a dry ice blasting system that is adapted to blast debris from the interior surfaces of ventilation ducts. This invention employs either existing or artificial duct ventilation airflow to evacuate dislodged debris and a filter or filtration system attached to the ventilation system to capture the dislodged debris.

Abstract: This invention improves the stability and control of high-pressure glow discharges by means of a microhllow cathode discharge. The microhollow cathode discharge, which is sustained between two closely spaced electrodes with an opening formed in the electrodes, serves as a plasma cathode for the high-pressure glow. Small variations in the microhollow cathode discharge voltage generate large variations in the microhollow cathode discharge current and consequently in the glow discharge current. In this mode of operation the electrical characteristic of this invention resembles that of a vacuum triode. Using the microhollow cathode discharge as a plasma cathode, stable, dc discharges in argon up to atmospheric pressures can be generated. Additionally, parallel operation of these discharges allows for the generation of large volume plasmas at high gas pressure through superposition of individual glow discharges.

Abstract: This invention combines meteorological and other environmental data with data specific to a particular craft or vehicle, such as, for example, the weight, speed, response characteristics, propulsion, mode of propulsion, and configuration, of a particular aircraft, and produces a simplified display map showing environmental conditions data as the environmental conditions data relates to that specific vehicle. The environmental conditions data is presented on the display map in the form of environmental condition annotations that have different coloring, shading, and/or iconization as determined by the type, severity, and area of the various environmental conditions relative to the vehicle. This invention separately provides travel route optimization for a particular craft or vehicle based on the combination of meteorological and other environmental data with data specific to the particular craft or vehicle.