Abstract: The invention relates to methods of making and selecting esterase enzymes having an improved perhydrolysis to hydrolysis ratio, and varying K.sub.cat, K.sub.m, and K.sub.cat /K.sub.m and substrate specificity. Such enzymes are useful in peracid bleaching systems and other applications.
Abstract: The present invention relates to new methods for producing cellulose with high crystallinity by enzymatic hydrolysis and to novel cellulosic materials produced by those methods which exhibit a wide variety of DP's. The method is especially useful in producing microcrystalline celluloses.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
October 29, 1992
Date of Patent:
September 13, 1994
Assignee:
Genencor International, Inc.
Inventors:
Edit L. Braunstein, Robert L. Dostie, Keith H. Germano, Steve C. Lamb, Christopher S. Penet, Paul B. Richards
Abstract: There are provided methods for making a mutant Bacillus subtilisin having altered oxidative stability, the methods comprising obtaining DNA fragment consisting of a region coding for a Bacillus subtilisin, and introducing a mutation into said DNA fragment such that the mutation is introduced in a region encoding a methionine, tryptophan, cysteine or lysine, sensitive to oxidation, such that upon expression of the mutant subtilisin one or more codon regions encoding for methionine, tryptophan, cysteine or lysine is replaced with an amino acid other than methionine, tryptophan, cysteine or lysine, preferably alanine or serine.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
March 24, 1993
Date of Patent:
September 13, 1994
Assignee:
Genencor, Inc.
Inventors:
David A. Estell, James A. Wells, Richard R. Bott
Abstract: A granular enzyme composition is produced, having reduced tendencies to form dust and leave residue, and exhibiting improved stability and delayed release characteristics. The granular composition comprises a core, an enzyme layer and an outer coating layer. The enzyme layer, and optionally the core and outer coating layer, contain a vinyl polymer. The vinyl polymer is preferably a hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol or copolymer thereof. The hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol has varying degrees of hydrolysis in the core, enzyme layer and outer coating layer. Also disclosed are methods for making such enzyme-containing granules, the methods having greatly reduced processing time.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
October 7, 1992
Date of Patent:
June 28, 1994
Assignee:
Genencor International, Inc.
Inventors:
Raymond E. Arnold, Nathaniel T. Becker, Matthew G. Boston, Aino Mansikkamaki, Curran M. Simpson, Daniel J. Wendt
Abstract: There are described certain DNA sequences which encode subtilisins wherein the amino acid sequence of such substilisins has been modified at a position equivalent to +225 in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, such that an amino acid selected from the group consisting of alanine, leucine, methionine, glutamine, valine and serine, has been substituted for the amino acid residues naturally occuring at such position.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
April 29, 1992
Date of Patent:
May 31, 1994
Assignee:
Genencor, Inc.
Inventors:
David A. Estell, Robert M. Caldwell, Richard R. Bott, Thomas P. Graycar
Abstract: Recombinant host bacteria and plasmids for making the bacteria using recombinant DNA techniques are described. The plasmids contain DNA coding for subtilisin with an amino acid substitution. Expression of the plasmid DNA results in production of a modified subtilisin.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
December 10, 1991
Date of Patent:
May 10, 1994
Assignee:
Genencor, Inc.
Inventors:
David A. Estell, Eugenio Ferrari, Dennis J. Henner, James A. Wells
Abstract: There are disclosed novel processes for the synthesis of novel intermediates useful in the of further synthesis of cyclitols and derivatives thereof.
Abstract: There are provided cycloalkyl piperidine compounds which are useful in the treatment of physiological or drug-induced psychosis or dyskinesia in a mammal. These novel compounds are selective sigma receptor antagonists and have a low potential for movement disorder side effects associated with typical antipsychotic agents.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
February 6, 1992
Date of Patent:
March 22, 1994
Assignee:
The Du Pont Merck Pharmaceutical Company
Inventors:
Gary A. Cain, Paul J. Gilligan, Sang W. Tam
Abstract: There is described a biocatalytic method for the synthesis of cathecol from a renewable source such as glucose. The method comprises inducing a divergent pathway in the shikimate pathway of a host cell. Additionally, there are described methods for making precursors to cathecol such as protocatechuate.
Abstract: There are provided cycloalkyl piperidine compounds which are useful in the treatment of physiological or drug-induced psychosis or dyskinesia in a mammal. These novel compounds are selective sigma receptor antagonists and have a low potential for movement disorder side effects associated with typical antipsychotic agents.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 18, 1992
Date of Patent:
November 30, 1993
Assignee:
The Du Pont Merck Pharmaceutical Company
Inventors:
Gary A. Cain, Paul J. Gilligan, Sang W. Tam
Abstract: There are described, normally sporulating mutant Bacillus strain(s) which produce no detectable proteolytic activity during any phase of its growth. The absence of detectable proteolytic activity is due to the deletion of one or more codons specifying the mature subtilisin protease and the mature neutral protease. Also described are methods for producing such normally sporulating, protease deficient Bacillus mutants.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
November 25, 1991
Date of Patent:
November 23, 1993
Assignee:
Genencor, Inc.
Inventors:
Eugenio Ferrari, Dennis J. Henner, Mark L. Stahl
Abstract: Microorganisms are removed from the surface of materials such as fabrics or contact lenses by treatment with a Type II endoglycosidase. The Type II endoglycosidase may be used alone or in combination with other enzymes, detergents, surfactants and/or disulfide cleaving reagents to facilitate removal of the microorganisms. The Type II endoglycosidase may be an Endo-.beta.-N-acetylglucosaminidase, Endo-.alpha.-N-acetylgalactosaminidase or Endo-.beta.-N-galactosidase.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
October 27, 1989
Date of Patent:
November 2, 1993
Assignees:
Genencor International, Inc., P&G
Inventors:
Richard S. Carpenter, Pushkaraj J. Lad, Ann M. Wolff
Abstract: The invention relates to use of a water dispersible isophthalic acid polymer as a dust free coating on particulates. The particles provide a timed release of the contents of the particle which allows for reduced amounts of active agents on the coatings and less interference between active agents in the coating or environment and the particulates.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
January 17, 1991
Date of Patent:
October 19, 1993
Assignees:
Genencor International, Inc., Eastman Kodak Company
Abstract: This invention relates to (amidomethyl)nitrogen heterocyclic and pyrrolidine compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, methods of using such compounds and processes for making such compounds.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
January 14, 1991
Date of Patent:
October 19, 1993
Assignee:
The Du Pont Merck Pharmaceutical Company
Inventors:
Robert S. Cheeseman, Hollis S. Kezar, III, Richard M. Scribner
Abstract: A novel microorganism has been isolated and identified as Agrobacterium sp., a gram-negative aerobe. The Agrobacterium sp. microorganisms has been found to efficiently degrade ferric chelates of aminopolycarboxylic acids, such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and related compounds, found in aqueous waste solutions. A biologically pure culture of Agrobacterium sp. and a process for using the culture are disclosed.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
October 26, 1990
Date of Patent:
October 12, 1993
Assignee:
Genencor International, Inc.
Inventors:
John Lauff, James Breitfeller, D. Bernie Steele, Louise Coogan
Abstract: This invention relates to bags for the cryopreservation of mammalian cells and particularly for the long-term freezing of red blood cell. This invention also relates to methods of manufacturing such bags.
Abstract: A novel method for ester hydrolysis catalyzed by enzymes having an oxyanion hole wherein the amide hydrolysis reaction is minimized. Enzymes are selected or alternatively derived by replacement of amino acid residues, which have minimal hydrogen bonding at or within 15 angstroms of the oxyanion hole.
Abstract: There are provided cycloalkyl piperidine compounds which are useful in the treatment of physiological or drug-induced psychosis or dyskinesia in a mammal. These novel compounds are selective sigma receptor antagonists and have a low potential for movement disorder side effects associated with typical antipsychotic agents.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
February 6, 1992
Date of Patent:
September 7, 1993
Assignee:
The Du Pont Merck Pharmaceutical Company
Inventors:
Gary A. Cain, Paul J. Gilligan, Sang W. Tam
Abstract: A cloned subtilsin gene has been modified at specific sites to cause amino acid substitutions at certain spots in the enzyme. The modified enzyme, preferably produced by Bacillus, is useful in combination with detergents.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
July 20, 1990
Date of Patent:
May 10, 1994
Assignee:
Genencor, Inc.
Inventors:
David A. Estell, James A. Wells, Richard R. Bott