Abstract: Provided are a sensor network structure, a data aggregation method, and a clustering method for efficient multi-target tracking. The multi-target tracking may be efficiently performed in a heterogeneous sensor network by combining clustering methods and adaptively varying the clustering methods. As such, an energy consumption problem in a sensor network may be reduced, and a data transmission delay problem or a data traffic problem may be solved by reducing the amount of data to be transmitted.

Abstract: An anti-leak device for a tube container is disclosed, to have a predetermined amount of contents in the tube container be continuously extruded and then prevent more extrusion, and to prevent infiltration of external air. The anti-leak device includes a main body having a head with a tube outlets and a connection groove, and a leakage prevention unit having an opening and closing part, an insertion part and a fixed part. The opening and closing part is inserted in an inlet path of the insertion part. The insertion part is inserted in the fixed part having a discharge hole and engaged with the connection groove, thereby forming a movement space for the opening and closing part to reciprocate between the tube outlet and the insertion part. The opening and closing part directly opens and closes the tube outlet not to allow external air into the main body.

Abstract: A communication apparatus generates a digital detection signal including a plurality of time symbols by digital-converting a detection signal corresponding to a received signal, estimates an average power value of the detection signal by calculating average power of the digital detection signal based on the digital detection signal, and performs UWB communication through a predetermined first channel when a predetermined reference power value is greater than the average power value.

Abstract: Provided are a MAC method and a method for transmitting data using the same in a WLAN. The MAC method includes: transmitting a bandwidth scheduling report frame for informing information on downlinks and uplinks allocated to a terminal by including the bandwidth scheduling report frame in one of the downlinks where the bandwidth scheduling report frame includes a plurality of downlinks, a plurality of uplinks, and a plurality of short uplinks and the number of the plurality of downlinks is equal to the number of the plurality of uplinks; receiving a bandwidth request frame for requesting bandwidth allocation through one of the uplinks; and allocating a bandwidth to each of the terminals by an unit of the downlink and the uplink.

Abstract: An apparatus for managing a plurality of RFID readers includes a service policy managing unit that defines demands in the form of service policies to be understood by the plurality of RFID readers, a data processing rule managing unit that generates a data processing rule on the basis of the service policies, a collected data processing unit that receives a plurality of RFID tag data from the plurality of RFID readers, and generates integrated RFID events by applying the data processing rule to the plurality of RFID tag data, and a service report processing unit that provides results corresponding to the integrated RFID events.

Abstract: A performance inspection system for an array ultrasound transducer includes: a driver for selectively applying an electric signal to all or some parts of constituent channels of the array ultrasound transducer; an acoustic power measurement unit for measuring an ultrasound acoustic power emitted from individual channels receiving the same voltage from the driver; a radiation conductance conversion unit for measuring a voltage signal applied to each channel although the driver applies different voltages to the individual channels, and converting the measured voltage into an ultrasound acoustic power acquired when the same voltage is applied to the channels; and a channel uniformity estimation unit for estimating uniformity of the acoustic power value acquired by the radiation conductance conversion unit or uniformity of acoustic power values of the individual channels measured under the same voltage.

Abstract: An online integrated shopping mall service system registers manufacturing/enterprises, SOHO distribution enterprises, and SOHO trade enterprises as enterprise members, provides the shopping mall with commodities, sells the commodities, and manages the sales record of the commodities. If a member is a shopping-mall founder, a sideline-person, a SOHO distribution enterprise, or a SOHO trade enterprise, the system assigns a free retail-client shopping mall to the member, such that the member sells commodities at retail in the client shopping mall, performs the shopping mall management, registers commodities as regular commodities to be sold in the client shopping mall, and assigns lower client shopping malls to others. The system assigns a specific administrator who satisfies a predetermined condition to a wholesale-qualified member capable of managing the wholesale shopping mall, assigns the wholesale shopping mall to the qualified member, and sells the commodities at wholesale.

Abstract: A buckle has plug and socket members which are detachably coupled to each other. The plug member having a base part, a pair of lock arms which project from the base part to be elastically coupled to the socket member, a guide rod which projects from the base part between the pair of lock arms, and bridges which extend from the base part inside the pair of lock arms and are connected to distal ends or middle portions of inner surfaces of the lock arms. The socket member have a chamber which is defined by an upper plate, a lower plate and sidewalls connecting the upper and lower plates and is open at a distal end thereof to receive the pair of lock arms and the guide rod, and engagement parts which are formed outside the chamber to allow distal end portions of the lock arms to be engaged therewith.

Abstract: A method for management of a base station according to the present invention includes: entering a first interval when a terminal is not present in a region of a first cell managed by the base station; receiving an interval switching request when the terminal enters a second cell that is larger than the first cell while including the first cell; and switching into a second interval other than the first interval in accordance with the interval switching request.

Abstract: A differential data transferring system and method uses three level voltages to simultaneously transfer three signals (for example, two data signals and one clock signal) across two transfer line sets (i.e., four transfer lines). Therefore, the differential data transferring method increases transferring efficiency by using fewer transfer lines. Also, according to the differential data transferring system and method, one of two transfer lines forming a transfer line set is controlled to a middle voltage level, while the other transfer line is controlled to either a high voltage or a low voltage. Accordingly, the voltage difference between the two transfer lines may be maintained at a constant amplitude. Additionally, the difference between first and second dividing voltages DC1 and DC2, which are used for generating a reference output data, is controlled to maintain a constant amplitude. Therefore, the differential data transferring system and method may provide improved operation reliability.

Abstract: A pad layout structure of a driver IC chip of a liquid crystal display device includes dummy power pads and dummy ground pads, which are disposed in corners of the driver IC chip and are connected to main power pads and main ground pads by metal lines in a chip-on-film (COF) package. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the resistance of power supply lines and ground lines, to minimize a power dip of a block located far away from the main power pads and main ground pads, and to prevent a failure in power application, which may occur due to a decrease of adhesive strength at a specific position, by dispersing the adhesion positions of the power pads and ground pads.

Abstract: A mini bike for strengthening a leg muscle, and for enjoying amusement and a leisure time is provided. The mini bike having a pedal as a power generator includes: a driver having a first bevel gear in order to transmit rotation power generated by a rolling motion of a pedal; a second bevel gear installed to transmit rotation power generated in the driver; a first power transmission gear coaxially installed in the second bevel gear to transmit rotation power to a spline shaft; a clutch positioned at the spline shaft to selectively connect rotation power of the first power transmission gear to a first gearshift and a second gearshift and for controlling a low speed and a high speed; a first driving gear and a second driving gear for rotating by selection of the clutch; and a driving controller including a gearshift in which the clutch is connected to the cable in order to select the first gearshift and the second gearshift.

Abstract: Disclosed is a synchronization method between a reader and tag according to an example embodiment, the method including: transmitting, by the reader, a first write command message to the tag at a first time; detecting, by the tag, the first write command message from the reader at a second time and transmitting a first response message to the reader in response to the first write message; transmitting, by the reader, a second write command message including first time information of the first time to the tag; and correcting, by the tag, a clock offset using a difference between the first time and the second time.

Abstract: Conventional bottom blade type flight vehicles have a complex structure and complex flying control operations in that several pairs of fixing plates, and forward/backward and left and right rotation adjustment blades are separately mounted and adjusted to remove the anti-torque of the flight vehicle caused by the rotation of the propellers and to fly the flight vehicle, so that the flight vehicles has difficulties in scouting and surveillance of an indoor area due to the heavy weight and the great volume. The flight vehicle of the disclosure continuously rotates in a state in which the anti-torque is not removed by one adjustment blade. The flight vehicle stops, ascends, descends, advances forward, backward, leftward, or rightward, or left or right rotates, performs flight in a narrow space, scouting and surveillance in an indoor area with a simple structure, simple control, light weight, and small size, and increases power efficiency.

Abstract: Provided are a separation type unit pixel for preventing sensitivity reduction to prevent a depletion area from decreasing and a method of driving the unit pixel. The separation type unit pixel for preventing sensitivity reduction includes: a substrate; a photodiode constructed with a junction of a P-type diffusion area and an N-type diffusion area which are formed under a surface of the substrate in a vertical direction; a gate electrode conductor which is disposed on an upper portion of the surface of the substrate to be adjacent to the N-type or P-type diffusion area; a floating diffusion area formed to be adjacent to another surface of the gate electrode conductor; and a sensitivity reduction preventing conductor disposed on an upper portion of the photodiode area to cover the photodiode area.

Abstract: Provided is a method of exactly calculating the delay of a gate in a digital integrated circuit (IC) that drives a capacitive load and a noise current source based on a crosstalk effect due to capacitive coupling between adjacent conductive lines, the method calculates the delay of the gate by using an output waveform that sums an output waveform of a linear time-varying output resistance model generated by using a gate output resistance library generated by using input and output voltage values of the digital IC and an output waveform of a modified Thevenin equivalent model of the gate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an AFPM coreless multi-generator and motor. The present invention is characterized in that the stator includes coils arranged between upper and lower jig plates made of a non-magnetic material, cooling insulating oil is filled in a space where the coils are mounted between the upper and lower jig plates and is sealed by both lateral plates, and one of the both lateral plates is fixedly coupled to the housing of the generator so as to allow the housing to perform thermal conduction. Also, the rotor includes magnets arranged on a rotor disc in a circular arc shape and a yoke element formed integrally with the rotor disc near a central portion thereof in such a fashion as to vertically protrude by a predetermined height. The rotor disc is fixedly mounted to the rotary shaft, and the yoke element is engaged with a yoke element of another rotor correspondingly adjacent to the rotor so as to allow the engaged yoke elements to serve as a passageway of a magnetic field.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for demodulating a subcarrier tag signal in a radio frequency identification (RFID) reader is provided. The apparatus for demodulating the subcarrier tag signal in the RFID reader may include: an edge signal generation unit receiving a subcarrier tag signal and generating an edge signal with respect to the tag signal; an edge information extraction unit extracting edge information from the generated edge signal; and a decoding unit decoding the tag signal using the extracted edge information.

Abstract: Disclosed are a 4T-4S step & repeat unit pixel used in an image sensor and an image sensor having the same. The 4T-4S step & repeat unit pixel has four diffusion area patterns for photodiodes and three diffusion area patterns for an image signal conversion circuit. An aperture ratio of the image sensor increases in maximum by using four photodiodes arranged in a diagonal direction from each other and three diffusion area patterns arranged between the photodiodes near their edges.

Abstract: In an iterative receiver, a signal detector estimates interference from an estimated transmitted signal, and cancels the estimated interference from a signal received through an antenna. A decoder performs channel decoding by using the interference cancelled received signal. A soft decision unit performs a soft decision process on the transmitted signal by using the channel decoded signal. A channel estimator estimates a channel by using the soft decision applied transmitted signal and the received signal. A covariance estimator estimates covariance on the sum signal of the interference and noise by using the soft decision applied transmitted signal, the received signal, and the estimated channel. A hard decision unit determines the transmitted signal by using the channel decoded signal after interference cancellation, channel decoding, estimated transmitted signal updating, channel estimation, and covariance estimation are iterated a number of times.