Abstract: The present invention relates to new substituted N-methylenethioureas of the general formula (I) ##STR1## in which n, Het, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 have the meanings given in the description,to a process for their preparation, and to their use in pesticides, in particular as insecticides.

Abstract: N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine can be prepared by reacting aniline and 1-naphthylamine in the liquid phase at 100-400.degree. C. at a reaction pressure which is higher than atmospheric pressure. Boron and fluorine-containing catalysts, mono or polysulfonic acids, iodine, PCl.sub.3, PCl.sub.5, or POCl.sub.3, for example, may be used as catalysts.

Abstract: Free-flowing compression molding compositions made up of from about 40 to about 80 wt. % of organic filler, from about 20 to about 60 wt. % of an organic reactive resin, and optionally further auxiliary substances and additives. The reactive resin contains an epoxide which may be liquid, a latent catalyst and a powdered polyisocyanate which is solid at room temperature.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for simultaneously obtaining pure carbon monoxide and pure hydrogen in a steam reformer plant for hydrogen or ammonia generation, having a primary reformer, a secondary reformer and downstream thereof, a CO conversion stage. A part gas stream of the synthesis gas stream, which is discharged from the secondary reformer having a CO content of between 2 and 20 mol. % and is at a temperature of from 200 to 500.degree. C. and a pressure between 15 and 50 bar, is removed between the secondary reformer and the CO conversion stage. The part gas stream is then is cooled to a temperature below 100.degree. C., thereby condensing out the major part of the steam contained in the gas stream. The remaining raw synthesis gas stream is then guided by way of a multistage gas separation plant in which the gas components H.sub.2, residual steam, CH.sub.4, CO.sub.2 and optionally N.sub.2 are separated, either individually or together, from the CO.

Abstract: In a process for producing aliphatic .alpha.,.omega.-diols comprising 4 to 12 C atoms from aliphatic .alpha.,.omega.-dicarboxylic acids comprising 4 to 12 C atoms, an oligoester of average chain length n=3 to n=4.5 and with an acid number of 40 to 60 mg KOH/g reaction mixture is first formed from a diol and a dicarboxylic acid, which oligoester is thereafter catalytically hydrogenated in the liquid phase. Hydrogenation is carried out continuously at 180 to 250.degree. C. and at an H.sub.2 pressure of 100 to 400 bar, over a pelletised catalyst which is free from Zn oxide and which comprises pressed powders of Cu, Mn and Al oxides with a content of at least one oxide of metals of subgroup VI of the periodic table of the elements (Mendeleev). The amount of H.sub.2 is 20 to 100 times the amount required stoichiometrically.

Abstract: Moulded bodies are described which comprise a humus-containing plant substrate consolidated with polyurethane/polyurea, which are obtainable by slurrying a humus-containing plant substrate in water, admixing a liquid NCO prepolymer having a maximum NCO content of 15% by weight which has been produced by the reaction of toluene diisocyanate with a polyether polyol component containing at least one aminopolyether polyol in an amount of 0.5 to 100 mole % with respect to the polyol component, and introducing the mixture thus obtained into a mould and allowing it to solidify. A process for producing these moulded bodies is also described, as is their use as growth media for seedlings in the propagation and raising of plants.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of polyurethane foam comprising the steps of (i) mixing at a reaction index of 40 to 400: (a) a polyisocyanate blend comprising at least one polyisocyanate and optionally, additives and fillers; (b) a polyol blend comprising isocyanate reactive components and optionally, water, additional blowing agents, catalysts, surfactants, fillers and other additives; wherein either or both said polyisocyanate blend or said polyol blend contain between 0.3 to about 20 wt. % CO.sub.2 based on the total weight of said polyisocyanate blend and said polyol blend; (ii) introducing and uniformly mixing in liquid form of CO.sub.2 as a blowing agent into either or both said polyisocyanate blend or said polyol blend and maintaining said CO.sub.2 in said liquid form. The present invention also relates to an apparatus, which performs the above-mentioned process.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a process for preparing a reaction product containing methylene diphenylamine, comprising reacting aniline and formaldehyde in the presence of an acid catalyst wherein the acid level of the resulting reaction mixture is reduced during digestion of the reaction mixture.

Abstract: Isocyanate prepolymers which are useful as binders are made from a polyisocyanate mixture and a hydroxyl compound having at least about 1 hydroxyl group. The polyisocyanate mixture is made up of from about 50 to about 60% by weight of polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate and from about 40 to about 50% by weight of an isomeric mixture of diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI). The isomeric mixture of MDI is made up of from about 4 to about 30% by weight of the 2,4'-isomer and from about 70 to about 96% by weight of the 4,4'-isomer. The binders of the present invention are advantageous in that they may be used in high moisture, low temperature conditions without a catalyst. Reduced MDI emissions are also achieved when the binders of the present invention are used to make composite materials.

Abstract: Hydroxyfunctional compounds suitable for use in the polyisocyanate polyaddition process are obtained from polyurethane and/or polyurethane polyurea waste by decomposition with an alcohol and subsequent reaction of the alcoholysis products to reduce their content of low molecular weight, sterically unhindered aromatic amines. In this process, polyurethane and/or polyurethane polyurea waste is first treated with a low molecular weight diol or polyol at a temperature of from about 160 to 260.degree. C. The resultant alcoholysis product may then either be further heated at a temperature lower than that used in the first step within the ranger of from about 50 to 180.degree. C. or reacted with a dialkyl carbonate and/or 1,3-dicarbonyl compound.

Abstract: A process is described for producing pressed materials, particularly wood particle boards, by the hot compaction of raw materials containing lignocellulose which are mixed and/or impregnated with polyisocyanates as binders, with the use of latent, thermally activatable catalysts, wherein ammonium salts from the reaction of amines with malonic acid are used as catalysts.

Abstract: A process is provided for removing sulfur compounds, such as carbonyl sulfide, carbon disulfide, mercaptans and hydrogen sulfide out of a gas, such as methane, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen and methane, by saturating the sulfur compound contaminated gas with steam; hydrolyzing any carbonyl sulfide, carbon disulfide and mercaptans in the gas stream into hydrogen sulfide by contacting the steam and sulfur compound contaminated gas with a catalyst containing an inorganic support uniformly impregnated with a mixture of at least one oxide selected from Group VI transition metals and at least two oxides selected from Groups I, II, VI and VIII transition metals at a temperature of about 20.degree. C. to about 150.degree. C.; oxidizing the hydrogen sulfide in the gas exiting the previous hydrolysis step by contacting the hydrogen sulfide containing gas together with at least a stoichiometric quantity of air and/or oxygen with the catalyst at a temperature of about 15.degree. C. to about 50.degree. C.

Abstract: Aromatic amines are produced by catalytic hydrogenation of nitroaromatic compounds in the gas phase. The catalyst includes palladium and lead on graphite or on a graphite-containing coke support. From 30 to 6000 equivalents of hydrogen for each equivalent of nitro groups are contacted with the catalyst during this process.

Abstract: NCO-terminated prepolymers are made by reacting a polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (PMDI) and a polyol having a functionality of from about 1.8 to about 4.0 and a molecular weight of from about 400 to about 2,000. The PMDI and polyol are reacted in amounts such that the equivalent ratio of isocyanate groups to hydroxyl groups is from about 15:1 to about 160:1. These prepolymers are useful in the production of polyurethane foams, particularly laminated foams.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell (1 ) having a proton-conducting membrane (4) is used in the process for the direct electrochemical gas phase synthesis of phosgene. Dry HCl gas and dry CO gas are supplied as the educts to the anode (2) of the electrochemical cell (1). The chlorine radicals formed on anodic oxidation of the HCl gas then react directly with the CO gas to yield phosgene, while the simultaneously formed protons migrate through the membrane (4) to the cathode (3) and are there reduced to hydrogen or, in the presence of oxygen, to water.

Abstract: Isocyanates are prepared by a continuous process by reacting appropriate primary amines with phosgene in the presence of an isocyanate as solvent, the primary amine optionally dissolved in an inert organic solvent being reacted with phosgene, which is dissolved in the isocyanate, at temperatures of 60 to 150.degree. C. and at pressures of 1 to 30 bar (10.sup.5 to 3.10.sup.6 Pa) to obtain the corresponding isocyanate, wherein the molar ratio of phosgene to amine used is 4:1 to 1:1, and the isocyanate used as solvent is solids-free and has a value for hydrolysable chlorine of less than 2%.

Abstract: In the decomposition of a polymer containing a urethane linkage and/or urea linkage in the presence of a decomposing agent, the amount of evolved carbon dioxide is measured and the decomposition reaction is conducted until a total amount of evolved carbon dioxide reaches a specified value to obtain a liquid decomposition product. According to the present invention, a decomposition product having constant quality can be obtained in a simple manner.

Abstract: Diaminodipropyl ethers and hydroxyaminodipropyl ethers are prepared by catalytic amination of dipropylene glycol.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an improved process for preparing a polyamine mixture derived by reacting aniline with formaldehyde in the presence of an acid catalyst the improvement comprising mildly reducing the polyamine mixture by a process step comprising catalytically or chemically hydrogenating the polyamine mixture in the presence of a metal catalyst.

Abstract: Rigid foams having improved insulation properties are made by reacting a polyisocyanate with an isocyanate-reactive material in the presence of a blowing agent mixture composed of from about 1 to about 30% by weight of at least one C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 polyfluoroalkane and from about 70 to about 99% by weight of an HCFC, preferably an HCFC selected from chlorodifluoromethane, 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane, 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane and mixtures thereof.