Abstract: A mixture of isomeric methyl ethenyl benzenes having a particular distribution of isomers is useful for preparing polymers with advantageous properties. The isomeric mixture may be polymerized with other monomers to produce copolymers.

Abstract: A device for detecting the presence of small quantities of water in oil and other petroleum products comprises a container with an associated sample cup for a predetermined quantity of oil whose water content is to be measured, a collector vessel attached to the container and a delivery tube leading from the bottom of the container to the collector vessel. A valve may be interposed in the delivery tube so that the interior of the container can be completely sealed.

Abstract: As a new class of multifunctional additives for industrial fluids, the compounds having the following general formula: ##STR1## IN WHICH EACH X and Y represents a heterocyclic nitrogen radical and may be the same or different for each occurrence of X and Y; Z is a basic nitrogen-containing radical; n is 0 or an integer of at least 1, preferably 1 to 10; and A, B, C, and D are linked groups derived from compounds which may provide desired functions, such as detergent, antioxidant, and antiwear properties, or indirectly useful functions, such as adsorbency. At least one of A, B, C, or D is amino or anilino or is derived from an alkenylsuccinimide or an alkyl lactam or tetrahydropyrrolidine, or alkyl-substituted Mannich base, having at least 8 carbon atoms in the alkenyl or alkyl radical, or combinations of any of these. The reaction between these products and metal compounds particularly alkali and alkaline earth metal compounds provides more improved properties.

Abstract: As a new class of multifunctional additives for industrial fluids, the compounds having the following general formula: ##STR1## IN WHICH EACH X and Y represents a heterocyclic nitrogen radical and may be the same or different for each occurrence of X and Y; Z is a basic nitrogen-containing radical; n is 0 or an integer of at least 1, preferably 1 to 10; and A, B, C, and D are linked groups derived from compounds which may provide desired functions, such as detergent, antioxidant, and antiwear properties, or indirectly useful functions, such as adsorbency. At least one of A, B, C, or D is amino or anilino or is derived from an alkenylsuccinimide or an alkyl lactam or tetrahydropyrrolidine, or alkyl-substituted Mannich base, having at least 8 carbon atoms in the alkenyl or alkyl radical, or combinations of any of these. The reaction between these products and metal compounds particularly alkali and alkaline earth metal compounds provides more improved properties.

Abstract: Multiple metal complexes of nitrogen compounds are prepared by reacting in any desired order (1) an organic reactant, preferably an alkenylsuccinic acid or anhydride or a polyalkylphenol-aldehyde reaction mixture, or a halogenated polyolefin; (2) a polyamine, having one nitrogen atom reactive with the organic reactant and at least one additional nitrogen atom such as an ethylene polyamine and the imidazoline or imidazolidine derivative thereof; (3) and at least two metal compounds, one of which is a metal of Groups IB, IIB, IVA, IVB, VB, VIB, VIIB or VIII of the Periodic Table, capable of both forming a coordinated complex of the Werner type with the polyamine and also forming a complex with the second metal compound, and the said metal compound of metals of the above groups plus alkali and alkaline earth metals. The reactants may be reacted in any order, such as the above order, or the amine reactant may be precomplexed.

Abstract: A method of detecting water in an oil comprises bringing a sample of the oil into contact with a substance which is chemically inert to the oil but reactive with water to produce gas. The amount of gas produced is measured by the displacement of liquid from a closed vessel. Convenient forms of apparatus for carrying out the method are disclosed.

Abstract: A compressor which may also function as a vacuum pump or as a contactor has a rotor surrounded by a gill ring through which the gas or lower density fluid enters. The gas or lower density fluid, compressed if desired, is discharged from inside the gill ring.

Abstract: An infinitely variable ratio traction drive comprises a pair of drive cones driven in opposite directions by an input shaft. A number of intermediate drive shafts with intermediate drive cones splined onto them extend radially with respect to the input shaft so that the intermediate cones are in driving contact with the input drive cones. The intermediate shafts are connected to the output shaft by bevel gears, a planetary drive, or a traction drive or any combination of these. The drive ratio can be varied by altering the radial position of the intermediate cones on their respective shafts.

Abstract: A temperature control device generates a signal proportional to deviations of the temperature from a predetermined set point. This first signal is averaged and a second signal produced in response to it. This second signal deviates from a reference level periodically for a duration proportional to the first signal, e.g. a square signal of variable on/off ratio. This signal is filtered to produce a sloping signal and this signal is, in turn, combined with the first signal to regulate the heat supply.

Abstract: A nucleonic thickness gauge measures the total electron density of a pigmented thermoplastic film from which a product density and thickness may be derived. The amount of pigment admixed with the thermoplastic film resin in an extruder is controlled in response to a comparison between the thickness measured with the nucleonic gauge and the thickness determined from the actual product weight.

Abstract: Greases containing a calcium or calcium/lead complex thickener, a terpolymer improver and a paraffinic base lubricating vehicle. The greases have a thicker consistency than is normally obtained with paraffinic base stocks. They are produced by introducing the terpolymer to the charge of the lubricating vehicle and thickening agent components prior to saponification.

Abstract: A device for preventing the discharge of sediments and oily liquids from ships ballast tanks. The device comprises a chamber around the suction pipe which communicates with the interior of the suction pipe by apertures above the main suction aperture.