Abstract: An earth impedance determination and compensation system for use with a seismic vibrator utilizes output signals from accelerometers on the baseplate and reaction mass portions of the vibrator to create a signal indicative of the near-surface weathered earth layer impedance below the baseplate. The impedance signal is utilized to generate parameter signals which are indicative of the compressional and shear wave patterns generated by the baseplate and may be used to more rapidly and accurately design seismic source arrays to optimize the wave pattern emanating therefrom. One of the parameter signals is directly indicative of the travel time thickness of the weathered surface layer and may be used to accurately determine the static correction factor attributable solely to weathered layer topography.
Abstract: Semiconductor dopant sources are prepared by mixing particles of elemental silicon and at least one dopant oxide and heating the mixture to a temperature sufficient to initiate a reduction reaction while excluding external oxygen sources from affecting the reaction. The reaction can be initiated in a furnace, provided the gaseous ambient is controlled, or can be initiated in air if the mixture is heated sufficiently rapidly, e.g. by heating with electromagnetic energy at microwave frequencies. The dopant source produced includes a fused, amorphous matrix of silicon-oxygen-dopant atoms containing inclusions of elemental dopant and, preferably, inclusions of elemental silicon. Embodiments of sources prepared from antimony trioxide slowly evolve antimony, have a long life and repeatedly and predictably dope silicon at commerically useful levels.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
October 31, 1986
Date of Patent:
June 7, 1988
Assignee:
Stemcor Corporation
Inventors:
Alan M. Bonny, Jack Wilson, Robert A. Gustaferro
Abstract: Novel amorphous metal alloy electrodes have the formulaePt.sub.p A.sub.a D.sub.dwhereA is Ir, Pd, Rh, Ru and mixtures thereof;D is B, Al, As, P, Sb, Ge, Sn, Si and mixtures thereof;p is from about 40 to 92 percent;a is from about 1 to 40 percent;d is from about 8 to 40 percent; and p+a+d=100; andNi.sub.n E.sub.e F.sub.f G.sub.gwhereE is Mo, W and mixtures thereof;F is Pt, Pd, Rh, Ir, Cr and mixtures thereof;G is Al, Ga and mixtures thereof;n is from about 30 to 90 percent;e is from about 10 to 50 percent;f is from about 0 to 25 percent;g is from about 10 to 40 percent; and n+e+f+g=100.These electrodes are useful for hydrogen formation and oxidation and operate at lower potentials than existing electrodes.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 24, 1985
Date of Patent:
May 24, 1988
Assignee:
The Standard Oil Company
Inventors:
Michael A. Tenhover, Robert K. Grasselli
Abstract: Disclosed are new compounds ##STR1## where each of R and R' have zero to 10 C atoms; R is H or hydrocarbyl; R' is H, hydrocarbyl, or hydrocarbyl substituted with hydrocarbylcarbonylamino, di(hydrocarbylcarbonyl)amino, hydrocarbylcarbonyl(hydrocarbyl)amino, formylamino, diformylamino and formyl(hydrocarbyl)amino, hydrocarbyloxy, hydrocarbylthio, formylthio, hydrocarbylcarbonylthio, hydrocarbyloxycarbonyl, hydrocarbyl carboxyl, hydrocarbylamino, dihydrocarbylamino, formyl, 3-indolyl, 3-(1-hydrocarbyl)indolyl, 3-(1-hydrocarbylcarbonyl)indolyl, 3-(1-formyl)indolyl, carbamoyl, hydrocarbylcarbamoyl, dihydrocarbylcarbamoyl, 5-imidazolyl, 5-(3-hydrocarbyl)imidazolyl, 5-(3-hydrocarbylcarbonyl)imidazolyl, or 5-(3-formyl)imidazolyl, and R" is phenyl or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl group; and methods of making such compounds.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
October 30, 1986
Date of Patent:
April 26, 1988
Assignee:
The Standard Oil Company
Inventors:
Mark C. Cesa, James E. Rinz, Gilles Klopman, Teodora T. Kopp
Abstract: An oxygen-sensing element particularly for use in the exhaust stream of an internal combustion engine. In one embodiment, the sensing element may be a tubular solid electrolyte body with a transverse web forming a relatively shallow recess at one end of the body and a relatively deep tube at the other. Separate electrodes are formed on the surface of the body proximate the recess and on both opposing sides of the web. A porous plug disposed in the recess covers one of the electrodes. When the electrode on the surface of the body is exposed to the exhaust stream of a fuel-rich aur-fuel mixture, the EMF across that electrode and the electrode on the underside of the web, which is exposed to fresh air, is indicative of the oxygen content of the exhaust stream.
Abstract: The process for manufacturing polyamides, suitable for fibers, from an .alpha.,.omega.-dinitrile, and an .alpha.,.omega.-diamine in water in contact with a catalyst that is improved by (1) first, reacting the dinitrile and water in the presence of the catalyst at a temperature sufficient to cause substantial hydrolysis of the dinitrile and (2) subsequently adding the diamine to the reaction mixture of the dinitrile and water at a temperature sufficient to cause polymerization.
Abstract: Disclosed is making an inorganic crystalline vanadium III oxidic compound from a pentavalent vanadium compound, which process comprises (1) reducing a pentavalent vanadium oxidic compound to substantially the V.sup.III state by heating at 100.degree. C. or less an aqueous medium slurry or solution of said pentavalent compound containing a reducing agent selected from hydrazine and hydrocarbylhydrazine, (2) providing in said aqueous medium, either before, during or after said reducing step, other metal cations in solution in the ratio called for by the desired crystalline compound, (3) removing the liquid aqueous medium, and (4) calcining the resulting dry solid at a temperature in the range from 400.degree. to 800.degree. C. in an inert atmosphere.Also disclosed is the vapor phase catalytic dehydrogenation of paraffins using certain spinels and perovskites as catalysts.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 15, 1986
Date of Patent:
April 12, 1988
Assignee:
The Standard Oil Company
Inventors:
Andrew T. Guttmann, James F. Brazdil, Robert K. Grasselli
Abstract: A stable ohmic contact for thin films of p-type tellurium-containing II-VI semiconductors and photovoltaic devices incorporating such contacts. An ohmic contact according to the invention includes a contact-forming layer deposited on a p-type thin film of a tellurium-contacting II-VI semiconductor. Preferably, the contact-forming layer is copper having a thickness of about 2 nanometers. An isolation layer is deposited on the contact-forming to isolate subsequently deposited layers from the thin film. The isolation layer may be carbon or a thin layer of nickel. A connection layer for attaching an external electrical conductor is deposited on the isolation layer. The connection layer may be aluminum, chromium or a layer of copper, provided a copper layer is covered with one of silver, aluminum or a thin layer of nickel, preferably covered with aluminum.
Abstract: Nylon-type polyamides are produced from a diamine and a diamide in contact with a catalyst comprising a carboxamide. For example, high quality nylon-6,6 is manufactured by contacting hexamethylenediamine and adipamide in water with a carboxamide, at an elevated temperature and pressure.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 16, 1985
Date of Patent:
March 29, 1988
Assignee:
The Standard Oil Company
Inventors:
Benedict S. Curatolo, Robert C. Sentman, Gerald P. Coffey
Abstract: Nylon-type polyamides are produced from a diamine and a diamide in contact with a catalyst comprising a urea, thiourea, or derivatives thereof. For example, high quality nylon-6,6 is manufactured by contacting hexamethylenediamine and adipamide in water with urea, thiourea, or derivatives thereof catalyst, at an elevated temperature and pressure.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 16, 1985
Date of Patent:
March 22, 1988
Assignee:
The Standard Oil Company
Inventors:
Benedict S. Curatolo, Robert C. Sentman, Gerald P. Coffey
Abstract: The use of multiple field effect transistors, wherein only one transistor is sensitive to the presence of a particular element, is disclosed whereby similar responses to temperature and/or humidity fluctuations may be subtracted yielding a response to a particular element that is relatively insensitive to temperature and/or humidity variations.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 23, 1986
Date of Patent:
March 15, 1988
Assignee:
The Standard Oil Company
Inventors:
Stephen C. Pyke, Donald L. Boos, Milton L. Brouwer
Abstract: A solid state double layer capacitor includes an organic electrolyte doped with a soluble salt to render the electrolyte ionically conductive.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
October 29, 1986
Date of Patent:
March 8, 1988
Assignee:
Stemcor Corporation
Inventors:
John C. Currie, Linda F. DiFranco, Phillip D. Bennett
Abstract: Novel materials having the ability to reversibly store hydrogen are amorphous metal alloys of the formulaA.sub.a M.sub.b M'.sub.cwhereinA is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ag, Au, Hg, Pd and Pt;M is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Pb, Ru, Cu, Cr, Mo, Si, W, Ni, Al, Sn, Co. Fe, Zn, Cd, Ga and Mn; andM' is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ca, Mg, Ti, Y, Zr, Hf, Nb, V, Ta and the rare earths; andwhereina ranges from greater than zero to about 0.80;b ranges from zero to about 0.70; andc ranges from about 0.08 to about 0.95;characterized in that (1) a substantial portion of A is disposed on the surface of said material and/or (2) that said material functions as an active surface layer for adsorbing/desorbing hydrogen in conjunction with a bulk storage material comprising a reversible hydrogen storage material.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
March 29, 1985
Date of Patent:
March 1, 1988
Assignee:
The Standard Oil Company
Inventors:
Robert K. Grasselli, Michael A. Tenhover, Jonathan H. Harris
Abstract: Conjugated dienes are polymerized by a catalyst system comprised of a transition metal complex consisting of at least one binucleating ligand attached to at least one transition metal containing nucleus; and at least one organometallic cocatalyst containing at least one element of Group IA, IIA or Group IIIA.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
April 14, 1983
Date of Patent:
February 23, 1988
Assignee:
The Standard Oil Company
Inventors:
Raymond J. Weinert, Jr., Kenneth C. Benton, Michael J. Desmond
Abstract: The invention relates to a process for converting light hydrocarbon feedstocks such as methane and/or natural gas, to higher molecular weight hydrocarbon products that are more readily handleable and transportable. The process comprises heating a gaseous mixture comprising said light hydrocarbon feedstocks and a minor, effective amount of at least one ether or thioether compound at a temperature of at least about 800.degree. C. for a period of time effective to provide said higher molecular weight liquid hydrocarbon product. The invention also relates to the higher molecular weight liquid products obtained by the process of the invention.
Abstract: The invention relates to a process for converting light hydrocarbon feedstocks such as methane and/or natural gas, to higher molecular weight hydrocarbon products that are more readily handleable and transportable. The process comprises heating a gaseous mixture comprising said light hydrocarbon feedstocks and carbon dioxide at a temperature of at least about 600.degree. C. for a period of time effective to provide said higher molecular weight liquid hydrocarbon product. The invention also relates to the higher molecular weight liquid products obtained by the process of the invention.
Abstract: Polyamides are produced from diamines, dinitriles, and water in contact with a two-component catalyst system comprising (1) at least one copper containing compound and (2) at least one oxygen containing compound of phosphorus or sulfur.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 6, 1986
Date of Patent:
February 16, 1988
Assignee:
The Standard Oil Company
Inventors:
Benedict S. Curatolo, Robert C. Sentman, Gerald P. Coffey
Abstract: An improved spray apparatus for the froth flotation of a liquid-solid slurry, e.g., water-containing coal particulate, is disclosed. The initially high velocity of a spray of the slurry prior to its contacting the surface of liquid in a froth flotation cell is significantly reduced through a double deflection arrangement associated with the spray nozzle. This reduction in the velocity of the spray results in a more efficient froth flotation process.