Abstract: A substantially liquid gellant formed as one or more reaction products of a metal carboxylate or metal carboxylate amine salt, one or more organic acids, an ester which drives the reaction so that the reaction products are asymmetrical in structure, and a rheology modifier which preferentially interacts between the reaction products for prevent solidifying of the gellant reaction products until such time as the gellant is mixed with the fracturing fluid containing an activator after which the reaction products preferentially interact with the activator to gel the fracturing fluid. The resulting gellant is capable of gelling a hydrocarbon base fluid in less than about 30 seconds.

Abstract: A clay stabilizer which is capable of inhibiting swelling in a wide variety of clay types and is also capable of restoring permeability in formations which have previously been damaged by clay swelling. Amine salts of differing molecular weights configurations and ionic strength are combined to provide transport into micropores, mesopores and macropores in the formation and to effect cationic change therein. A poly quaternary amine having a high to very high charge density is added along with lower molecular weight amine salts to substantially permanently exchange cations with the clay in the formation.

Abstract: An acidizing formulation for use in the stimulation of hydrocarbon production is stable when packaged and stored as a single fluid for periods exceeding one year. The formulation contains a miscibility solvent which substantially prevents any phase separation between the constituents and lack of dispersion of the additives in the fluid.

Abstract: A portable, fully enclosed compact disc storage apparatus or unit is provided which stores a multiplicity of discs, without risk of damage to their written surfaces. The storage unit comprises a two-part toroidal shaped housing, a circular magazine for supporting the discs, engaged on their unwritten edges by pairs of raised projections limited in height to that of the unwritten portion of a disc. A user-actuated lever engages the bottom of the discs and lift them from the magazine and out of the housing through an access slot. An indexing knob and notches means aligns a disc with the access slot and prevents unwanted rotation of the magazine relative to the housing between disc access and removal. A series of numbers are formed on the outer circumferential flanged edge of the magazine to aid in cataloging and identifying the magazine's contents.