Abstract: Apparatus for charging a substrate, comprising: an elongated charging member having a crowned surface; an elongated pressure member having, the pressure member being supported for pressure engagement with the charging member to form a nip therebetween adapted to receive the substrate. There is also disclose a method for making the apparatus.

Abstract: A method for determining an humidity in a xerographic printing machine with a corona generating device having a grid, a coronode, and a power supply for supply power to said grid and coronode, comprising: measuring a first temperature in a xerographic printing machine; setting the grid at a predefined voltage with the power supply; applying a charge output voltage and a charge output current to the coronode with the power supply; monitoring the charge output voltage and the charge output current to the coronode from the power supply until a predefined charge output voltage is reached; changing the first temperature in a xerographic printing machine to a second temperature; repeating said setting, said applying, and said monitoring for a second temperature; correlating the charge output current when said predefined charge output voltage is reached at said first temperature to the charge output current when said predefined charge output voltage is reached at said second temperature to an humidity value.

Abstract: An electrographic, two-component dry developer composition including charged toner particles and oppositely charged carrier particles which (a) includes: an combination of a soft magnetic material exhibiting a coercivity of at least 300 gauss when magnetically saturated, exhibit an induced magnetic moment of less than 20 EMU/gm of carrier when in an applied field of 1000 gauss and (b) a hard magnetic material exhibiting a coercivity of at least 300 gauss when magnetically saturated, exhibit an induced magnetic moment of at least 20 EMU/gm of carrier when in an applied field of 1000 gauss.

Abstract: A donor structure for developing toner images to an image receiving surface, said structure including a core structure; end caps including journal portions attached to said core structure;a bearing for operatively supporting said donor structure in an imaging device; and electrically isolating coatings carried by said journal portions, said electrically isolating coatings being interposed between said journal portions and said bearings.

Abstract: Imageable seamed intermediate transfer belts having a large seam surface area, and marking machines that use such imageable seamed intermediate transfer belts. The seamed intermediate transfer belt having an inner surface and an outer surface having predefine surface properties for the purpose of imaging. A belt is formed from a semiconductive substrate having a first end and a second end that are mated to form a seam. An adhesive is disposed over the joint whereupon joint can be burnished or overcoated with a material that substantially imitate predefined surface properties of the belt.

Abstract: In a development system there is provided a developer transport adapted for depositing developer material on an imaging surface having an electrostatic latent image thereon, including: a housing defining a chamber storing a supply of developer material including carrier and toner; a donor member, mounted partially in the chamber and spaced from the imaging surface, for transporting developer on an outer surface thereof to a region opposed from the imaging surface, the donor member having a magnetic assembly having a plurality of poles, a sleeve, enclosing the magnetic assembly, rotating about the magnetic assembly; a plurality of trim bars positioned about the donor member at a predefined positions and spacing around the donor member, the plurality of trim bars progressively reducing developer bed height of the developer material on the donor member to a predefined developer bed height within a development nip.

Abstract: An apparatus for developing a latent image recorded on a movable imaging surface, including: a reservoir for storing a supply of developer material; a first donor member and a second donor member, the first and second donor members both being arranged to receive toner particles from the reservoir and to deliver toner particles to the image surface at locations spaced apart from each other in the direction of movement of the imaging surface thereby to develop the latent image thereon; and system for moving the outer surface of first donor member at a first velocity; and system for moving the outer surface of second donor member at a second velocity; wherein the first velocity could be slightly different than the second velocity to reduce a ghosting print defect.

Abstract: In a sheet output system with a stacking tray for accumulating, registering, and stacking on top of preceding sheets in a superposed set stack the printed sheets sequentially individually outputted by a reproduction system; a low force sheet hole punching system integral the output stacking tray for punching holes through only one individual sheet at a time on top of the set stack, before the next sequential sheet is so registered and stacked, with all of the sheets having underlying commonly superposed sheet holes.

Abstract: An apparatus which transfers a developed image from a photoconductive member to a sheet. A sheet baffle guides an advancing sheet to the photoconductive member at the transfer station. A sheet guide having an elongated axis extending in a transverse direction to the planar surface of the imaging member; said sheet guide including a roller assembly on a sheet exit portion of said sheet guide.

Abstract: An apparatus for developing a latent image recorded on an imaging surface with toner, including: a developer housing including a reservoir for storing a supply of toner; a donor member for transporting toner on an outer surface of the donor member to a development zone; a purging system, adjacent to the donor member, for removing toner the donor member and the reservoir.

Abstract: A sensing system for detecting a full condition within a waste developer system, the sensing system including a developer waste container for receiving and holding waste developer material comprising toner and carrier deposited therein from a developer system; a sensor assembly mounted exterior to the developer waste container, the sensor including a reed switch being responsive to the level of material in the developer waste container when the material in the developer waste container reaches a predetermined level.

Abstract: An apparatus for developing a latent image recorded on an imaging surface with a custom color toner, including a developer housing for developing a portion of the latent image with the toner of custom color. The developer housing includes a donor member for transporting toner of the custom color to a development zone to develop the latent image. A replaceable reservoir unit is provided for mixing and supplying the custom color toner to the donor member. An array of toner dispensers is provided for supplying various primary color toners, as required, to achieve the custom color, and additional reservoirs having various colored toners therein to allow for faster convergence to a given point in the color space.

Abstract: An electrographic, two-component dry developer composition comprising charged toner particles and oppositely charged carrier particles which (a) includes: a soft magnetic material exhibiting a coercivity of less than 300 gauss when magnetically saturated and (b) exhibit an induced magnetic moment of less than 20 EMU/gm of carrier when in an applied field of 1000 gauss; and a hard magnetic material exhibiting a coercivity of at least 300 gauss when magnetically saturated and (b) exhibit an induced magnetic moment of at least 20 EMU/gm of carrier when in an applied field of 1000 gauss.

Abstract: A toner maintenance system for an electrophotographic developer unit, including a sump for storing a quantity of developer material comprised of toner material; a first member for transporting developer material from the sump, a viewing window, in communication with toner material, in the sump; an optical sensor, for measuring reflected light off the viewing window and toner material, and generating a signal indicative thereof. A toner concentration controller is adapted to receive a signal from the optical sensor and to generate an “Add Toner” signal to replenish toner material in the sump.

Abstract: A duplex/simplex printer for producing toner particle images on opposite sides of a substrate during a duplex mode or producing toner particle images on one side of the substrate during a simplex mode including: means for forming a first toner particle image on an imaging member with toner particles electrostatically charged to a first polarity; an image conditioner, being enable only during the duplex mode, for reversing the charge polarity of the particles of the first toner particle image on the imaging member; an intermediate member for receiving of the first toner particle image during the duplex mode; a bias transfer roll, positioned opposed from the imaging member with the intermediate member therebetween, for transferring the first image to the intermediate member by moving the intermediate member and the imaging member past the bias transfer roll being charged at the first polarity during the duplex mode, the duplex mode includes the forming means forming a second toner particle image on the imaging

Abstract: An apparatus fabricating a resonator including a horn member and a plurality of piezoelectric members which are secured together by an adhesive layer, including a support element for holding said horn securely in place; and a plurality of clamping bars for applying a discrete force to each one of said plurality of piezoelectric members, each one of said plurality of clamping bars is in contact and associated with an individual piezoelectric member from said plurality of piezoelectric elements thereby maintaining a substantially uniform adhesive layer thickness between said horn and each of one said plurality of piezoelectric members.

Abstract: A toner maintenance system for an electrophotographic developer unit, including a sump for storing a quantity of developer material comprised of carrier and toner material; a first member for transporting a mixture of developer material and toner particles from the sump, the first member having a voltage applied thereto; a metering blade, positioned closely adjacent to the first member to maintain the compressed pile height of the developer material on first member at a desired level; and a sensor device for measuring the current between the first member and the metering blade, and generating a signal indicative thereof.

Abstract: In a development system including a developer transport adapted for depositing developer material on an imaging surface having an electrostatic latent image thereon, including: a housing defining a chamber storing a supply of developer material comprising soft magnetic toner; a donor member, mounted partially in the chamber and spaced from the imaging surface, for transporting developer on an outer surface thereof to a region opposed from the imaging surface, the donor member having a magnetic assembly having a plurality of poles, a sleeve, enclosing the magnetic assembly, rotating about said magnetic assembly; and a vibrating member positioned in between the magnetic assembly and the sleeve at a predefined position around the donor roll, the vibrating member fluidizing the developer material on the donor member to prevent developer bed freezing, to prevent long-range carrier bead chain formation, and to smooth developer bed height-banding on the donor member before a development zone.

Abstract: A micro-electromechanical fluid ejector including a substrate having an insulating layer thereon; a conductor formed on said insulating layer; a membrane adjacent to said conductor, said membrane having a corrugated, multi-layer structure for added rigidity; and an actuator chamber formed between said membrane and said conductor, said membrane flexing toward said conductor when a voltage bias is applied thereto.

Abstract: An apparatus for removing residual particles from an imaging surface, including: a cleaning blade having an edge adapted to remove the residual particles from the imaging surface; a vibrating member, connected to said cleaning blade, for vibrating said cleaning blade at a predefine frequency to cause stress in contact points between individual residual particles which are in contact with imaging surface thereby improving releasing of residual particles from the imaging surface.