Abstract: Gamma alumina having a sodium content of less than 0.01 weight percent sodium calculated as Na.sub.2 O and said alumina modified with silicon were found to be superior catalysts for the isomerization of alkenes having at least four carbon atoms, preferably with 0.01 to 1 mole of water per mole of alkene present during the isomerization. Both skeletal isomerization (e.g. n-butene to isobutene) and position isomerization (e.g. butene-2 to butene-1) are obtained.