Abstract: A traction fluid comprising:(i) a diesteric compound or its derivative represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein A' is an ester linkage of --COO-- or --OOC--, n is a number having a value of from 1 to 10, R.sub.1 is independently selected from hydrogen and alkyl groups containing from 1 to 8 carbons, and R.sub.2 is independently selected from hydrogen and alkyl group containing from 1 to 3 carbons; and(ii) from 0.1 to 95% by weight of a branched poly-.alpha.-olefin .

Abstract: Substituted para-phenylene diamines have been found to be effective antioxidants capable of protecting crankcase lubricating oils from thickening and sludge formation after prolonged exposure to oxygen at elevated temperature.

Abstract: Oil soluble grafted ethylene-alpha-olefin copolymer useful as a viscosity modifier for oleaginous compositions comprising:(i) backbone copolymer of ethylene and at least one other alpha-olefin monomer, said copolymer comprising intramolecularly heterogeneous copolymer chains containing at least one crystallizable segment of methylene units and at least one low crysallinity ethylene-alpha-olefin copolymer segment, wherein said at least one crystallizable segment comprises at least about 10 weight percent of said copolymer chain and contains at least about 57 weight percent ethylene, wherein said low crystallinity segment contains not greater than about 53 weight percent ethylene, and wherein said copolymer has a molecular weight distribution characterized by at least one of a ratio of M.sub.w /M.sub.n of less than 2 and a ratio of M.sub.w /M.sub.w of less than 1.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition exhibiting improved flow properties, specifically low temperature flow properties, and viscometric properties, particularly low temperature viscometric properties comprising lubricating oil and(i) an amount effective to improve the low temperature flow properties of said lubricating oil composition of additive consisting essentially of at least one low molecular weight non-ethylene containing polymer or interpolymer containing pendent ester groups comprising repeating methylene units derived from mixture of aliphatic alcohols, said mixture containing at least about 25 weight percent C.sub.

Abstract: A traction fluid comprising:(i) at least one diester or its derivative represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein A' is an ester linkage, n is an integer of 1 to 6, R.sub.1 is independently selected from hydrogen and alkyl groups containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and R.sub.2 is independently selected from alkyl groups containing from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; and(ii) from 0.1 to 70 wt. % of at least one branched poly-alpha-olefin.

Abstract: An oil soluble dispersant comprising the reaction products of:(1) oil soluble salts, amides, imides, oxazolines, esters, or mixtures thereof of long chain hydrocarbyl substituted mono- and dicarboxylic acids or their anhydrides, (ii) long chain hydrocarbon having a polyamine attached directly thereto, and (iii) Mannich condensation product formed by condensing a long chain hydrocarbyl substituted hydroxy aromatic compound with an aldehyde and a polyalkylene polyamine, said adduct containing at least one reactive group selected from reactive amino groups and reactive hydroxyl groups; and(2) at least one polyepoxide.

Abstract: Improved stability of overbased phenates, particularly when formulated with overbased sulphonates, as well as improved foaming tendency and viscosity is obtained by treating the overbased phenate, either during or subsequent to the overbasing process, with from 0.1 to 10 wt. %, preferably 2 to 6 wt. %, of a carboxylic acid with a C.sub.10 to C.sub.24 unbranched segment, e.g. behenic acid.

Abstract: Degraded molecular weight copolymers of ethylene alpha-olefin are provided. The ethylene alpha-olefin copolymers, before degradation, are characterized by having a narrow molecular weight distribution and are comprised of intramolecularly heterogeneous and intermolecularly homogeneous copolymer chains. The degraded copolymers are useful as viscosity index improvers for oils.

Abstract: A process for preparing a baseoil blend of predetermined coking tendency, and for measuring the effectiveness of additives for reducing coking tendency in baseoils, utilizing the relationship of the content of volatile fractions and low boiling fractions in baseoil to the onset and/or progression of asphaltene formation.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a viscosity index improver for lubricating oil compositions comprising the reaction product of A a copolymer of ethylene and at least one other alpha-olefin monomer, said copolymer grafted with ethylenically monoansaturataed carboxylic acid material and B amido-amine or thioamido-amine comprising the reaction product of a polyamine and alpha, beta-unsaturated compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein X is oxygen or sulfur, Y is OR.sup.4, --SR.sup.4 or ##STR2## and R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are independently selected from hydrogen, hydrocarbyl and substituted hydrocarbyl.

Abstract: Additives for improving the low temperature flow properties of hydrocarbon oils are disclosed, which comprise the condensation reaction product of alkylated phenol and aldehyde, wherein:(a) the polymer composition has a number average molecular weight of at least about 3,000 and a molecular weight distribution of at least about 1.5;(b) in the alkylated phenol reactant the alkyl groups (i) are essentially linear; (ii) have between 6 and 50 carbon atoms; and (iii) have an average number of carbon atoms between about 12 and 26; and(c) not more than about 10 mole % of the alkyl groups on the alkylated phenol have less than 12 carbon atoms and not more than about 10 mole % of the alkyl groups on the alkylated phenol have more than 26 carbon atoms. The additives may also be sulfurized, or produced in a branched backbone form in which monomer reactants are copolymerized with certain tri- or tetrafunctional comonomers.

Abstract: An oil soluble dispersant comprising the reaction products of:(1)(i) oil soluble salts, amides, imides, oxazolines, esters, or mixtures thereof of long chain hydrocarbyl substituted mono- and dicarboxylic acids or their anhydrides; (ii) long chain hydrocarbon having a polyamine attached directly thereto; (iii) Mannich condensation product formed by condensing a long chain hydrocarbyl substituted hydroxy aromatic compound with an aldehyde and a polyamine; and (iv) Mannich condensation product formed by reacting long chain hydrocarbyl substituted mono or dicarboxylic acids or their anhydrides with an aminophenol, which may be optionally hydrocarbyl substituted, to form a long chain hydrocarbyl substituted amide or imide-containing phenol intermediate adduct, and condensing said long chain hydrocarbyl substituted amide or imide-containing phenol adduct with aldehyde and polyamine; said adduct containing at least one reactive group selected from reactive amino groups and reactive hydroxyl groups; and(2) at least

Abstract: An oil soluble dispersant comprising the reaction products of:(1) oil soluble salts, amides, imides, oxazolines, esters, or mixtures thereof of long chain hydrocarbyl substituted mono- and dicarboxylic acids or their anhydrides; (ii) long chain hydrocarbon having a polyamine attached directly thereto; (iii) Mannich condensation product formed by condensing a long chain hydrocarbyl substituted hydroxy aromatic compound with an aldehyde and a polyalkylene polyamine; and (iv) Mannich condensation product formed by reacting long chain hydrocarbyl substituted mono or dicarboxylic acids or their anhydrides with an aminophenol, which may be optionally hydrocarbyl substituted, to form a long chain hydrocarbyl substituted amide or imide-containing phenol intermediate adduct, and condensing said long chain hydrocarbyl substituted amide or imide-containing phenol adduct with aldehyde and polyamine; said adduct containing at least one reactive group selected from reactive amino groups and reactive hydroxyl groups; and(2)

Abstract: This process is one in which a butene feed is passed through a fixed bed of granular aluminum trichloride catalyst, preferably in the presence of an added co-catalyst, to produce a polymerized butene product having number-average molecular weight of greater than about 250.

Abstract: Oil compositions comprising a lubricating oil and oil-soluble ethylene-alpha-olefin copolymer viscosity index improvers are substantially haze-free when said compositions contain an anti-hazing effective amount of a hydrocarbyl substituted succinic acid. The ethylene-alpha-olefin copolymer comprises intramolecularly heterogeneous and intermolecularly homogeneous copolymer chains containing at least one crystallizable segment of methylene units and at least one low crystallinity ethylene-alpha-olefin copolymer segment, wherein said at least one crystallizable segment comprises at least about 10 weight percent of said copolymer chain and contains at least about 57 weight percent ethylene, wherein said low crystallinity segment contains not greater than about 53 weight percent ethylene, and wherein said copolymer has a molecular weight distribution characterized by at least one of a ratio of M.sub.w /M.sub.n of less than 2 and a ratio of M.sub.z /M.sub.w of less than 1.

Abstract: An oil soluble dispersant comprising the reaction products of:(1) (i) oil soluble salts, amides, imides, oxazolines, esters, or mixtures thereof of long chain hydrocarbyl substituted mono- and dicarboxylic acids or their anhydrides, (ii) long chain hydrocarbon having a polyamine attached directly thereto, and (iii) Mannich condensation product formed by condensing a long chain hydrocarbyl substituted hydroxy aromatic compound with an aldehyde and a polyamine, said adduct containing at least one reactive group selected from reactive amino groups and reactive hydroxyl groups; and(2) at least one polythioepoxide. Also disclosed are oleaginous compositions, particularly lubricating oil compositions, containing said dispersant.

Abstract: Poly-n-butene is prepared from a mixed C.sub.4 hydrocarbon feedstream containing less than about 5 wt. % isobutylene using an organo-aluminum chloride-HCl catalyst system wherein the HCl is introduced separately into the feedstream to form organochloride in the feedstream. Polymer product having a very narrow molecular weight distribution is obtained over the M.sub.n range of 300 to 900. Detergents derived from this poly-n-butene exhibit substantially improved performance in lubricating oil compositions.

Abstract: Polybutene is prepared from a mixed C.sub.4 hydrocarbon feedstream using an organo-aluminum/HCl catalyst system wherein the HCl is introduced separately into the feedstream to form organochloride in the feedstream. Polybutene product having a very narrow molecular weight distribution is obtained over the M.sub.n range of 700 to 3,000. Dispersants derived from this polybutene exhibit substantially improved performance in lubricating oil compositions.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition comprising a major amount of mineral oil of lubricating viscosity and at least a viscosity index improving amount of an oil-soluble, saturated, ethylene copolymer, preferably an oxidatively and mechanically degraded ethylene copolymer having an ethylene content of 26-79 wt. % (35-85 mole %), a C.sub.3 to C.sub.18 higher alpha-olefin and from 0.05 to 3.0, optimally 0,8 to 2.5 wt. % of 2,5-norbornadiene and preferably at least a pour point depressing amount of lubricaitng oil pour point depressant, e.g. an alkyl fumarate vinyl acetate copolymer, whereby superior low temperature viscometrics is provided to said lubricating oil composition, compared to the same formulation using an ethylene copolymer not containing 2,5-norbornadiene.

Abstract: Oil compositions comprising a lubricating oil and oil-soluble hydrocarbon polymeric viscosity index improvers such as ethylene-propylene copolymers are substantially haze-free when said compositions contain an anti-hazing effective amount of a hydrocarbyl substituted succinic acid. The invention also relates to the process for preparing said compositions.