Abstract: Many varieties of harmful insects which attack useful plant crops can be controlled by treating the plants with compositions containing at least one tetraorganotin compound wherein three of the four hydrocarbon groups bonded to the tin atom are methyl and the remaining group is substituted aromatic or heterocyclic that is either bonded directly to the tin atom or separated from the tin atom by one methylene group. These compounds exhibit unexpectedly superior insecticidal activity relative to organotin compounds containing three methyl groups and a phenyl or an alkyl-substituted phenyl group.

Abstract: Many varieties of harmful insects which attack useful plant crops can be controlled by treating the plants with compositions containing certain novel tetraorganotin compounds wherein three of the four hydrocarbon groups bonded to the tin atom are methyl and the remaining group is phenyl containing specified substituents or heterocyclic and is either bonded directly to the tin atom or separated from the tin atom by one methylene group. The present compounds exhibit unexpectedly superior insecticidal activity relative to prior art organotin compounds containing three methyl groups and a phenyl or an alkyl- substituted phenyl group bonded to the tin atom.

Abstract: A bright decorative plating process for electroplating chromium on a basis metal, characterized by high coverage and throwing power, utilizes a chromic acid plating bath containing the anion of an organic carboxylic acid or a halogenated organic carboxylic acid. The baths are of unprecedentedly high CrO.sub.3 to sulfate ratio, 600-3000:1. They may be of the self-regulating type. They contain a fluoride or complex fluoride as an auxiliary catalyst. The carboxylic acid anion may be added by introducing into the bath the acid itself, or a soluble salt of the acid, or the acid anhydride. The anions of the aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as adipic acid and succinic acid anhydride are preferred. The concentration of the carboxylic acid anion is preferably from 0.5 to 32 grams per liter.

Abstract: The processability and melt strength of halogen-containing polymers derived at least in part from vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride are significantly improved using a conventional external lubricant in combination with an oxidized ethylene polymer exhibiting a melt viscosity of from 1,000 to about 60,000 centipoises at 140.degree. C. and an acid number of at least 5.

Abstract: The rate of the reaction between a polyol and a polyfunctional isocyanate to form a rigid polyurethane foam can be controlled within a wide range, using as the catalyst for said reaction a mixture comprising catalytically effective amounts of an antimony carboxylate, a potassium carboxylate and a zinc carboxylate. The mixture can be used alone or in combination with tertiary amines or tin compounds, both of which are conventionally employed as catalysts for the polyol-isocyanate reaction.

Abstract: The reaction between an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer and an aromatic diamine to form an elastomeric urethane-urea copolymer is accelerated using a quaternary ammonium compound as the catalyst. The quaternary ammonium compound is optionally employed in combination with a mono- or polyfunctional carboxylic acid containing from 4 to 20 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The tendency of dispersions containing trialkyltin fluorides in organic liquids to agglomerate is avoided by using as the dispersion medium specified organic liquids in combination with from 0.5 to 10%, based on the weight of the dispersion, of specified inorganic compounds. The choice of both organic liquid and inorganic compounds is critical to achieving long-term stability of the resultant dispersion.

Abstract: Tricyclopentyltin fluoride effectively controls plant fungi and various types of insects when incorporated into formulations that are applied directly to these organisms or to substrates, including living plants, that are susceptible to infestation with these types of organisms. This compound is particularly advantageous due to its broader activity spectrum and considerably lower phytotoxicity relative to other tricyclopentyltin compounds.

Abstract: This invention pertains to novel aromatic, sulfur-containing triamines of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each alkyl containing from 1 to 3 carbon atoms and Y is ##STR2## The present compounds are useful crosslinking agents that significantly decrease the curing time of elastomeric urethane/urea copolymers.

Abstract: Organotin derivatives of mercaptoalcohol esters that correspond to the general formula ##STR1## wherein R and R' are hydrocarbon and m is 2 or 3, are prepared by sequentially reacting a monoorganotin trihalide with stoichiometric amounts of a base, a mercaptoalcohol, an alkali metal sulfide or disulfide and a carboxylic acid or an ester thereof. The present method offers advantages over the prior art, which teaches reacting an esterified mercaptoalcohol with an organotin halide, oxide or organostannoic acid. Compounds wherein R' is n-heptyl are unique in that they do not exhibit the disagreeable odor that characterizes this class of compounds.

Abstract: An ink composition for use in jet printing comprising an aqueous solution of a water-soluble dye and a humectant consisting of ethylene oxide adducts of at least one acetylenic diol in the absence of any glycol or glycol ether.

Abstract: In accordance with certain of its aspects, this invention relates to stabilizing compositions; to stabilized polymers; and to the process for preparing a novel halogen-containing polymer stabilized against the deteriorative effect of heat which comprises adding to a halogen-containing resin a stabilizing amount of: a first stabilizer having the formula RSn(SR').sub.3 wherein R is selected from the group consisting of methyl, butyl and octyl radicals and R' is a residue of a carboxylic acid ester derived from acetic or propionic acid and a monohydric alcohol containing between 8 and 12 carbon atoms or a dodecyl hydrocarbon radical; and a second stabilizer of the formula R".sub.2 Sn.dbd.S wherein R" represents a monovalent hydrocarbon radical selected from the group consisting of methyl and butyl radicals.

Abstract: In accordance with certain of its aspects this invention relates to a process and composition for the prevention of anode bag clogging in the preparation of an electrodeposit which contains nickel or; binary or ternary alloys of the metals selected from nickel, iron and cobalt; which comprises passing current from an anode to a cathode through an aqueous acidic electroplating solution containing at least one member selected from the group consisting of nickel compounds and cobalt compounds and which may additionally contain iron compounds providing nickel, cobalt and iron ions for electrodepositing nickel, cobalt, nickel-cobalt alloys, nickel-iron alloys, cobalt-iron alloys or nickel-iron-cobalt alloys and containing an amount of oxalic acid break-down product; the improvement comprising the presence of 2.times.10.sup.-3 mole per liter to 1.0 mole per liter of a calcium compound or salt thereby preventing the clogging of anode bags by precipitation of calcium oxalate.

Abstract: In an ink composition suitable for ink jet printing on metal surfaces, the ink incorporating, in solution, a colorant, a resin component, an alcohol-water solvent and optionally an electrolyte, proportioned to give the ink properties of low surface tension, low viscosity and a low resistivity, the improvement comprising the presence of ammonium formate as an electrolyte thereby preventing color degradation or mutation.

Abstract: Protective and decorative coatings for metal are prepared using aqueous polymer compositions consisting essentially of a thermosetting vinyl or acrylic polymer which has been polymerized in the presence of a preformed, crosslinked, elastomeric copolymer. The rate at which the monomers of the thermosetting polymer are added to the reaction mixture is substantially equal to the rate of reaction of these monomers to form the thermosetting polymer. This is believed to result in the formation of minute emulsified particles containing a core of the elastomeric copolymer surrounded by a layer of the thermosetting polymer. The thermosetting polymer contains pendant hydroxyl groups and a latent, heat-activated crosslinking agent.

Abstract: The rise times exhibited by flexible polyurethane foams can be significantly reduced using a stannous salt as the gel catalyst in combination with a blowing catalyst that includes an antimony (III) salt of a carboxylic acid and a potassium salt of a carboxylic acid. A zinc salt of a carboxylic acid can optionally replace a portion of the antimony (III) salt. The present blowing catalysts are particularly useful for preparing dielectrically or ultrasonically heat-sealable foams.

Abstract: The friability exhibited by urethane-modified isocyanurate foams prepared by reacting a polyfunctional isocyanate with a polyol at a ratio of isocyanate equivalents to moles of active hydrogen greater than 6:1 is reduced to an acceptable level using alkali metal salts in combination with certain organotin compounds or stannous salts as the catalyst.

Abstract: An ink composition for use in jet printing comprising an aqueous solution of a water-soluble dye and a humectant consisting of the combination of at least one water-soluble acetylenic compound and the internal anhydride of at least one carboxylic acid in a ratio of 90:1 of the former to 1:90 of the latter.

Abstract: Heat-resistant, polyorganosiloxane elastomers are prepared by reacting a linear, difunctional polyorganosiloxane with a silicon-containing crosslinking agent and a stannous salt of a monoethylenically unsaturated monohydroxy monocarboxylic acid as the curing catalyst. A filler can optionally be included in the formulation. The present catalysts are unique in that they impart a relatively long working life to the uncured composition yet do not catalyze the depolymerization reaction at elevated temperatures as do conventional organotin catalysts such as dibutyltin dilaurate.

Abstract: The curing time for articles prepared by reacting an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer with an aromatic diamine to form an elastomeric urethane/urea copolymer is significantly decreased using a tris(2,4,6-aminophenylthiomethyl)1,3,5-trihydrocarbyl substituted benzene as the crosslinking agent.