Abstract: A radio station (100) receives a data packet (D1, D2) and transmits an acknowledgement (ACK, N). It also transmits an indication of received signal quality (CQI). The time at which the indication of received signal quality (CQI) is transmitted is dependent on the type of acknowledgement transmitted, such as a positive acknowledgement (ACK) or negative acknowledgement (N).

Abstract: In a wireless communication channel, the time per a service interval is distributed among multiple data services. The data services have been allocated airtime quotas in order to comply with their QoS requirements. These airtime quotas are scaled by a factor that is the ratio between, on the one hand, the time available per service interval for accommodating data of these services and, on the other hand, the total of the airtime quotas. This allows the services to use more airtime in case not the entire service interval has been allocated.

Abstract: A method of congestion management in a wireless mesh network in which the CSMA/CA algorithm is used to access wireless medium, said network comprising a first station and at least one neighboring station able to communicate directly with the first station, comprises: —broadcasting (22) an announcement message by the first station to the at least one neighboring station when the first station experiences a congestion in its environment, said announcement message comprising a congestion level parameter, —activating (26) by the neighboring station, at reception of the announcement message, a congestion state in which the minimum size of the time window, called contention window, to access the medium before transmission of a message is strictly greater than the minimum size (CWmin) defined in absence of congestion, said minimum size in congestion state being defined as a function of the congestion level parameter.

Abstract: A switchable autostereoscopic display device comprises a display panel having an array of display pixel elements for producing a display, the display pixel elements being arranged in rows and columns. An imaging arrangement directs the output from different pixel elements to different spatial positions to enable a stereoscopic image to be viewed. The imaging arrangement is electrically switchable between at two 3D modes, wherein the effective position of the imaging arrangement is shifted laterally between the modes with respect to the display pixel elements by an amount which is a non-integer multiple of the pitch between the pixel elements. These two modes enable the resolution per mode to be increased, by adding views at inter-pixel locations, or enables the number of views to be increased.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method, apparatuses, a system, and a computer program product for selecting at least one cooperative node from multiple cooperative nodes (21 to 23) for receiving a signal from a source node (10), wherein at least two stages of a backoff process are provided, in which the candidate cooperative nodes (21 to 23) determine respective backoff numbers according to their channel conditions to the source node (10), wherein the second stage is performed if the first stage was not successful or if a second cooperative node shall be selected.

Abstract: A system and method (600) of communication by a wireless device (200) operating according to a first communication protocol in at least a first set of frequency bands (320), provides a silent period for detecting the presence of a second wireless device operating according to a second communication protocol in a second set of frequency bands (310) that at least partially overlaps the first set of frequency bands (320).

Abstract: An antenna (740) listens in each of a plurality of steerable sectors to determine if a primary beacon is present; transmits a primary device beacon in each of the plurality of steerable sectors if the primary beacon is not present; and transmits a secondary device beacon in a first one of the plurality of steerable sectors if a primary beacon is discovered. The antenna (740) may transmit the primary and secondary beacons on a different communication channel than a data communication channel or may transmit the primary and secondary beacons on a same communication channel as a data communication channel. The antenna (740) may divide the same communication channel into time slices wherein different time slices of a super-frame are utilized for the primary beacon, the secondary beacon, and the data communication. The secondary device (C, D) sends additional beacons in additional sectors if it receives non-primary beacon from the additional sectors.

Abstract: A wireless device (200, 310-1) executes a method (400) of reserving a time slot for communication with a second wireless device (200, 310-4) in a communication network 5 (300). The wireless device (200, 310-1) determines whether any antenna beam to be used in a proposed communication with the second wireless device (200, 310-4) communication within the time slot would interfere with any antenna beam used by any first wireless device (200, 310-i) in any existing reservations for the time slot. When any antenna beam to be used in the proposed communication would not interfere with any antenna beam used 10 by any first wireless device (200, 310-i) in any existing reservations for the time slot, the wireless device (200, 310-1) transmits an information element (500) or reserving the time slot for communication with the second wireless device (200, 310-4).

Abstract: A biofeedback system and a display device for the use in the biofeedback system. Also disclosed is a method for a biofeedback treatment of a person or an animal. Biofeedback is a therapy method which is used in rehabilitation facilities, for example in the neurological rehabilitation. A neural signal magnitude below a certain threshold does not result in a muscle response, for example, because the provided stimulus is insufficient to trigger the muscle. In order to provide a patient with an intuitive feedback of the sub-threshold neural signal nevertheless, the signal is detected and made recognizable to the patient.

Abstract: A method for providing bandwidth fairness in a wireless network includes determining bandwidth requirement for a particular service interval for each of a plurality wireless stations in a network. The method also includes determining an allocated transmission time for each of the plurality of wireless stations based on a minimum physical transmission rate. Additionally the illustrative method includes fragmenting a packet of at least one of the wireless stations if the at least one wireless station transmits at other transmission rates that are less than the minimum physical transmission rate. An apparatus is adapted to effect the illustrative method.

Abstract: A computer algorithm for grouping a derived spatial arrangement of wireless communication nodes. The wireless communication nodes form a wireless communication network and are configured to control the operation of luminaires in a lighting array. The position of each node in the communication network corresponds to the position of a particular luminaire in the lighting array. The algorithm divides the arrangement of nodes into a plurality of spatial groups, each of which is defined by a line which joins the group's member nodes together. The groups are ranked according to their statistical attributes and a number of groups are selected as control groups, such that the member nodes, and hence luminaires, of each control group may be controlled by a single switch or sensor.

Abstract: A user identification method is described in which, in a first identification procedure, identification data (ID1) of a first type belonging to a target individual to be identified are determined and are compared with previously stored user identification data (ND1) of the first type assigned to an authorized user. In addition, identification data (ID2) of a second type that belong with a certain probability to the same target individual are automatically determined. After a successful confirmation of the identify of the target individual with the authorized user from the identification data (ID1) of the first type, user identification data (ND2) of the second type are stored for the respective authorized user using the determined identification data (ID2) of the second type in order to use said data in a subsequent identification procedure. In addition, a corresponding user identification device is disclosed.

Abstract: A system (400), apparatus (300), and method (100) are provided to synchronize distributed (otherwise uncoordinated) networks (400) of independent nodes (401i). Such synchronization can be used in a number of different ways. In the context of cognitive radios, such synchronization can be used to synchronize quiet periods. Quiet periods are times when all cognitive radios (that are otherwise uncoordinated) become quiet so that incumbent users can be detected reliably. The technique of the present invention converges quickly and scales well.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a system of securely computing a measure of similarity for at least two sets of data. A basic idea of the present invention is to securely compare two sets of encrypted data to determine whether the two sets of data resemble each other to a sufficient extent. If the measure of similarity complies with predetermined criteria, the two sets of data from which the encrypted sets of data originate are considered to be identical.

Abstract: The system (500), apparatus (400), and method of the present invention provide three architectures for logically organizing multiple channels: a parallel multi-channel superframe (PMS) (100), a sequential multi-channel superframe (SMS) (200), and a non-overlapping multi-channel superframe (NMS) (300). Each of these architectures arises from different trade-offs and is applicable to any multi-channel MAC protocol that is based on the concept of a superframe, e.g., IEEE 802.11 superframe.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a data packet header comprising a first bit field consisting of a first sequence of bits with identical values and a second bit field consisting of a second sequence of bits, the second sequence of bits being subject to a run-length restriction, and located immediately after the first sequence of bits in the order of transmission. The number of bits in the first sequence is equal to or exceeding the run-length restriction and the bits of the second sequence have opposite identical values to the value of the first bit of the second sequence of bits. The invention equally relates to a correlator for detecting a data stream and arranged to determine a correct clock phase for the data stream.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining roll angle of a motorcycle (1) as when taking a curve or bend in a road. The apparatus includes a first gyro sensor (11) that provides a roll rate signal, a second gyro sensor (12) that provides a yaw rate signal, and a velocity sensor (36). The apparatus is configured to integrate the roll rate signal to obtain a first intermediate roll angle value and to determine a second intermediate roll angle value from the yaw rate and the vehicle velocity. The apparatus combines the two intermediate roll angle values into an output value for the roll angle that can be used by a servo (50) to adjust the orientation of the headlamp so that the beam pattern remains leveled with the horizon when the motorcycle (1) rolls when taking a curve.

Abstract: An autostereoscopic display apparatus (8), comprising: a plurality of individually addressable display elements (2) arranged in an array of rows and columns; and light directing means (15) comprising a plurality of light directing elements (16) at a slant angle (?) to the column direction (6); wherein the shape of the individually addressable display elements (2) substantially comprises the shape remaining from a rectangular footprint when one or more cut-outs (2c) is removed; the one or more cut-outs (2c) being positioned relative to the slanted angle (?) of the light directing elements (16) such as to provide a reduction in brightness variation along the row direction (4) compared to what individually addressable display elements shaped according to the rectangular footprint would provide.

Abstract: A method of operating a wireless communications system, comprises encoding (12) information into a low rate code word, providing (20) at least two spatial sub-streams comprising different combinations of bits remaining after puncturing of the low rate code word, simultaneously transmitting (22) each of the at least two spatial sub-streams by way of a respective radio channel, receiving (24) the at least two spatial sub-streams, applying (28) a decoding process to the received at least two spatial sub-streams, and, if the decoding process is unsuccessful, transmitting simultaneously further spatial sub-streams comprising different combinations of bits remaining after puncturing of the low rate code word, at least one of the further spatial sub-streams being a not previously transmitted combination of bits remaining after puncturing of the low rate code word, receiving the further spatial sub-streams and applying the decoding process to the originally received at least two spatial sub-streams and the further su

Abstract: A wireless network (300) operates with at least two different types of wireless devices, including Type-A wireless devices (320) that communicate using a first transmission scheme and Type-B wireless devices (310) that communicate using a second transmission scheme. Type-A wireless devices (320) can transmit Type-A beacons (325) using the first transmission scheme. Type-B wireless devices (310) can transmit and receive Type-B beacons (315) using the second transmission scheme. Type-B wireless devices (310) can also transmit Type-A beacons (325) using the first transmission scheme, but cannot receive the Type-A beacons (325). Before establishing communications in a new channel, a Type-B wireless device (310) performs power sensing to detect the presence of any non-Type-B wireless devices (200), and if such wireless devices (200) are detected, it switches to another channel. Otherwise, it transmits a Type-A beacon (325) and a Type-B beacon (315) to establish communications in the channel.