Abstract: Apparatus for ascertaining the quantity of ozone in water and for admitting additional ozone when the ascertained quantity is insufficient has two spaced-apart electrodes which consist of an alloy having gold as the predominant constituent thereof and which can be immersed into a body of water. Each electrode is connected with a discrete voltage source by way of a discrete resistor whose resistance is substantially greater than the resistance between the electrodes when the electrodes are immersed in water. The potential difference between the electrodes is measured by a differential amplifier whose output transmits a voltage signal having an intensity proportional to the percentage of ozone in the body of water into which the electrodes are immersed.

Abstract: A cassette or an analogous supports for sheet-like X-ray films has a bottom wall and a top wall which latter is connected to the bottom wall by a hinge. One of the walls carries a magnetic plate which is overlapped by a first intensifier screen for the X-ray film. The other wall carries a flat flexible receptacle for a ferromagnetic layer therewithin, and the receptacle is overlapped by a second intensifier screen. When a film is inserted between the two screens, the cassette is closed whereby the magnetic layer attracts the ferromagnetic layer with the result that the two screens are biased against the respective sides of the film therebetween. The second screen may constitute an integral part of the receptacle which latter consists of a material, such as paper or synthetic plastic, that is permeable to X-rays.

Abstract: A motor-pump aggregate whose pump is a glandless centrifugal pump and is intended for use in a nuclear reactor plant has hollow coaxial pump and motor shafts which are sealingly coupled to each other. To this end, the first end portion of the pump shaft extends into the adjacent first end portion of the motor shaft and has an external conical shoulder for engagement with an internal conical seat of the first end portion of the motor shaft. A feather holds the first end portions against rotation relative to one another, and the shoulder is urged against the seat by a pair of threaded connectors one of which is anchored in a disc-shaped member in the region of the second end portion of the motor shaft and the other of which is anchored in the first end portion of the pump shaft. The disc-shaped member and the second end portion of the motor shaft have mating ring gears to ensure accurate and a reproducible centering.

Abstract: An arrangement for dressing, profiling or otherwise treating the peripheral surface of a grinding wheel or the like includes a dressing disk which is mounted on a support for rotation about a given axis and has a peripheral surface which contacts and treats the peripheral surface of the grinding wheel during the operation of this arrangement. The dressing disk is also mounted for angular displacement about a pivot axis which intersects the treating surface at the point of contact with the grinding wheel, and also the axis of rotation of the dressing disk. The axis of rotation and the pivot axis of the grinding wheel make an angle of about 1.degree. in each of two positions which the dressing disk assumes relative to the grinding wheel during the operation of the arrangement. The dressing disk may be symmetrical or, preferably, asymmetrical as considered in a radial plane of the dressing disk.

Abstract: A filter rod making machine discharges several parallel filter rods which move lengthwise and are severed at regular intervals to yield files of axially aligned filter rod sections. Such sections are transported axially to a first transfer station where they enter discrete flutes in the concave upper side of one of several rotary platforms which orbit about the axis of a rotary carrier and are rotated relative to the carrier by crank drives so that the orientation of their flutes remains unchanged. The flutes of a platform which arrives at the first station receive discrete filter rod sections from each of the files so that each platform accumulates a group of parallel sections which are transported to a second station for transfer into successive peripheral flutes of a rotary drum-shaped removing conveyor.

Abstract: A color copier has a control circuit for controlling the exposure of an original to be copied. The control circuit has a processing channel for each of the three primary colors. Each of the channels is associated with photodetectors which is sensitive to the color of the respective channel. The photodetectors sense the intensity of the light in the respective color transmitted through the original and generate signals indicative of the density of the original in that color. The density of the original in each color is compared with the neutral gray density of the original. The difference between the density of each color and the neutral gray density is used to calculate an undercorrection factor for the respective color. The undercorrection factor is used to regulate the exposure time for light of the respective color or the intensity of light of the respective color during exposure.

Abstract: A deburring machine for plate- or sheet-like workpieces has a horizontal table on which a workpiece to be treated is supported during movement in parallelism with at least one of its elongated marginal portions. At least one set of coaxial cylindrical brushes is adjacent to the one marginal portion of the moving workpiece and the brushes form at least one pair of neighboring brushes which are driven to rotate in opposite directions whereby the metallic bristles of one brush treat the underside and the metallic bristles of the other brush treat the upper side of the one marginal portion. The frame of the machine can support two sets of coaxial brushes if the workpieces have parallel marginal portions. Such workpieces are advanced between the two sets of brushes so that one set treats one of the parallel marginal portions and the other set treats the other marginal portion.

Abstract: A centrifugal pump comprises a casing which has two volutes disposed substantially diametrically opposite each other in such a way that the end of the first volute is adjacent to the start of the second volute. The outer diameter of the casing approximates or equals the diameter of the first volute in the region of the end of the first volute. This contributes to compactness of the casing. The volutes surround a rotary impeller or a guide wheel which is installed in the casing downstream of the impeller. Each volute extends along an arc of at most 180 degrees. The casing can have one or more elongated channels extending from the end of the first volute, along the second volute, and to a common outlet nozzle for both volutes.

Abstract: Method of and apparatus for operating a motor vehicle wherein a flywheel mass for eliminating or minimizing nonuniformity of rotational motion is engageable with and disengageable from a crankshaft for an internal-combustion engine which includes, in an operating condition when the motor vehicle is in motion but the engine does not drive the motor vehicle, including deceleration, braking and coasting, interrupting a driving connection between driving wheels of the motor vehicle and the engine while maintaining rotation of the engine at a nominal speed with the flywheel mass engaged therewith whereas, in a condition when the motor vehicle is briefly stopped, as at a traffic light, interrupting the driving connection between the driving wheels of the motor vehicle and the engine but disengaging the flywheel mass from the engine so that the flywheel mass continues to rotate and shutting down the engine and, for restarting the engine, reengaging the flywheel mass with the engine while maintaining the interruption

Abstract: Apparatus gathering writing pads into stacks has a row of receptacles disposed at a level below the discharge end of a feeding conveyor which delivers several lines of pads, one for each receptacle. The receptacles have a common horizontal floor assembled of spaced-apart elongated strips mounted in a main frame and extending in the longitudinal direction of the row, and the receptacles are separated from each other by separating units having sets of upright rods which extend upwardly through the spaces between the neighboring strips and can be lowered to move out of the way preparatory to removal of assembled stacks of pads by two endless conveyor belts which flank the row of receptacles and have inner reaches movable into engagement with the respective sides of the stacks. The conveyor belts are set in motion after their inner reaches engage the stacks and after the rods are retracted to a level below the floor.

Abstract: Discrete uniting bands which are used in a filter tipping machine to connect filter plugs with plain cigarettes consist of foraminous material, and the permeability of such material is varied, when necessary, by changing the quantity of adhesive which is applied to the uniting bands prior to convolution around the respective plain cigarettes and filter plugs. This ensures that each convoluted uniting band admits a preselected quantity of cool atmospheric air into the column of tobacco smoke when the respective filter cigarette is lighted. The paster which applies adhesive to a continuous web which is about to be subdivided into uniting bands is adjusted in response to signals which are generated by a testing device for the wrappers of successive filter cigarettes. If the permeability is too high, the paster is adjusted by reducing or increasing the quantity of adhesive which is applied to successive unit areas or unit lengths of the running web.

Abstract: Filter cigarettes which are produced in a filter tipping machine are conveyed past several successive testing devices, each of which monitors different characteristics of the cigarettes, thereupon past a cigarette removing device, past a segregating device and on to a conveyor for transport of satisfactory cigarettes to a packing machine or into storage. When any one of the testing devices detects a defective or presumably defective cigarette, it generates a defect signal which is transported to the segregating device for expulsion of the respective cigarette from the path which leads to the conveyor. If the operator wishes, the defective or presumably defective cigarettes which are detected by a selected testing device can be conveyed only to and expelled by the removing device in response to the corresponding defect signals so that the removed cigarettes can be examined for the purpose of ascertaining the quality of testing operation which is carried out by the selected testing device.

Abstract: Apparatus for converting straight or inclined holes along one edge face of a stack of leaves into arcuate passages for convenient threading of the leader of a spiral wire binder has a locating device which holds the stack in a given position. Two rows of pivotable and retractible straight mandrels are adjacent to opposite sides of the stack in the locating means, and such mandrels are introduced into the registering holes of the stack prior to movement of the convex surface of a shaping member against the edge face of the stack. The convex surface shifts the leaves of the stack relative to each other and causes the leaves to pivot the mandrels to mutually inclined positions. At the same time, the leaves convert the holes into arcuate passages whose curvature conforms to that of the convex surface on the shaping member. The stack is thereupon clamped during withdrawal of mandrels from the arcuate passages.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and a preparation for deactivating viruses inside living human and animal organisms by application of a terpene obtainable from aromatic plants by steam distillation. The terpenes cited are: black pepper oil, cinnamon flower oil, cardamon oil, linallyl acetate, cinnamic aldehyde, safrol, carvon and cis/trans citral.

Abstract: Folded cover sheets are conveyed seriatim from a first magazine into each of several parallel channels during each of a series of successive intervals. Such sheets are opened up on entry into the channels and are transported past one or more locations where they receive inserts which are supplied from one or more additional magazines, again in such a way that each additional magazine admits an insert into each channel during each of the successive intervals. The thus obtained groups of sheets are gathered into larger groups which are assembled into a continuous stream of partly overlapping groups.

Abstract: In a fastening device for supporting brackets or luggage racks for automotive vehicles, the tensioning screw which biases the clamping claw against the supporting foot and the roof gutter is overlapped by a protecting cap which is non-separably connected with the clamping claw. The protecting cap has a mounting aperture through which the tensioning screw can be actuated with a tool. The mounting aperture can be closed by a locking device which can be actuated by a key and closes the mounting aperture only in the locking position.

Abstract: The invention sets forth a method and apparatus for improving the injection and mixture of fuel and air in air-compressing combustion engines. The fuel is admitted into a rotationally symmetrical combustion chamber in such a manner that all droplets of the fuel stream are finely atomized at all speed and/or load ranges of the engine, and that the complete spray on entering the combustion chamber is so broken up that, from the combustion chamber wall to a point approximately one third of the combustion chamber radius, the broken-up spray matches the combustion chamber geometry, the injection of the fuel being effected in such a manner as to match the velocity and/or density distribution of the combustion air which rotates in the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A gathering machine wherein the platforms for deposition of sheets prior to accumulation into piles on the horizontal track of the conveyor system are of adjustable width so as to properly confine and guide wider or narrower sheets. Each sheet which rests on a platform is accelerated prior to removal from the platform by the oncoming prong of a series of equidistant prongs on an endless chain which forms part of the conveyor system. The accelerating devices are elongated elastic bars having rectangular sheet-engaging undersides which bear against the upper sides of sheets on the respective platforms and accelerate the sheets in the direction of travel of the oncoming prongs shortly before the sheets are engaged by the prongs. The platforms carry recessed idler rollers below the respective accelerating devices to reduce friction between the sheets and the platforms during acceleration of the sheets by the undersides of the accelerating devices.

Abstract: Undercut tubular synthetic plastic articles, such as fittings, are formed in the mold cavity of an injection molding machine on a two-piece core a tubular component of which is surrounded by the undercut portion of the article and a first smaller-diameter portion at one side of the undercut portion. A cylindrical component of the core slidably guides the tubular component and is surrounded by a second smaller-diameter portion of the article at the other side of the undercut portion.