Abstract: This variable valve train has a camshaft, a rocker shaft, and a rocker arm mechanism for transmitting a motion of a cam formed on the camshaft to a valve. The rocker arm mechanism includes a first arm which drives the valve, a second arm, a third arm, and a variable mechanism which rocks the rocker shaft. The first arm is rockably supported on the rocker shaft. The second arm is driven by the cam and rocks around a universal joint as a pivot on the side of the rocker shaft. The third arm is displaced to drive the first arm as the second arm rocks.

Abstract: The quantity of oxide contained in a magnetic layer is controlled to control the crystal grains and the segregation structure for ensuring low noise characteristic in a granular magnetic layer of a perpendicular magnetic recording medium. The granular magnetic layer consists of ferromagnetic crystal grains and a nonmagnetic grain boundary region mainly of an oxide surrounding the ferromagnetic crystal grains. The perpendicular magnetic recording medium has a nonmagnetic underlayer composed of a metal or alloy having hexagonal closest-packed crystal structure. The ferromagnetic crystal grain is composed of an alloy containing at least cobalt and platinum. The volume proportion of the nonmagnetic grain boundary region mainly of the oxide falls within a range of 15% to 40% of the volume of the total magnetic layer.

Abstract: A double feed detecting apparatus provided with an ultrasonic transmitter installed on one side of a transport path for a sheet material for transmitting an ultrasonic toward the sheet material, an ultrasonic receiver installed on the other side of the transport path for the sheet material for receiving the ultrasonic transmitted by the ultrasonic transmitter and outputting a received ultrasonic signal, a first determining device for determining whether double feed or not in accordance with the amplitude of the received ultrasonic signal output by the ultrasonic receiver, and a second determining device for detecting a phase change in the received ultrasonic signal, and determining whether double feed or not on the basis of the detected phase change.

Abstract: A semiconductor device module is provided that prevents adhesion defects from causing in bonding a semiconductor sensor chip to a sensor stage with an adhesive and improving the reliability thereof. The semiconductor device module includes a sensor stage and a semiconductor optical sensor chip mounted on the sensor stage. The sensor stage includes a U-groove formed in an upper central surface portion of a bottom wall thereof. The sensor chip is bonded to the sensor stage with a thermosetting and UV-curing adhesive coated in the U-groove. The U-groove, includes an island-shaped flat pedestal located at a central bottom portion of the U-groove for mounting the sensor chip thereon. Pins are preferably disposed on both sides of the pedestal to hold the sensor chip horizontally, and the side walls of the U-groove 3b are preferably slanted such that the adhesive coated in the U-groove is prevented from splashing to the outside.

Abstract: A wheel structure for vehicles, capable of reducing a columnar resonance sound occurring in a wheel during a travel of a vehicle. A cross-sectional shape of a closed space defined by a wheel and a tire is varied in the circumferential direction so that a columnar resonance frequency in the closed space varies with a rotation of a wheel unit.