Abstract: Quick setting, anionic bitumen emulsion compositions, suitable for road paving, recreational surfaces, etc., are formulated by emulsifying the bitumen in water with an ammonium or alkali metal salt of a hydrocarbon-substituted sulfuric, sulfonic, phosphoric or phosphonic acid emulsifier, mixing the emulsion with a fine aggregate and, prior to spreading the aggregate emulsion mixture, introducing an alkaline earth metal set initiator. The resulting composition rapidly breaks to a hard cohesive structure, so as to permit early use by traffic.

Abstract: New Mannich bases and their alkaline earth metal salts are prepared by condensing formaldehyde and a polyamine with a sulfur-containing phenolic mixture consisting of (1) from 5 to 40% of a sulfurized alkylphenol; and (2) from 95 to 60% of phenol alkylated with polyisobutene of 16 to 128 carbon atoms or a mixture of said phenol alkylated with polyisobutene and phenol alkylated with a propylene tetramer. They are useful as additives for lubricating oils, particularly for use in marine cylinder lubricating oils.

Abstract: New Mannich bases and the alkaline earth metal salts thereof are prepared by condensing formaldehyde and a polyamine with a sulfur-containing phenolic mixture consisting of (1) from 5 to 40% of a sulfurized alkylphenol of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is C.sub.8 -C.sub.36 alkyl, n is an integer from 1 to 8, and y is an integer from 1 to 9, and (2) from 95 to 60% of a phenolic mixture consisting of (a) from 95 to 30% phenol alkylated with a propylene tetramer and (b) from 5 to 70% phenol alkylated with a straight-chain alpha-olefin of from 16 to about 28 carbon atoms or alpha-olefin mixtures wherein the alpha-olefins are of from 16 to about 28 carbon atoms. They are useful as additives for lubricating oils, particularly for use in marine cylinder lubricating oils.

Abstract: A lubricating oil of outstanding detergency contains an alkaline earth metal aliphatic sulfonate and an alkenyl monosuccinimide.

Abstract: A lubricating oil of outstanding detergency contains an alkaline earth metal aliphatic sulfonate and a Mannich base condensation product.

Abstract: A lubricating oil of outstanding detergency contains an alkaline earth metal aliphatic sulfonate and an ester of a monohydroxyalkyl hydrocarbyl thiophosphonate.

Abstract: A lubricating oil of outstanding detergency contains an alkaline earth metal aliphatic sulfonate and an ester of a hydrocarbon-substituted succinic acid.

Abstract: New Mannich bases and the alkaline earth metal salts thereof are prepared by condensing formaldehyde and a polyamine with a phenolic mixture consisting of (1) from 95 to 30% phenol alkylated with a propylene tetramer and (2) from 5 to 70% phenol alkylated with a straight-chain alpha-olefin of from 16 to about 28 carbon atoms or alpha-olefin mixtures wherein the alpha-olefins are of from 16 to about 28 carbon atoms. They are useful as additives for lubricating oils, particularly for use in marine cylinder lubricating oils.

Abstract: New Mannich bases and the alkaline earth metal salts thereof are prepared by condensing formaldehyde and a polyamine with a sulfur-containing phenolic mixture consisting of (1) from 5 to 35 mol percent of a sulfurized alkylphenol of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is C.sub.8 -C.sub.36 alkyl, n is an integer from 1 to 8, and y is an integer from 1 to 9, and (2) from 95 to 65 mol percent of phenol alkylated with a propylene tetramer. They are useful as highly alkaline additives for lubricating oils, particularly for use in marine cylinder, railroad, and automotive diesel lubricating oils.

Abstract: An anti-wear additive for lubricating compositions comprising(A) 1 part by weight of a sulfurized acid prepared by sulfurizing an acid of the formula R-COOH wherein R is C.sub.10 -C.sub.40 alkenyl, said sulfurized acid having a minimum sulfur content of 3% by weight and(B) 1-100 parts by weight of a phosphate of the formula ##STR1## wherein each of R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 is independently a C.sub.6 -C.sub.20 aromatic or C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 aliphatic hydrocarbon group.

Abstract: Metal sulfonates of the formula R--SO.sub.3 M wherein R is hydrocarbyl and M is a Group I or Group II metal or lead are overbased with Group II metal carbonate, bicarbonate, oxide or hydroxide. Also provided are lubricating oil compositions or concentrates containing these overbased sulfonates.

Abstract: Lubricating oil additives are prepared by reacting 1-alkenes with sulfur and sulfur monochloride in the molar ratio 1:0.6-0.9:0.05-0.2. The additives have anti-wear, extreme pressure, and antioxidant properties.

Abstract: Oil-soluble, nitrogen-containing compositions, useful as lubricating oil additives, are provided. These compositions are prepared by reacting: (a) an aryl ester of a hydrocarbylethylsulfonic acid; or (b) a hydrocarbylsulfonyl chloride with a nitrogen-containing compound containing at least one amine hydrogen, i.e., --NH function. Also provided are processes for preparing these compositions and lubricating oil additive concentrates and lubricating oil compositions containing these compositions.

Abstract: Phosphate salts are prepared by reacting a triaryl phosphate and an aliphatic amine in the presence of a catalytic amount of boric acid. Certain of the phosphate salts are useful as additives for lubricating oils.

Abstract: A mixture of phosphate salts and phosphoramides are prepared by reacting a triaryl phosphate and an aliphatic amine in the presence of a catalytic amount of boron trifluoride. These phosphorus mixtures are useful as additives for lubricating oils.

Abstract: A mixture containing a major proportion of amine phosphate salts and a minor proportion of phosphoramides is prepared by reacting a triaryl phosphate and an aliphatic amine in the presence of a catalytic amount of a trialkyl borate. Certain of these mixtures are useful as additives for lubricating oils.

Abstract: Oil-soluble detergent-dispersant Group I and Group II metal or lead salts of substantially saturated hydrocarbyl-substituted ethylsulfonic acids, processes for preparing these salts, lubricating oil additive concentrates and lubricating oil compositions containing them are disclosed.

Abstract: Phosphorus-containing acids and salts are prepared by heating a mixture of(A) an acid of the formula ##STR1## where R is alkyl, with (B) an acid of the formula ##STR2## where R.sup.1 is aryl, for 3 to 10 hours at 55.degree. to 95.degree. C to form a mixture of acids (A) and (B) and an acid of the formula ##STR3## and optionally neutralizing to a salt to be used in lubricating oil.

Abstract: A new Mannich base, prepared by condensing tetrapropenylphenol, formaldehyde and diethylenetriamine wherein the molar ratio of reactants is 1 mol tetrapropenylphenol to 0.5 to 0.85 mols formaldehyde to at least 0.3 mols of diethylenetriamine, and the calcium salt thereof are useful as dispersant additives for lubricating oils, particularly for use in marine cylinder lubricating oils.