Abstract: The invention comprises an adhesive composition and accompanying coated substrate, such as prepasted wallpaper. The composition is formed from a low viscosity, wall in oil emulsion which comprises a mixture of at least two emulsions of substantially linear, water soluble, high molecular weight cationic and anionic polymers; the anionic polymers comprising monomers selected from anionic monomers and mixtures of anionic monomers with non-ionic monomers and the cationic polymers comprising monomers selected from cationic monomers and mixtures of cationic monomers with non-ionic monomers.The adhesive composition and the coated substrates exhibit excellent qualities, particularly an improved resistance to excess water absorption during usage.

Abstract: Disclosed are new piezoelectric/pyroelectric materials of polarized homopolymer and copolymers of trifluorovinyl acetate. Also disclosed is a unique predictive relationship for determining the piezoelectricity of unknown material.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for starch adhesive bonding of paper, paperboard, and natural cellulosic-fiber materials, especially liner and fluted corrugating medium, into manufactured items, particularly corrugated board. The method includes applying an adhesive coating, comprising starch and water, to a first substrate (e.g. tips of flutes of a corrugated medium), contacting the applied coating with another substrate (e.g. liner) and while so positioned contacting an exterior surface of at least one of the substrates with an ultrasonic energy generating means so as to transmit ultrasonic energy to the adhesive coating to increase coating adhesion to the substrates.

Abstract: A moist ligno-cellulosic mass was impregnated under cooling with HCl gas then it was warmed up in order to cause said mass to hydrolyze and the excess of acid to escape, the brewing action consecutive to said desorption improving the efficiency of said hydrolysis.

Abstract: A method for delignifying ligno-cellulosic materials and efficiently separate from each other the constituents thereof. Said materials are heated in an aqueous acid medium in the presence of phenol compounds. Then the reaction medium is drained and washed for isolating the purified solid cellulose pulp, the liquid phase separating into two layers: an aqueous layer rich with pentoses and an organic layer rich with phenols and lignin, the latter providing, by distillation and pyrolysis of the residue, a quantity of phenols at least equal to that of the phenols used in the delignification stage.

Abstract: An acrylic-acid- based photopolymerizable composition is prepared which is capable of binding bioactive substances after being photopolymerized. The composition may be applied as a coating on a carrier substrate, photopolymerized and a bioactive substance fixed thereto. The composition adheres well to any usual carrier substrates, and its degree of hydrophilicity and permeability can be adapted to needs. The composition contains acrylic acid, a photoinitiator which is an aromatic ketone compound, a photopolymerization activator and adhesion promotor which is an amino-alcohol, acrylate or methacrylate, and a copolymerizable olefinic monomer which contains a reactive functional group capable of binding bioactive substances. The olefinic monomer is preferably N-hydroxysuccinimide acrylate, N-hydroxysuccinninimde amidocaproate, epoxypropyl acrylate or 2-isocyanato-ethyl acrylate.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of coating a surface 21 of a substrate 20, or of an article, of a material, such as glass, metal, ceramic, cloth or the like, with a colored film-like polymeric coating 22 consisting essentially of a plasma formed polymer matrix 23 containing therein particulates 24. The method comprises introducing plasma-polymerizable material through at least one conduit 30 into the interior region 14 of an appropriate apparatus 10, 35, or 39 in which region 14 there is maintained an electrical discharge conducive to plasma polymerize the introduced material and deposit it on surface 21 concurrently with a depositing therewith of the particulates 24, or color centers, of a size and in a distribution adapted through selective scattering and adsorption of light to provide a desired color while the substrate 20 contacts, or is, a cathode element 19 maintained at an electrical potential conducive for the depositing.

Abstract: Normally solid materials, e.g. metals or metal alloys, are provided as solid particulates, and preferably as fine spherical to almost spherical, as well as fiber-like, particulates, including solid particulates of a metallic glassy structure, by contacting a molten stream of the material, which at a temperature within 25 percent of its equilibrium melting point .degree.K. has a surface tension of 10 to 2500 dynes/cm. and a viscosity of 0.001 to 1 poise, preferably from 10.degree. C. to 100.degree. C. above its melting point, with a rapidly moving wall of a centrifugally disposed rotating liquid quench fluid, e.g. water or an oil, etc., in a manner adapted to disrupt the stream with breaking of the stream into molten globules or particles and to quench rapidly those globules or particles into the solid particulates. The produced solid particulates subsequently are separated from the liquid quench fluid and classified to find utility for example in powder metallurgical applications.

Abstract: A mass of normally solid material, e.g. metal or metal alloy, which at a temperature within 25 percent of its equilibrium melting point .degree.K has a surface tension of 10 to 2500 dynes/cm. and a viscosity of 0.001 to 1 poise, is changed into fine solid particulates, preferably flake-like to almost spherical shape. A solid mass of the material has a portion thereof, e.g. tip or edge, unconfined by a crucible or the like, heated, such as by a flame or electron beam to alter that portion to a molten state whereby molten droplets or globules fall therefrom to contact a rapidly moving wall of a centrifugally disposed rotating liquid quench fluid, e.g. water or oil, and upon contacting are disrupted and broken up into finer globules or particles which are swept away with and quenched in the rapidly moving quench fluid to become rapidly solidified as fine particulates.

Abstract: Methods and devices are disclosed for generating acoustic pulses in a water or land medium, e.g., for use in seismic investigations. The pulse amplitudes, waveshapes, and frequencies can be controlled by signals that may originate at a remote location. Compressed gas is confined at high pressure in a valve chamber (12, 194). An initiating signal causes the opening of a passage (54, 56, 192) from the chamber into the medium to initiate the rise of a pressure pulse therein. A second signal causes the closing of the passage in a manner such that the initial rise of the pressure pulse is limited by the closure of the passage. In one device, the passage is opened by one sleeve valve member (60) and closed by another sleeve valve member (58). In another device the passage is opened by a sleeve valve member (196) whose motion to open the passage is arrested substantially instantaneously by transferring its momentum to a momentum exchange sleeve (246) that is then gradually decelerated.

Abstract: Dielectric heating with microwaves of saturated solid noncarbon adsorbents to remove the adsorbed materials results in more rapid, efficient and safe regeneration than conventional heating. The microwaves heat the adsorbents internally and in the absence of spark discharges without thermal and mechanical degradation of the adsorbent, and also in the absence of activating gas bring the adsorbents to a temperature sufficient to desorb the adsorbate. Separation of a gas mixture into two concentrated streams of its components is enabled by adsorption of one fraction by a selective adsorbent followed by removal of that fraction with dielectric heating and little or no purge gas. Useful by-products of the separation process are thereby economically recovered.

Abstract: A deposit of cubic boron nitride is placed on a substrate by an activated reactive evaporation method. The method includes: supporting and heating a substrate in vacuum; evaporating metal vapors into a zone between the substrate and a metals alloy source, said source consisting essentially of at least 60 percent by weight to balance of boron with from 2 to 12 percent by weight of aluminum and at least 0.2 to 24 percent by weight of at least one of cobalt, nickel, manganese, or other aluminide forming element; introducing ammonia gas into the zone; and generating an electrical field in the zone for ionizing the metal vapors and gas atoms in the zone. In the method the substrate generally is heated to a temperature of at least 300.degree. C. with preferred substrate temperatures between about 500.degree. C. and 1100.degree. C., the ammonia gas pressure preferably is about 1.times.10.sup.-4 torr to 8.times.10.sup.

Abstract: A gaseous (C.sub.1 to C.sub.4) hydrocarbon mixture having a high methane content (at least 80 percent by volume on a carbon dioxide-free basis) is obtained by passing a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide at a volume ratio of about 47:53 to 60:40 at a temperature between about 350.degree. to about 450.degree. C. and a pressure of about 200 p.s.i.g. to about 10,000 p.s.i.g. at a volumetric space velocity of about 500 to about 6000 in contact with a sulfur resistant catalyst comprising an interspersed mixture of cobalt oxide, aluminum oxide and zinc oxide. The catalyst comprises about 1 to about 15 weight percent of cobalt oxide, about 15 to about 60 weight percent of aluminum oxide and about 35 to about 70 weight percent of zinc oxide.

Abstract: Acid and base catalyst substances are employed in the photochemical process for collection and retrieval of solar energy wherein a lower energy level isomer (e.g. trans-isomer) of a photochemical isomerizable compound is exposed to solar energy of a wavelength providing a higher energy level isomer (e.g. cis-isomer) of this isomerizable compound and this higher energy level isomer subsequently is transformed to its lower energy level isomer with exothermic release of thermal energy for useful purposes. In this process the transforming or conversion of the higher energy level isomer to its lower energy level isomer is facilitated by the presence of and/or contacting with the acid or base catalyst substance.

Abstract: Low boiling (C.sub.1 to C.sub.4) aliphatic hydrocarbons are obtained by passing a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide at a molar ratio of about 1:2 to 2:1 at a temperature between about 350.degree. and about 450.degree. C. and a pressure of about 600 p.s.i.g. to about 10,000 p.s.i.g. at a volumetric hourly space velocity of about 200 to about 6000 in contact with catalyst comprising a sulfided, interspersed mixture of cobalt oxide, aluminum oxide and zinc oxide. The catalyst, prior to sulfiding, comprises about 1 to about 15 weight percent of cobalt oxide, about 55 to about 85 weight percent of aluminum oxide and about 15 to about 30 weight percent of zinc oxide.

Abstract: Low boiling (C.sub.1 to C.sub.4) aliphatic hydrocarbons are obtained by passing a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide at a molar ratio of about 1:2 to 2:1 at a temperature between about 350.degree. and about 450.degree. C. and a pressure of about 600 p.s.i.g. to about 10,000 p.s.i.g. at a volumetric hourly space velocity of about 200 to about 6000 in contact with catalyst comprising a sulfided, interspersed mixture of cobalt oxide, aluminum oxide and zinc oxide. The catalyst, prior to sulfiding, comprises about 1 to about 15 weight percent of cobalt oxide, about 55 to about 85 weight percent of aluminum oxide and about 15 to about 30 weight percent of zinc oxide.

Abstract: A joint of beam and column-type members comprising essentially concrete of the type wherein intersecting elongate members of reinforcing steel or the like, confined with supporting members in the form of reinforcing hoops, stirrup-ties, supplementary crossties, or the like in the joint region, provide sufficient strength and ductility in the joint to withstand satisfactorily a predetermined amount of reversed flexure. A special concrete mix is prepared with fibers having a modulus of elasticity of at least about 20 million psi substantially uniformly distributed therein with an average spacing between fibers of up to about 0.3 inch and in a quantity sufficient to provide at least a predetermined flexural strength, and the joint is formed with said concrete mix and such intersecting elongate members, the number of said supporting members in the joint region being less than are required to provide said sufficient strength and ductility with concrete not containing any such fibers.

Abstract: Low boiling (C.sub.1 to C.sub.3) aliphatic hydrocarbons are obtained by passing a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide at a volume ratio of about 45:55 to 60:40 at a temperature between about 350.degree. and about 500.degree. C. and a pressure of about 200 p.s.i.g. to about 10,000 p.s.i.g. at a volumetric hourly space velocity of about 200 to about 6000 in contact with a catalyst comprising an interspersed mixture of cobalt oxide, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide and molybdenum oxide. The catalyst comprises about 0.2 to about 2.0 weight percent of cobalt oxide, about 55 to about 95 weight percent of aluminum oxide, about 5 to about 15 weight percent of zinc oxide and about 2 to about 20 weight percent of molybdenum oxide.

Abstract: An invention relating to photochemical collection, storage, and retrieval of solar energy through exposing to solar energy in the visible light spectrum of a photochemical valence isomerizable composition for a time converting a significant portion thereof to an intramolecular strained ring structure of higher energy content, retaining the higher energy content intramolecular strained ring structure until energy release is desired therefrom, and subsequently initiating conversion of the higher energy content intramolecular strained ring structure to its initial molecular structure through application of heat and/or catalyst thereto with a resultant exothermic conversion releasing heat in excess of that requisite for initiating and continuing the conversion and with the heat in excess thereof available for useful thermal applications; in the preferred method embodiment employing an organic valence isomerizable compound of a structure which includes two reactive carbon-to-carbon double bonds oriented in relatio

Abstract: For collection, retrieval, and utilization of solar energy, there is taught a process and an apparatus wherein a photochemical fluid, containing an isomerizable compound, is passed through a collector for exposure to solar radiation to transform the isomerizable compound to a higher energy level isomer. The irradiated fluid leaving the collector passes in heat exchange relationship with photochemical fluid entering the collector and then proceeds into a trigger reactor means. In the trigger reactor means, higher energy level isomer in the irradiated fluid is triggered, such as by heat and/or catalyst contact, to revert to an isomerizable composition of a lower energy level isomer with exothermic release of heat in excess of that requisite for maintaining conversion of higher energy level isomer to lower energy level isomer.