Abstract: An image signal is filtered in one or two-dimensions for obtaining an unsharp signal in a detail emphasis process of an image reproduction system.A one-dimensional image signal filtering is carried out in one of the main and sub-scanning directions so that the first K image signals and the other K image signals out of 2K image signals are respectively summed to obtain first and second sum signals, which are subjected to a cumulus computation to obtain a filtered signal U.sub.2 expressed by: ##EQU1## for (2K-1) image signals d.sub.i (i: K, K-1, . . . 1, 0, -1, -k+2 In this regard, a cumulus computation refers to computation expressed by p.sub.n -Q.sub.n +R.sub.n-1 =R.sub.n, wherein P.sub.n is an addition signal and Q is a subtraction signal where n is the input order of each of the signals and R.sub.n-1 is the result of the previous computation.By filtering the thus-obtained (2K-1) one-dimensionally filtered signal U.sub.2i (i=K, . . .

Abstract: A method of controlling a step motor for rotating and halting a rotor of the step motor at a predetermined position by applying a driving voltage or a holding voltage lower than the driving voltage to a plurality of stator coils, in which the holding voltage is applied to the final magnetization phase for a predetermined time period, and thereafter the driving voltage is applied to the final magnetization phase for a predetermined time period, whereby the rotor is halted at the final magnetization phase at a high preciseness.

Abstract: A standard gradation correction curve independent of characteristics of an original image is prepared in advance. An accumulated density historgram curve of the original is obtained from image data of the original. A first gradation correction curve is obtained by modifying the standard gradation correction curve, while a second gradation correction curve is obtained by modifying the accumulated density histogram curve. A third gradation correction curve is obtained by linear combination of the first and second gradation conversion curves to perform gradation correction of the image data on the basis of the third gradation correction curve.

Abstract: A layout designating sheet is placed on a layout designating sheet receiving panel and light is emitted from one side thereof to illuminate illustrations provided on the layout designating sheet on to an original receiving panel overlapped there on. Being overlapped with illuminated illustrations of the layout designating sheet, angles of originals corresponding to the illustrations are adjusted on the original receiving panel. Angle data marks are applied by angle data mark supply guide means to the angle-adjusted originals or to auxiliary sheets adhered to the originals. With reference to the angle data marks, the originals are adhered to a cylinder of an input scanner. Thus, the originals can be quickly adhered to the cylinder of the input scanner at required angles.

Abstract: A system is provided for closing a conduit having a gripless inner surface, comprising a sealing wall and an annular seal disposed between the wall and the conduit. Beams connected to the wall by adjustable tie-rods, disposed bearing against the inlet end of the conduit, support and immobilize said sealing wall.

Abstract: A dead tank type gas circuit breaker has a deflection member (102a) in a supporting member (10) for a fixed contact is disclosed; and the deflection member (102a) deflects flow of the hot gas, to make a region of non-direct exposure to hot gas in which area an insulator (12) for fixing the supporting member (10) is provided.