Abstract: A solid state ion concentration measuring electrode having the ion concentration measuring electrode structure formed by successive layers on an insulating substrate with an outer ion sensitive glass layer being deposited on a substantially thermally matched supporting solid electrolyte layer by RF sputtering. The reference electrode is similarly formed by depositing an outer layer of glass onto a supporting solid electrolyte layer by RF sputtering with the temperature expansion of the glass and supporting solid electrolyte structure being selected to produce a differential expansion causing random cracking of the glass layer during temperature cycling of the referenece electrode. A combination structure is provided wherein the ion concentration measuring electrode and the reference electrode are formed on opposite sides of the same electrically insulating substrate with a thermal compensating element being included in the integrated package.

Abstract: A method for low temperature bonding of silicon and silicon on sapphire and spinel to nickel and nickel steel using a layered structure with an aluminum interface between the nickel or nickel steel and the silicon. The bonding is achieved in a reducing atmosphere using a temperature of 640 to 650 degrees C. with a pressure of 100 to 150 psi on the layered structure for a period of approximately five minutes with a subsequent cooling to avoid strains in the bond. An example of the transducer apparatus utilizing such a bonding technique includes a nickel steel housing and a silicon on spinel transducer wafer having a silicon peripheral pad with an aluminum layer bonding the silicon pad to the nickel steel housing.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION1. Field of the InventionThe present invention relates to bonding techniques. More specifically, the present invention is directed to a method for bonding silicon to nickel and a transducer apparatus utilizing such a bonding technique.2.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for fluid sample injection for a chromatograph using an acoustic or sonic generator generating standing waves in a hollow tube. A selectively controlled source of a carrier fluid is arranged to apply a carrier fluid to one end of the tube. A source of sample fluid is connected by a valve to a predetermined location along the tube corresponding to the location of a node separation space in a standing wave generated by the acoustic signal generator. A sample exit port is located on the other side of the hollow tube and is controlled by a valve to provide an exit for the sample fluid flowing across the hollow tube between the nodes. Another end of the tube that is connected to a chromatographic column to supply the sample thereto for separation and subsequent application to a chromatographic detector. A timing and control circuit is used to control the frequency and amplitude of the acoustic signal generator and the timing of the operation of the carrier gas and sample control valves.

Abstract: Electrodes for an electromagnetic flow meter are mounted through a pipe wall using pairs of concentric electrodes electrically insulated from each other and from the mounting pipeline while electrically contacting a fluid in the pipeline being measured for flow rate. The electrode pairs are held on the pipeline wall on a line intersecting the fluid flow at a right angle and are electrically connected to supply signals induced by the fluid flow to a measuring circuit. The concentric electrode structure provides two electrode pairs at each electrode site on the pipeline wall.

Abstract: A micro-organism culture bottle is molded of a high strength, high transparency, high temperature plastic which exhibits low permeability to oxygen and carbon dioxide and which is chemically inert to the substances intended to be used therewith. The neck of the bottle is asymmetrically positioned on the front face of the bottle to be located below the liquid level line when the bottle is operational to permit an in situ subculture extraction. A pair of substantially identical electrodes are supported from the rear wall of the bottle and extend parallel to the bottom of the bottle in a position to be also totally below the liquid level line. A frosted area on the front face of the bottle is provided upon which pertinent data may be written.

Abstract: In the method and apparatus disclosed herein, heat processing pulsing current is passed, on command, through the conductive backing of an exposed record sheet of heat-processable photosensitive material. The sheet resistance is included as one arm of a bridge which contains a settable comparison resistance in another arm. The cold sheet resistance is sensed and is used by a sample and hold arrangement to set the comparison resistance to a corresponding comparison value which represents the cold sheet resistance multiplied by a preselected percentage. That percentage is one which is known to correspond to the desired processing temperature to which the sheet temperature is to be raised in order to effect the processing of the sheet.

Abstract: A computer system includes a main memory and a cache memory arrangement, wherein a cache memory unit is associated with each of the several CPU's in the system. Each cache responds to the virtual address signals issued by the associated CPU, in parallel with a mapper unit which, in turn, converts the virtual address signals to physical address signals for addressing the main memory. The cache is subdivided into subunits each responding to a particular program of a multiprogram CPU. When any of the CPUs address a shared portion of the main memory, the mapper unit recognizes the address of the shared portion of the main memory and issues an inhibit signal to inhibit the operation of the cache memory unit to prevent data from the shared portion of the main memory from being stored in the cache.

Abstract: A data communication system having a pair of data signal carrying conductors with each conductor providing an independent data link between a central station and a remote, or field, station. The data signal carrying conductors are each routed over a separate path different from any other conductor path between the central station and the remote station and are selectively substituted for use as a data signal carrying conductor upon the detection of an error in the operation of the data conductor currently in use.

Abstract: A slide-wire assembly has a first and a second separately movable contact arranged to engage a semicircular wire-wound resistance element or slide-wire. Clam shell halves of a molded case enclosing the slide-wire assembly are arranged to support the resistance element and a motor drive for one of the slide-wire contacts. The first slide-wire contact is supported on a separately movable element coaxial with a motor drive output shaft but restrained from movement therewith while providing a respective contact adjustment capability. A flexible coupling between the motor output shaft and the driven slide-wire contact enables the molded case to align the contact to apply a contact pressure in a first direction to the second slide-wire contact.

Abstract: A rotary spherical plug valve having an annular valve seat, a closure member formed as a portion of sphere, support arms for supporting the closure member with one of the arms being connected to a driving shaft at a hub having a hole for admitting the shaft with a slightly larger diameter than the shaft and a force transmitting means in the form of a cylindrical connection member disposed between a semi-cylindrical groove in the shaft and a semi-cylindrical internal recess in the wall surrounding the hole in the hub.

Abstract: The two supports for the plug in an eccentric rotary valve are joined and rotatively coupled by a wing member. As the plug is rotated from its closed position on the cooperating seat by the rotation of a shaft fixed to one of the plug supports, the wing member lies in the fluid flowing through the valve. This fluid flow causes the wing member to exert a rotative force on the shaft in the direction to move the plug in its valve-opening direction. This force shifts the inherently unstable control region of a rotative force, which the fluid flow causes the plug to exert on the shaft, and thereby extends and widens the range of the plug positions in which an external rotative force applied to the shaft, as by a valve actuator, can uniquely determine, and exert exclusive control over, the shaft and plug positions.

Abstract: Pyrolyzing apparatus for a mass spectrometer includes a sample holder in the form of a small glass rod having in the end thereof a cylindrical depression of a predetermined small volume. The indentation is to be filled with the predetermined quantity of the substance to be analyzed. The rod is inserted into a supporting structure with the sample holding depression immediately adjacent the ionizing chamber of a quadrupole mass spectrometer. Surrounding the end of the glass rod holding the sample is a heater element which is energized in accordance with a predetermined program to rapidly raise the temperature of the sample to a predetermined initial level, then to increase the temperature of the sample in accordance with an exponential curve to a maximum of a predetermined temperature level. The shape of the sample holder is such that, under the influence of the heat, substantially all of the pyrolyzed molecules will be directed into the ionization chamber where the molecules will be ionized.

Abstract: The servo apparatus includes a series resistor string connected in parallel with the body of the servo slidewire resistor. Upscale and downscale travel limit voltage points, corresponding to upscale and downscale travel limit positions for the slidewire contact, are established along the resistor string. The limit voltages on the limit voltage points are separately compared with the slidewire contact voltage, and appropriate motor drive signal interrupting signals are produced when the slidewire contact voltage exceeds the upscale limit voltage or drops below the downscale limit voltage. The interrupting signals effect their motor drive signal interrupting action by reversing the output polarity of motor drive comparators which produce the motor drive signals under the control of an error amplifier which compares the apparatus input voltage to the slidewire contact voltage.

Abstract: An automated micro-organism culture growth and detection apparatus includes a plurality of carousel trays arranged in pairs, providing receptacles for a plurality of culture bottles. The bottles each include a pair of electrodes submerged in the culture liquid and extend through an end wall of the bottle to form contact points. The receptacles include a pair of spring finger electrical contacts for each bottle to connect the electrodes to a measuring circuit. The complementary sets of the pairs of carousel trays are driven in counter-rotational directions to provide agitation for the culture during incubation and to index the individual to an access door in the incubation chamber surrounding the assembled carousel trays. A continuous flow of air at a controlled temperature is caused to flow through the incubation chamber which, together with the agitation, promotes the rapid growth of micro-organism in the culture bottles.

Abstract: A distance measuring apparatus and a differential pressure transmitter utilizing the same having an ultrasonic element reflector mounted between a pair of ultrasonic transducers. The alternate operation of the ultrasonic transducers produces a pair of transducer energizing signals which are related to the relative separation of the reflector element from the transducers. In one embodiment, the reflector element is mounted within a closed pressure vessel divided internally by an ultrasonic reflector diaphragm with a pair of fluid inlet lines admitting respective pressurized fluids to corresponding sides of the reflector diaphragm.

Abstract: An improved beginning-of-tape/end-of-tape sensor for magnetic recording apparatus includes a metalic foil strip adhered to the reverse side of the magnetic record, the opposite side from the oxide, and positioned at the desired longitudinal positions on the tape. A pair of capacitive detectors are positioned adjacent the oxide surface of the tape to detect a change in capacitance when the metalic foil on the opposite side of the tape effectively bridges the two capacitive detectors. A digital logic comparator is provided for responding to the capacitance change to produce a signal representative of the beginning of tape or end of tape condition.

Abstract: A manual actuator for a motor driven control valve has a fork-shaped lever-type actuating means pivotally mounted on a single valve motor support stud passing between the legs of the fork-shaped actuating means. One end of the legs of the fork-shaped actuating means is formed as a cam surface to transmit a valve actuating force to a cam support attached to a valve stem driven by the valve motor. The other end of the legs of the actuating means are each rotatably attached to respective external trunnions on an internally threaded nut threaded on a threaded control rod. One end of the control rod is attached to a handwheel while the other end of the control rod is held in a ball and socket connection supported on the valve stud and spaced from the pivot for the actuating means.

Abstract: A fluid test sample apparatus has a plurality of fluid test cells arranged on the periphery of a motor driven test cell tray. The fluids to be tested and respective reagents are introduced separately into corresponding test cells and are subsequently mixed in a reaction chamber for subsequent analysis by viewing the end product on the reaction through transparent walls of the reaction cell. The fluid samples and reagents are stored in separate radially displaced adjacent chambers and are mixed by a centrifugal force exerted thereon to force the fluids through the interconnecting internal passages in the tray into the reaction cell.

Abstract: A differential pressure to electrical signal transmitter has a pair of barrier diaphragms and a pair of nested internal control bellows located between the barrier diaphragms. A first internal volume defined between one barrier diaphragm and a corresponding mating support plate in the transmitter body is pressurized with a first fluid, and a second internal volume defined by the other barrier diaphragm and a respective mating support plate in the transmitter body is pressurized with a second fluid. The first volume is connected by a first fluid of conduit to a first chamber of a differential pressure sensor and is filled with a first incompressible fill fluid. The second volume is connected by a second fluid conduit to a second chamber of the sensor and is filled with a second incompressible fill fluid. The pressures of the two fill fluids act on opposite sides of the differential pressure sensor whereby an electrical output signal is produced dependent on the difference between the fill fluid pressures.

Abstract: A chart box for accommodating a recording strip chart either in a roll or a folded zig-zag form. The chart box includes two compartments for holding either type of recording chart with a chart driving roller arranged between. A first compartment includes a flap for closing an access to the compartment while guiding the strip chart. The first compartment includes recesses for restraining an axle of a rolled strip chart. The second compartment stores the strip chart by gravity and includes a resiliently mounted pressure roller for guiding the strip chart to the drive roller.