Abstract: A network device has at least two communication ports to allow the device to communicate with at least two telephony devices. The device has a ring manager to determine if any of the communication ports are silent ports ready to transition from silent to ringing, determine if there is power available to transition the silent ports to ringing ports, transition silent ports to ringing ports until an amount of available power is depleted, and queue remaining silent ports until power becomes available, such that silent ports in the queue may experience cadence distortion.

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory device is provided in which cell uniformity is significantly improved. The device includes a plurality of burial N+ diffusion layers extending over the surface of a semiconductor substrate. The plurality of burial N+ diffusion layers are the source/drains of cell transistors and the sub bit-lines of the memory cell array. The device additionally includes a plurality of word lines formed over the semiconductor substrate with gate dielectrics interposed therebetween. The plurality of word lines extend perpendicularly to the burial N+ diffusion layers. A plurality of select lines extend parallel to the word lines and selectively transfer external electrical signals via main bit-lines to the sub bit-lines. The main bit-lines extend parallel to said sub bit-lines. Finally, dummy lines extend parallel to the word lines in the spaces between the select lines and the adjacent word lines.