Abstract: A dispersion and a method therefor wherein the dispersion has composition A or B, whereinA is a nonaqueous dispersion comprising pigment particles having an average size of less than 0.1 micrometer dispersed in an organic medium, andB is an aqueous dispersion comprising certain classes of inorganic pigment particles having an average size of less than 0.1 micrometer dispersed in an aqueous medium, wherein said classes of inorganic pigment particles are selected from the group consisting of metal oxides and metal salts.

Abstract: Hydrated sodium silicate particles can be expanded by heat to form thin-walled bubbles that can be broken, neutralized, washed and dried to provide hydrated silica flakes. These flakes can be mixed with non-swelling sorptive particles such as TLC grade silica and used to make chromatographic articles. One such article is a composite of a poly(tetrafluoroethylene) fibril matrix in which those particles and hydrated or fired silica flakes are enmeshed. The hydrated silica flakes can be fired to a refractory state and then incorporated into protective coatings to enhance their resistance to abrasion while also better protecting the coated substrates from corrosion.

Abstract: A new class of macromolecular monomers (hereinafter called "macromonomers") comprises the polymerized product of at least one of an ethenylarene and a conjugated diene monomer, the product having a terminal omega-alkenyl group of at least four carbon atomes. The novel macromonomer can be copolymerized with ethylene and alpha-olefin monomers to form graft copolymers having pendant side-chains. The graft copolymers are useful as coating and molding compositions. The macromonomers can be useful as coatings on chromatographic supports for analytical and preparative separation of chemical mixtures.

Abstract: A tough polymeric mixture comprises the polymerized product of admixture I or II, whereinadmixture I comprises 5 to 45 weight percent of a first monomer and a photoinitiator therefor, said first monomer being at least one free-radically polymerizable monomer, and 95 to 55 weight percent of a second monomer and a photoinitiator therefor, said second monomer being at least one set of polyurethane precursors, andadmixture II comprises 5 to 45 weight percent of a first monomer and a photoinitiator therefor, said first monomer being at least one set of polyurethane precursors, and 95 to 55 weight percent of a second monomer and a photoinitiator therefor, said second monomer being at least one free-radically polymerizable monomer,said polymeric mixture having been prepared by a process involving two sequential actinic radiations of wavelengths ranges centered around .lambda..sub.1 and .lambda..sub.2, respectively, wherein .lambda..sub.1 and .lambda..sub.

Abstract: This invention provides a transparent ceramic article comprising aluminum oxide and aluminum magnesium oxynitride. The ceramic article of the present invention is useful in applications where it is desirable to have an optically transparent ceramic including, for example, in orthodontic brackets, ferrules, and gas tight envelopes.

Abstract: This invention provides synthetic routes for novel single isomers of monocarbamate diols and their polymerization to provide novel polyesters, polyurethanes, polycarbonates, and the like having pendant carbamate groups on the polymer chain. Devices using some of these novel polymers which demonstrate nonlinear optical activity are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention provides novel azlactone-functional oligomers of 2-alkenyl azlactones in which oligomerization has occurred predominantly via the 2-alkenyl group. Oligomerization of the 2-alkenyl group provides oligomers having 2 to 15 mer units with predominantly carbon-carbon backbone segments. Oligomerized in this fashion, the novel compositions possess azlactone groups which can be reacted with nucleophiles in the normal ring-opening sense. The oligomers are prepared by a novel process in which both Lewis and Bronsted acidic catalysts are effective. The reactive oligomers find utility as crosslinking agents for polymers containing azlactone-reactable nucleophilic groups.

Abstract: An energy polymerizable composition and process therefore, comprising a cationically polymerizable material and a catalytically effective amount of an ionic salt of an organometallic complex cation as polymerization initiator, said ionic salt of an organometallic complex cation being capable of adding an intermediate strength nucleophile or upon photolysis capable of liberating at least one coordination site, said metal in said organometallic complex cation being selected from elements of Periodic Groups IVB, VB, VIB, VIIB, and VIIIB are disclosed. Certain of the organometallic metallic polymerization initiators are novel cationic salts.

Abstract: A metallic toner fluid composition that contains (A) electrostatically charged, colloidal elemental metal particles dispersed in an electrically nonconductive organic carrier liquid having a dielectric constant less than about 3.5 and a volume resistivity greater than about 10.sup.12 ohm-cm, (B) a soluble surfactant in an amount sufficient to charge and stabilize the colloidal metal dispersion, and (C) an effective amount of organosol particles and/or a soluble polymer that is not a soluble surfactant (B). Also disclosed is a substrate coated with elemental metallic toner fluid particles. The coated substrate can act as a donor substrate for thermal mass transfer of images to a secondary receiving substrate by performing either or both of the following steps, in any order:(a) transferring the elemental metal coating from the primary substrate to the secondary receiving substrate;(b) contacting the elemental metal coated primary or secondary substrate with an electroless metal plating solution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel fluorinated acrylate and methacrylate ester monomers and homopolymers and copolymers thereof. In another aspect, it relates to a process for preparing monomers of the invention. Homopolymers and copolymers of the invention have units which correspond to the following general chemical formula: ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, halo, a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl or haloalkyl group, or a C.sub.6 to C.sub.10 aryl group,W is --O-- or --NR.sup.1 --, wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl group,X is a carbon-to-carbon single bond or a spacer group,Y is a mesogenic group, andZ is a fluorinated alkyl group.The novel monomers and polymers can be liquid crystals.

Abstract: A method for monitoring the coating weight, uniformity, defects or markings present in a coating of a composition applied to a substrate comprises the steps:a) providing a substrate with a functional coating of a composition comprising an effective amount of uvescer that absorbs radiant energy, i.e., has an excitation energy, of wavelength .lambda..sub.1 and emits radiant energy of wavelength .lambda..sub.2 ;b) scanning the coating with radient energy having a wavelength within wavelength .lambda..sub.1 ;c) detecting the radiant energy of wavelength .lambda..sub.2 emitted by the coating; andd) optionally, correlating the emitted radiant energy to independently measured standard coating weights or thicknesses, of the coating so as to measure coating weight, thickness, uniformity, defects, or markings.

Abstract: This invention provides novel azlactone-functional oligomers of 2-alkenyl azlactones in which oligomerization has occurred predominantly via the 2-alkenyl group. Oligomerization of the 2-alkenyl group provides oligomers having 2 to 15 mer units with predominantly carbon-carbon backbone segments. Oligomerized in this fashion, the novel compositions possess azlactone groups which can be reacted with nucleophiles in the normal ring-opening sense. The oligomers are prepared by a novel process in which both Lewis and Bronsted acidic catalysts are effective. The reactive oligomers find utility as crosslinking agents for polymers containing azlactone-reactable nucleophilic groups.

Abstract: Discrete, free-flowing, ceramic microbubbles consist essentially of at least one of a non-oxide component and an oxide component having diameters in the range of 1 to 300 micrometers and each having a wall thickness of less than 10 percent of the diameter of the bubble. In the process of the invention, a sol precursor and a suitable liquid, referred to as a bloating agent, when added to a bubble promoting medium under proper conditions, provide green gelled microbubbles which after firing are ceramic microbubbles having wall thicknesses less than 10 percent of the diameter of the bubbles. The microbubbles are non-vitreous, sol-gel derived, fine microstructured, uniform, hollow, smooth, and are either essentially all oxide or non-oxide or combinations of both.

Abstract: A polymorph of a phthalocyanine, designated M-phthalocyanine or M-metal phthalocyanine, has spectroscopic properties different from those of any of known crystalline polymorphs of phthalocyanine, the polymorph having been prepared in an environment of at most 0.1 G. In a further aspect, a process is disclosed for preparing novel organic films comprising a closed chamber physical vapor transport (PVT) in a low gravity environment.Films of novel polymorphs have a surface roughness factor in the range of greater than 1.000000 and less than 1.000010, a density of at least 50 percent increase over anypolymorph of the same molecules produced in unit gravity, and in which at least 50 weight percent of the molecules of said film have a common uniaxial orientation.

Abstract: A composite article having controlled void volume and mean pore size comprises:(a) polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) fibril matrix, and(b) insoluble, non-swellable sorptive particles enmeshed in said matrix, the ratio of non-swellable sorptive particles to PTFE is in the range of 40:1 to 1:4 by weight, the composite article having a porosity in the range of 30 to 80 percent void volume and a mean pore size in the range of 0.3 to 5 micrometers, preferably with at least 90 percent of pores having a size less than 3.6 micrometers.The article is prepared by incorporating lubricant in the precursor admixture in an amount sufficient to exceed the lubricant sorptive capacity of the particles by at least 3 weight percent and up to an amount at which the mass loses its integrity.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for depositiing a superconducting thin film comprising at least one high temperature Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O-based superconductor phase onto a substrate such as, for example, a ceramic oxide or a metal. High temperature Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O-based superconductor phases include Bi.sub.2 Sr.sub.2 CaCu.sub.2 O.sub.8, Bi.sub.4 Sr.sub.3 Ca.sub.3 Cu.sub.4 O.sub.16, and Bi.sub.2 Sr.sub.2 Ca.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.10.

Abstract: A curable composition, the cure of which can be monitored optically, comprises at least one of a hydride curable silicone, an ethylenically unsaturated compound, and a cationically polymerizable monomer, and as cure monitor dibenzofulvene or derivatives thereof. The cure monitor is a latent fluorophore which reacts under the cure conditions to form a UV-detectable fluorophore.The invention also provides a method for measuring degree of cure of a polymeric material which can be a coating or an article.

Abstract: Novel fluorinated, acrylamide monomers are prepared from 2-alkenyl azlactones reacted with fluorinated alcohols. The novel monomers have the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.6 are independently hydrogen or methyl; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 independently can be an alkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl group, or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 taken together with the carbon to which they are joined can form a carbocyclic ring containing 4 to 12 ring atoms;R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl;a is 0 or 1;b is 1 or 2;X is a single bond, CH.sub.2, CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.2, and CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.2 ; andR.sub.F is a substantially perfluorinated alkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl group when b is 1 and perfluorinated alkylene when b is 2.Novel polymers and copolymers can be prepared from the monomers of the invention.

Abstract: A dispersion and a method therefor wherein the dispersion has composition A or B, whereinA is a nonaqueous dispersion comprising pigment particles having an average size of less than 0.1 micrometer dispersed in an organic medium, andB is an aqueous dispersion comprising certain classes of inorganic pigment particles having an average size of less than 0.1 micrometer dispersed in an aqueous medium, wherein said classes of inorganic pigment particles are selected from the group consisting of metal oxides and metal salts.

Abstract: Novel, linear, film-forming polymers and copolymers can be coated on certain metal surfaces, which polymers or copolymers are derived from one or more classes of ethylenically-unsaturated monomers and include at least one novel monomer having a bidentate chelating moiety. The polymers which contain bidentate chelating groups provide significant and varied chemical modification to a metal surface. When coated on a metal surface the polymers are useful as a protective coating or a priming layer.