Abstract: In one aspect of this invention, a system and process for controlling a fluid actuated retarder is disclosed. This includes an input mechanism and an electronic controller for receiving a signal from the input mechanism, including a value for a desired retarder control level. Also, there is a proportional solenoid valve that is actuated by the electronic controller. The proportional solenoid control valve is operatively connected to a proportional retarder spool valve and the proportional retarder spool valve is operatively connected to a fluid actuated retarder.

Abstract: A method for applying a functionally gradient coating on a component, having a surface and subjected to one or more of rolling, sliding, abrasion and bending contacts, including the step of thermally spraying a functionally gradient material (FGM) on said surface that forms an FGM coating, said FGM coating having a thickness, a plurality of material compositions and a plurality of elastic modulus profiles. Each elastic modulus profile consists of a plurality of elastic modulii at a plurality of corresponding points within that thickness. The elastic modulii are in the range from about 28 Mpsi to about 60 Mpsi. Optionally, there is also a plurality of carbon content profiles.

Abstract: A system and process for providing different levels of jerk in response to speed pedal displacement in a machine including a speed pedal having a range of displacement, a continuously variable transmission, a mechanism for measuring output speed of the continuously variable transmission, and an electronic controller for generating a jerk command signal that is in a one-to-one correspondence with the displacement of the speed pedal and shaping the jerk command signal into a velocity profile command that is applied to the continuously variable transmission and then comparing the output speed of the continuously variable transmission with the velocity profile command for controlling the continuously variable transmission.

Abstract: A recoil and slack adjustment mechanism for tensioning an endless track chain of an undercarriage assembly of a work machine includes a ram assembly and an accumulator assembly. The ram assembly includes a ram housing having a ram chamber defined therein. A recoil ram is movably housed within the ram chamber. The recoil ram has a ram subchamber defined therein. The tensioning ram is movably housed within the ram subchamber and is coupled to a front idler roller of the undercarriage assembly. A check valve is disposed between the ram chamber and the ram subchamber such that fluid pressure from the accumulator assembly is selectively exerted on the tensioning ram thereby urging the front idler roller so as to bias the track chain of the undercarriage assembly. The recoil and slack adjustment assembly provides continuous, constant tensioning of the track chain, and does not require the use of live hydraulics.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for providing an automated back-up alarm on a mobile machine including a back-up detector to detect enablement of rearward motion by the mobile machine, a visual indicator, an audible indicator, and a controller. The apparatus detects enablement of rearward motion by the mobile machine and a parameter representative of ambient light, and responsively activates one of the visual indicator and the audible indicator as a function of the mobile machine being enabled to move in a rearward direction and the parameter representative of ambient light.

Abstract: An improved method for manufacturing a solenoid. The method includes the step of providing a single piece ferromagnetic housing. The method also includes the step of forming a groove around the perimeter of the housing. The method further includes the step of filling the groove with a non-ferromagnetic material such that the non-ferromagnetic material forms an annular ferromagnetic piece that spans the entire groove in the housing. Finally, the method includes the step of removing an inside portion of the housing such that two separate ferromagnetic pieces are formed joined by the non-ferromagnetic piece.

Abstract: An electrohydraulic control system for loading a bucket of a work machine includes sensors for producing signals representative of bucket position and forces. A command signal generator receives the signals and calculates a target angle on the basis of accumulated energy, and a force vector angle representing actual forces produced at an reference point on the bucket. Lift and tilt command signals are modified in response to differences between the target and actual angles, and used to controllably extend the lift cylinder to raise the bucket through the material, while racking the bucket at rates calculated to efficiently capture the material.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling an electrohydraulic system of a work machine having an engine that drives a variable displacement pump is disclosed. A pump displacement setting device produces a pump command signal indicative of a desired displacement of the variable displacement pump. An engine speed setting device produces an engine command signal indicative of a desired rotational speed of the engine. A power manager receives the pump and engine command signals, determines an efficient engine speed and pump displacement, and produces an engine control signal that decreases the engine speed to the efficient engine speed and a pump control signal that increases the pump displacement to an efficient pump displacement, while maintaining a substantially constant pump flow rate.

Abstract: In one aspect of this invention, a fluid actuated clutch is disclosed. The fluid actuated clutch is operatively connected to a control valve that is activated by an electronic controller that receives a signal from an input mechanism. The system and method includes detecting an instantaneous clutch slip and detecting when the instantaneous clutch slip is less than an average of a predetermined number of cycles of instantaneous clutch slip that is divided by a predetermined factor. This condition represents the end-of-fill point for the fluid actuated clutch.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling an electrohydraulic system of a work machine having an engine that drives a variable displacement pump is disclosed. The apparatus includes a pump displacement setting device that produces a pump command signal, a pressure sensor that detects the fluid pressure associated with the variable displacement pump and produces a pressure signal, and an engine speed sensor that detects the speed of the engine and produce an engine speed signal. A microprocessor computes the torque demand on the engine in response to the desired pump displacement, determines a torque limit associated with the engine in response to the engine speed, and responsively modifies the pump command signal to limit the engine torque.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining a position of a work implement of a work machine in a site coordinate system. The position of the work implement is defined as the position in the site coordinate system of two fixed points located on the work implement. The apparatus includes first and second position sensors mounted on the work implement. A pitch sensor connected to the work implement senses a pitch of the work implement and responsively produces a pitch signal. A cross slope sensor connected to the work implement senses a cross slope of the work implement and responsively produces a cross slope signal. A rotation sensor connected to the work implement senses a rotation of the work implement and responsively produces a rotation sensor.

Abstract: A contamination sensor is provided for use in a fluid system and machinery to continuously monitor the level of contaminants in a fluid. The contamination sensor includes a source of light that is directed into the fluid stream with three photodetector arrangements detecting light scattered by contaminants contained in the fluid. The first photodetector arrangement is located near the origin of the source of light. The second photodetector arrangement is located farther away from the source of light. The third photodetector arrangement is located perpendicular to the axis of the light beam and spaced from the source of light along the axis of the light beam. The simultaneous detected scattered light from a contaminant in the fluid is converted to electrical signals by the photodetectors, conditioned by a signal conditioning circuit and transferred to a signal processing unit for interpretation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a site database structure for storing data for access by an application program being executed on a control system on a work machine. The work machine operates at a work site. The data representing a parameter of the work site. A data structure is stored in the memory. The data structure includes information resident in a database used by the application program. A plurality of data objects are associated with the data structure. Each data object represents a defined section of the work site and is represented by a set of predefined coordinates. At least one layer object is associated with each data object. Each layer object has a predefined number of cell objects. Each cell object has an associated value of the parameter.

Abstract: An antifrictional aluminum alloy and a method for making an aluminum alloy without lead are provided. The alloy has improved tribological characteristics and a base composition, in weight percent as follows:Silicon: 3.0-6.0Copper: 2.0-5.0Zinc: 0.5-5.0Magnesium: 0.25-0.5Nickel: 0.2-0.6Tin: 0.5-5.0Bismuth: 0.1-1.0Iron: up to 0.7Aluminum: essentially the balance.

Abstract: A welding apparatus includes a welding torch and a workpiece support. The welding apparatus also includes a circuit for creating a first voltage drop between the welding torch and the workpiece support so as to generate heat which melts a quantity of weld wire, the creating circuit having a power supply. The apparatus system further includes a power cable which is electrically interposed between the power supply and the welding torch. Additionally, the welding apparatus includes a circuit for measuring a second voltage drop across the power cable at the same time the first voltage drop is being created by the creating circuit. A method of operating a welding system is also disclosed.

Abstract: Robotic machines, such as mobile manipulators, are controlled by a relatively high-level script while changes in the environment are accommodated by including parameters in the script. Sensors, manual inputs, and other software can be used as sources of data for setting the values of the parameters. The high-level script includes sets of instructions with each set defining movement of one portion of the robotic machine, such as a joint of the manipulator. The several sets of instructions are executed concurrently in a primary script. One or more secondary scripts, each containing concurrently executed sets of instructions may be executed when an abnormal condition is detected. The movements performed by the robotic machine are generally defined by the instructions, but precisely how the movements are performed is determined by the values of the parameters. By using parameterized scripts, it is unnecessary to compute and track trajectories.

Abstract: A hand-operated dual joystick for a motor grader is disclosed. The dual joystick comprises a first joystick having a ledge and a switch, and a second joystick that is significantly smaller than the first joystick. The second joystick is mounted to the ledge of the first joystick. The first joystick is moveable along a first axis and a second axis that are perpendicular to each other. In addition, the first joystick is rotatable about a third axis that is perpendicular to the first axis and to the second axis. The second joystick is moveable along the first axis and the second axis. Movement of the first joystick and the second joystick is used to control a plurality of motor grader functions. The dual function joystick permits an operator to control a plurality of the motor grader functions from a single location thus reducing operator fatigue.

Abstract: A motor grader vehicle control apparatus is provided including first and second joystick assemblies for controlling a blade and vehicle drive and steering systems. Additional control mechanisms are included on the joystick assemblies to provide further control of the blade and vehicle systems. Movement of the joystick assemblies correspond to operations of the blade and vehicles systems in an ergonomic and intuitive manner.

Abstract: A system and apparatus for evacuating air from an at least partially enclosed space around an internal combustion engine including an exhaust pipe for the flow of combustion products to atmosphere. The present system and apparatus includes a shaft and structure for mounting the shaft to the exhaust pipe in the exhaust path, and an impeller mountable for rotation on the shaft, the impeller including a first rotor having at least one vane or blade positioned in the exhaust path and oriented so as to be rotatably driven by the flow of combustion products, and a second rotor connected in rotatably driven communication to the first rotor, the second rotor including at least one vane or blade positioned and oriented for propelling air within the enclosure for evacuating the air therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electro-hydraulic steering system for an articulated vehicle having a front frame and a rear frame. The system includes a controller and a hydraulic steering system having a pump for providing hydraulic pressure. A steering input control, typically a steering wheel, transmits mechanical steering inputs to the hydraulic steering system. A pair of articulation cylinders rotate the front frame with respect to the rear frame in response to hydraulic pressure to steer the vehicle. Position sensors transmit input signals to the controller indicating the position of the steering input control and each of the articulation cylinders. An electro-hydraulic valve receives electrical control signals from the controller to control the hydraulic pressure to each articulation cylinder. In this manner, the present invention can perform steering performance enhancements, such as snubbing, steering jerk limit control, and electronic steering adjustment.