Abstract: A method of electrolytically removing silver from a photographic fixer solution comprising the steps of placing the photographic fixer solution in a cell having an anode chamber and a cathode chamber, with said chamber being separated by a diaphragm having a pore size of between about 1.0 microns to 500 microns and applying a direct current across the anode and cathode to create a current density of between about 0.001 and 5 amperes per square inch at the cathode to thereby cause argentic oxide to precipitate at the cathode and an equivalent amount of elemental sulfur to precipitate at the anode. The cell is preferably maintained at a temperature of between about 20.degree. C. and 60.degree. C. The cell can be operated as a flow cell by maintaining a hydraulic head between the chambers to determine the flow across the diaphragm. When the cell is operated as a flow cell, a minimum specific amount of photographic fixer must be conveyed to the cell to prevent oxidation of sulfur and escape of SO.sub.2 gas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of electrochemically removing silver in the form of AgO from a photographic fixer solution containing silver ions without destroying the utility of the solution comprising the steps of applying alternating current having a frequency of between about 0.5 Hz and 800 Hz and a current density of between about 0.1 and 20 amperes per square inch across electrodes immersed in said solution to cause AgO to precipitate at the electrodes. The method can also be practiced above the range of about 20 amperes per square inch at the cost of destroying the utility of the solution. The method can also be used to remove silver in the form of AgO from other solutions.

Abstract: Disclosed is a circuit for producing an alarm or shut down signal when the ratio of engine speed to engine oil pressure of a tractor engine becomes excessive. A frequency signal from a speed transducer is applied to a digital counter having a counting cycle varied in accordance with a voltage signal from a pressure transducer. The voltage signal is converted to current and used to determine the period of a one shot multivibrator.

Abstract: Preventive as well as therapeutic treatment of acne vulgaris (hereafter referred to as acne) consisting of the topical application of a solution, lotion or cream containing one or more than one of the lactamides and/or quaternary ammonium lactates is disclosed. Topical application to uninvolved or involved skin has been found to achieve respectively a complete prevention or a substantial remission of acne.

Abstract: A composition and method for producing pigmentation in skin or hair by topical application is described. The composition comprises as active ingredients one or more esters of DOPA wherein the esterifying radical is an alkyl, aryl or alkylene radical having up to 12 carbon atoms, or methyl dopate. The pigmentation producing ester is dissolved in a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle which may be alkaline, neutral or acidic, and may contain peroxides or other oxidizing agents. Skin treated by topical application of the composition of this invention has been found to be protected against sun burn and against erythema from ultraviolet light in proportion to the extent of the pigmentation produced.

Abstract: A typeball cleaning apparatus is provided for cleaning typewriter and terminal typeballs of the type having a bore therein with an engaging mechanism in the bore for engaging a mounting on the typewriter or terminal. The apparatus includes a container having an open top. A plurality of brushes have one end mounted on the interior sides of the container with the other end of each of the brushes extending towards the axis of the container. A top member with an aperture therethrough covers the container. A crank is provided which has an engaging portion which passes through the aperture in the top member into the container. The engaging portion is insertable into the bore in the typeball and engages the engaging mechanism in the typeball. The crank also includes a handle portion which is on the exterior of the container for turning the crank.

Abstract: Disclosed is a permanent magnet tooth straightener. Nuts are attached by bands to an anchor tooth and a mobile tooth. Screws are threaded into each nut and axially aligned. The screws are permanent magnets so that their adjacent ends form interacting magnet poles which may either attract or repell each other. As the position of the mobile tooth changes the screws may be rotated to adjust the magnetic force acting between the teeth.

Abstract: Disclosed is a digger attachment for a tractor including a frame having at one end of a frame arm a three-point mount for securing the digger to the tractor. The opposite end of the frame arm supports an auger for pivotal movement about a transverse axis. Attached to the head of the auger is a shaft which extends through a bracket mounted on the frame arm. Coil springs are provided about the shaft on opposite sides of the bracket with the opposite ends of the springs butting against nuts threaded on the shaft. To utilize the digger, the nuts on the opposite ends of the shaft are threaded such that the springs displace the shaft in a manner displacing the auger about its transverse pivotal axis such that its rotational axis is slightly rearwardly inclined relative to a vertical through the auger's pivot. That is, the nuts are respectively threaded and unthreaded to achieve the desired inclination of the auger with the spring forces acting on the shaft in balance.

Abstract: An air pre-cleaner is provided for use with an internal combustion engine. The pre-cleaner comprises a housing and vanes fixed to the top of the housing for imparting a circular motion to the air entering the housing between the vanes. This circular motion causes the heavy particles in the air to be projected away from the axis of the housing because of the centrifugal force on the particles caused by the circular motion. A tube means is positioned in the housing and a separator having a plurality of louvers is positioned in the housing between the wall of the housing and the tube. The heavy particles pass through the openings in the louvers and fall from the separator means under the influence of gravity and exit from the housing. The air with the heavy particles removed therefrom then passes through the tube and into the engine. A control mechanism is positioned in the housing between the separator and the exit for controlling the flow of air through the exit towards the separator.

Abstract: This invention relates to new and useful brush making apparatus which allows the manufacture of a wide variety of different types of constructions having pretrimmed synthetic filament units. The apparatus is capable of picking and trimming all the synthetic filament required in a single tufted construction simultaneously and simultaneously assembling said filament into said construction. The apparatus comprises a filament stock box for dispensing cut-to-length synthetic filament, a new and improved picking element containing trimming and internal wedge means, which when inserted into the stock box will pick and trim the desired construction, and means for fusing the end of the picked construction and for mounting the prefused end thereof to form a filament construction.

Abstract: Method of cutting pipe using a pipe cutter including annular, axially aligned, gear, grip and cutter sections and a central shaft within the sections. The shaft is geared to the gear section for rotation in response to axial upward movement of the shaft relative to the gear section. The grip section carries pivoted jaws which are cammed outwardly by an enlarged diameter portion of the shaft in response to axial upward movement of the shaft relative to the gear, grip and cutter sections. The cutter section is journalled to the lower end of the grip section and carries a plurality of pivoted cutting blades movable laterally outwardly into engagement with the inner wall of the pipe casing in response to axial upward movement of the shaft. The cutter section is also splined to the shaft for rotation therewith. A cylinder is carried at the upper end of the gear section and the upper end of the shaft carries a piston in the cylinder.

Abstract: Disclosed is a solid state wristwatch of small size particularly adapted for use as a ladies' watch. A plurality of small individual display stations formed of light emitting diodes are mounted on one side of a laminar ceramic substrate. The stations are viewed through a window formed of hardened red glass arcuately curved in the direction of the long dimension of the display. The watch case or bezel is similarly curved to conform to the window providing a more pleasing appearance and to conserve space.

Abstract: Disclosed is apparatus for keeping a vehicle operator awake by means of an audible alarm or signal responsive to a nodding or tilting forward movement of the head of the operator of the vehicle. The apparatus includes a switch mounted on a hat, ear hook or head band, worn by the vehicle operator and which switch is closed upon the tilting forward of the operator's head to complete an electrical circuit providing power from a battery to an alarm. The battery and alarm may be enclosed in a casing which may be clipped to the operator's wearing apparel, or mounted on the dash board of a vehicle and a flexible electrical line interconnects the hat, head band or ear hook and the casing or dash board to permit freedom of operator movement; also, an electrical connector may be provided on the flexible electrical line to permit the hat, head band or ear hook and casing or dashboard to be electrically and mechanically disconnected.

Abstract: Disclosed is a molded case type magnetic circuit breaker having improved performance and an increased current rating. A corrosion and temperature resistant stainless steel wire screen having specific wire and mesh opening sizes overlies a novel exhaust gas baffle arrangement to cool and disperse arc chamber gases venting from the breaker. Flashover during high current switching, due to conduction through the exhaust gas plasma, is eliminated. Also disclosed is a novel arc chamber construction for the circuit breaker and a marine baffle for adapting the breaker to use in potentially explosive atmospheres.

Abstract: A dry or moist filter element for tobacco smoke is described. The filter comprises a resilient liquid-impervious tubular casing with a porous plug of filter material at either end thereof. A chamber is provided within the casing, between the plugs, defined by mutually spaced walls adjacent the inner end of each plug. Each end wall has at least one port therein to allow the passage of smoke therethrough. A liquid containing, frangible or collapsible module is disposed within the chamber. The module is shaped to permit the passage of smoke through the filter, and designed to admit the liquid contained therein, through the ports, into the plugs when the central portion of the casing is compressed. The filter element of this invention then may be used as a dry filter, or if desired, as a moistened or wet filter merely by compressing the casing to rupture or collapse the module.

Abstract: Disclosed is a solid state wristwatch having a digital light emitting diode display and a low battery voltage circuit for actuating the display to indicate the approach of battery failure. The battery voltage sensing circuit draws power only when the display is energized and causes one of the display stations to blink. It comprises a silicon band gap reference voltage circuit for comparing the battery voltage with a reference voltage that is independent of temperature and battery voltage variations.

Abstract: An apparatus for comminuting bulky objects, especially vehicle tires and parts of automobile bodies, comprises two parallel shafts arranged for rotation in opposite directions and at different speeds, each shaft being driven by a separate hydraulic motor and provided with comminuting rings alternately axially staggered with respect to one another on each of the shafts. The rings are provided with means including sharp, pointed portions for seizing and comminuting the objects while conveying them through interstices defined between adjacent rings on the shafts and by smooth portions of the shafts themselves. The shafts comprise a number of alternately disposed grooved bearing surfaces and smooth surfaces constituting the smooth portions. The rings are formed of a number of ring-elements, each in the shape of a sector of an annulus and having a grooved, concave, cylindrical inner surface engaged with a portion of a grooved bearing surface.

Abstract: A treatment to alleviate the symptoms of diseases characterized by defects in keratinization consisting of the topical application of an ointment or lotion containing one or more lower aliphatic compounds having from two to about six carbon atoms, and preferably having .alpha.-carbon functionality is disclosed. The compounds include .alpha.-hydroxy acids, keto acids and esters thereof, and 3-hydroxybutyric acid. The therapeutic composition may include one or more of the compounds present in a total amount of from one to twenty percent in either a water or alcohol solution or an ointment. Topical application to affected areas has been found to achieve a complete remission of dandruff, acne and palmar and plantar hyperkeratosis.

Abstract: The pipelaying barge comprises a pair of laterally spaced, elongated hulls having a plurality of upstanding columns spaced therealong supporting a working platform in spaced relation above the hulls and on which platform is carried a pipe section assembly line and one or more cranes movable longitudinally along the platform and capable of servicing the pipe section assembly line. The hulls have ballast compartments to submerge the hulls and portions of the stabilizing columns to a high draft condition with the mean waterline at a necessary and desirable locus intermediate the height of the stabilizing columns. A transition segment is connected to the stern of the barge for support of the "air length" segment of the pipeline between the stern of the barge and the point of entry of the pipeline into the water and preferably also supporting a short segment of pipeline in the water as the pipeline is payed out from the barge.

Abstract: The vessel comprises a pair of laterally spaced elongated hulls having a plurality of upstanding columns spaced therealong supporting a working platform in spaced relation above the hulls a distance slightly greater than the maximum anticipated wave height. The hulls buoyantly support the vessel in a low draft floating condition with the hulls having freeboard. The hulls have ballast compartments to submerge the hulls and portions of the stabilizing columns to a distance of approximately half the effective height of the stabilizing columns which is slightly greater than maximum anticipated wave height, to maintain the vessel in a high draft floating condition with the platform elevated above the waterline. The columns stabilize the vessel in the high draft condition about roll and pitch axes. The working platform mounts either a drilling rig or a heavy duty crane or like operational equipment along the centerline of the vessel..[.This application is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No.