Abstract: An assembly for monitoring and locating leaks in an installation includes a collecting line formed of a material that is impermeable to a substance to be monitored. The collecting line has a multiplicity of openings spaced apart in its longitudinal direction. The openings are closed with a filter element of a sintered metallic material that is permeable to the substance and has been subjected to a heat treatment in an oxidizing atmosphere.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a circuit arrangement for determining an electric measurement value for a resistance element (R22), preferably for determining an electric current that flows through said resistance element (R22), whereby the resistance element (R22) to be measured is interconnected to additional resistance elements within a resistance array (2) consisting of columns (CL1, CL2, CL3) and rows (R1, R2, R3) of resistance elements. According to the invention, the load of a basic load resistance element (R13), which is connected between the output of a measurement/supply unit (1) and the common ground terminal connection of the resistance array (2), is applied to the measurement voltage (MEAS). The measurement voltage (MEAS) is simultaneously connected to the input of an impedance transformer (OCL, OR), whose output is connected in a subsequent step to the resistance elements in the resistance array (2) that are not to be measured.

Abstract: A circuit configuration for measuring at least one operating parameter for an integrated circuit includes an analysis circuit connected to at least one external connection on the integrated circuit. The analysis circuit detects a plurality of voltage level changes on the external connection, which is used to control a method of operation for the integrated circuit, in particular, and supplies them to a counter circuit that logs at least one digitally coded value. The coded value is, then, output for analysis purposes to ascertain at least one operating parameter. This, advantageously, allows an average mode of operation for the integrated circuit to be logged during operation of the circuit in the application using parameters and allows respective operating states to be ascertained.

Abstract: A connection system includes a current bar, a contact foot, a clamping element, and a bearing bar with an edge, behind which the clamping element reaches, the contact foot is held at the current bar by a resilient clamp connection for simplifying production.

Abstract: A measuring system for the recording of angular or position values wherein the scale includes a measurement track with absolute encoding, and which is scanned by a sensor is provided. The scale is composed of at least two segments with similar absolute encoding, and a parallel track is provided on the scale with which the absolute value of the particular segment reached is calculated. The total absolute value is then gained from the combination of both absolute values.

Abstract: A device for locking, with respect to a first power transmission element, a further power transmission element that is lockable in a rotational position thereof, provides for the first and the further power transmission element to have a common working chamber with a variable volume to which a pressure medium can be applied, it being possible for the pressure medium in the working chamber to be solidified by applying an electric voltage or a magnetic force field thereto.

Abstract: A magnetoresistive memory includes a control circuit with a first pole that, via a reading distributor, can be individually connected to first ends of bit lines by switching elements. The control circuit also has a second pole, which supplies power to an evaluator, and has a third pole that is connected to a reference voltage source. The readout circuit additionally includes a third voltage source having a voltage, which is approximately equal to the voltage of the first reading voltage source and which can be individually connected to second ends of the bit lines by means of switching elements. Finally, the readout circuit includes a fourth voltage source, which can be individually connected to second ends of the word lines by means of switching elements.

Abstract: A field-effect-controllable semiconductor component has at least one source zone and at least one drain zone of a first conductivity type, and at least one body zone of a second conductivity type. The body zone is provided between the source zone and the drain zone. In each case at least a first and a second region of the second conductivity type are provided in a channel zone. The first region has a first doping concentration and the second region has a second doping concentration, which is lower than the first doping concentration. The combination of the two regions produces a semiconductor component threshold voltage greater than zero and the on resistance is lower than that merely due to a channel zone doped with the first or second doping concentration.

Abstract: An apparatus for calibrating the pulse duration of an output signal of a signal source may be used, in particular, for measuring and setting a duty cycle of a signal output from the signal source. The apparatus includes a comparator having a first input, a second input and an output. A reference voltage supply is provided, which is connected to the first input of the comparator. A charge storing capacitor, the charge state of which is adjustable as a function of the pulse duration of the output signal of the signal source, is connected to the second input of the comparator. Finally, the apparatus includes a processor for setting the pulse duration as a function of the comparison signal output at the output of the comparator. The apparatus for signal calibration allows an on-chip calibration and renders complicated external calibration systems superfluous.

Abstract: An arrangement for interpolating signals interpolates an analog measured signal which is dependant on a measured variable and which is fed to a voltage divider whose pickoff signals are fed to comparators from whose output signals the interpolated measured variable is determined. In order to reduce cost, the pickoff signals are fed by switches to comparators whose number is smaller than that of the pickoff signals. In this process the switches must connect the pickoff signals to the comparators consistently.

Abstract: An integrated semiconductor memory device that can be subjected to a memory cell test in order to determine functional and defective memory cells includes addressable normal memory cells, a first redundancy unit having first addressable redundant memory cells and optically programmable switches for replacing an address of a defective normal memory cell by the address of a first redundant memory cell, and a second redundancy unit having second addressable redundant memory cells and electrically programmable switches for replacing an address of a defective normal memory cell by the address of a second redundant memory cell. The second redundancy unit can be connected by the activation of an irreversibly programmable switch, which enables a simplified functional test at the wafer level.

Abstract: For separating off solids from a solid/liquid mixture occurring in a dental treatment station, a housing has a sedimentation tank, in which two sedimentation zones are disposed one above the other. Both the mixture inlet and the liquid outlet are disposed above a predetermined sedimentation height, and the liquid outlet is provided on a tube that leads through the sedimentation tank into an outlet chamber disposed below it.

Abstract: A coin guard to be installed in front of a coin slot of a coin evaluating mechanism of a coin operated vending machine. The coin guard providing a coin entrance separate from the coin slot in order to protect the coin evaluating mechanism from theft and vandalism. In addition, there is a telephone face plate with an integrated coin guard.

Abstract: Process for controlling an internal combustion engine equipped with an exhaust gas recirculation device (5) comprising a recirculation valve (51) and a device for regulating an air/fuel mixture injected into an inlet circuit as a function of the signal (LAM_AV) of an oxygen probe (41) placed in the exhaust circuit (4), characterized in that the controls of the valve (EGR_CTRL) are synchronized with at least one transition of a correction (LAM_COR) of the richness of the mixture in order to reduce the transient pollution peaks generated by the operating of the exhaust gas recirculation valve (51).

Abstract: A method and a circuit configuration for the transmission of message units in message streams of different priority include passing the message units which are respectively associated with the message streams through a queue that is specific to the message stream. The queues are combined to form groups to ensure a throughput guarantee for the message streams in addition to observing the priorities. At least two of the groups in each case are combined to form a partner group. The groups which belong to a partner group are controlled in such a manner that, in the case where no message unit can currently be transmitted from one of the queue groups, the transmission capability is transferred from the relevant queue group to one of the remaining groups in the respective partner group.

Abstract: A method of identifying a direction of rotation of a wheel using Hall probes which are disposed about the circumference of the wheel. In this case, a first, a second and a third Hall probe are disposed successively, so that the second Hall probe lies between the first and third Hall probes. From the output signals of the three Hall probes, two evaluation signals are obtained, through comparison of which the direction of rotation of the wheel is determined.

Abstract: A method for determining a liquid level with the aid of ultrasonic pulses improves the measuring accuracy of the liquid level in a container with an echo time measurement of ultrasonic pulses and a mean sound velocity. The mean sound velocity is extrapolated from at least two reference sound velocities in the liquid. In this way it is possible to achieve a measuring accuracy of less than a millimeter, independently of the liquid level. A device for carrying out the method has a main measuring path, at least one device for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic pulses, at least two reference paths for determining sound velocities, and a computer unit. The computer unit extrapolates from the sound velocities to the mean sound velocity.

Abstract: In a once-though steam generator having a double-flue configuration, a first gas flue is followed on the fuel-gas side, by way of a horizontal gas flue, by a second gas flue. In a once-through steam generator of this type, which is to have a particularly long lifetime even in the case of frequent start-up operations, according to the invention a number of steam generator tubes, connected in parallel for a flow medium to flow through them, are connected to one another to form an evaporator heating surface which is part of a containing wall of the first gas flue. The steam generator tubes which form the evaporator heating surface opening on an exit into an outlet header which is common to them and is disposed at a lower height in comparison with the bottom edge of the horizontal gas flue and which is followed, on the flow-medium side, by a bulkhead heating surface.

Abstract: A dynamic semiconductor memory device of a random access type has an initialization circuit that controls the switching-on operation of the semiconductor memory device and of its circuit components. The initialization circuit supplies a supply voltage stable signal once the supply voltage has been stabilized after the switching-on of the semiconductor memory device. The initialization circuit has an enable circuit that receives the supply voltage stable signal and further command signals externally applied to the semiconductor memory device. The enable circuit supplies an enable signal after a predetermined proper initialization sequence of the command signals applied to the semiconductor memory device is identified. The enable signal effects the unlatching of a control circuit provided for the proper operation of the semiconductor memory device.