Abstract: An improved method of fluid analysis in the borehole of a well. A fluid sampling tool is fitted with a pumpout module that can be used to draw fluids from the formation, circulate them through the instrument, and then expel this fluid to the borehole. It has been determined that certain measurements would be most valuable to implement down hole, such as the formation fluid bubble point and dew point. Accurate bubble point and dew point measurements are made by forming bubbles or a liquid drop in a measured sample, and detecting same.

Abstract: An integrated interpretation methodology is described that evaluates carbonate reservoirs. The methodology consists of first classifying the rock facies. A geometrical model specific to the classification is then used to predict the response of the rock to a variety of stimuli. A reconstruction of the geometrical model is made by comparing the measurements with the model predictions. The model is then used to predict the resistivity and the hydraulic transport properties of the rock, thereby enabling computation of both the reserves and their production behavior.

Abstract: There is provided a method of accurately estimating the permeability of sedimentary rock formations from well logging data. The method involves a short relaxation time strategy with the identification of the key k-Lambda parameter S/V.sub.p, which is the surface-to-pore ratio. The inverse of T.sub.2 is related to this ratio by the surface relaxivity, .rho.2. The k-Lambda estimator is given by: ##EQU1## where: .DELTA.V.sub.1 represents the volume elements of the T.sub.2 distribution and the sum over i=1 to n represents some set of early to later volume elements; and V.sub.p is the total pore volume.

Abstract: In this invention a new interpretation methodology has been developed. A pore structure model is used to compute the relaxation behavior. This model is then used as the kernel of a best-fit inversion scheme against the measured data, in contrast to inverting for a T.sub.2 distribution that relies on regularization. Parameters of the model are obtained by "best fitting" the model with the data. The method considers a geometrical or physical model comprising both intergranular and intragranular porosity (microporosity). The NMR relaxation is computed by one of the several methods. The model is compactly represented by a set of physical parameters that are iterated upon until a match with relaxation data is obtained in the best fit sense. The result is obtained in terms of these physical parameters, and then integrated with other types of measurements.

Abstract: A borehole image interpretation method that utilizes a Hough transform technique is described. The method can detect planar structures such as fractures and formation beddings in the borehole, as well as geometric patterns such as elliptical vugs.

Abstract: An acoustical method of determining the spherical, or vuggy, porosity in carbonate rock formations, as a function of shear modulus. Total porosity and shear modulus of the formation is measured. Then the intrinsic granular porosity, dry bulk modulus, and spherical porosity are calculated. The carbonate rock is modeled, consisting of a primary host medium composed of carbonate grains with intergranular porosity between them. The model is easily modified to account for the case of intercrystalline microporosity existing within the grains, in addition to the intergranular porosity between them.

Abstract: The present invention features a check-reading and check-validation machine having a programmed microprocessor, a photo-sensor, a magnetizing unit, a magnetic head reader, feed rollers and a stepper motor drive for rotatively driving the feed rollers. The machine may be a sub-unit of a printer. A check is introduced to the nip of the feed rollers. The photo-sensor detects the presence of the check and activates the stepper motor drive. The stepper motor drive then causes the feed rollers to rotate, drawing the check into the reading and validating machine. The microprocessor instructs the stepper motor to feed and discharge the check into and out of the machine, according to a specialized program. The microprocessor program initially instructs the stepper motor to rotate the feed rollers for forward drive, utilizing half-step pulsing.

Abstract: This invention features a machine for both validating checks and authenticating paper currency. The check validating apparatus of the machine is made up of a photo-sensor, a magnetizing unit, a magnetic head reader, a pair of feed rollers and a stepper motor drive for rotatively driving the feed rollers. The machine uses the same internal apparatus for authenticating paper currency bills. A currency bill is introduced to the nip of the feed rollers. The photo-sensor senses the presence of the currency bill and activates the stepper motor drive. The stepper motor drive then causes the feed rollers to rotate, drawing the bill into the machine. The microprocessor program initially instructs the stepper motor to rotate the feed rollers for forward drive, utilizing half-step pulsing. As the currency bill moves past the magnetizing unit and magnetic head reader on forward motion into the machine, a strip of the bill is magnetized.

Abstract: This invention features a sensing system and a method for dispensing financial and retail receipts from a receipt-printing machine. The sensing system of this invention can use any one of a myriad of typical supply rolls having a media strip (usually paper) that has black marks periodically located at given intervals along its edge. The sensing system usually has a light-emitting diode (LED) and a photo-transistor. The light from the LED is directed on the supply roll, where, as the paper is advanced, it is reflected to the photo-transistor. When a black mark comes into the range of the LED, the light from the LED is absorbed and not reflected to the photo-transistor. The printing machine then stops advancing the paper, and cuts it to form a receipt of adequate length. The invention utilizes a microprocessor that has a pulse width modulator (PWM) for providing a square wave output to a digital-to-analog (D/A) converter. A program of the microprocessor controls the frequency and the duty cycle of the PWM.

Abstract: A method of creating building instructions for a three dimensional cabling assembly for use in a larger assembly. A three dimensional digital computer model of the cabling assembly and a larger assembly is designed ab initio by using a three dimensional mechanical design system. A three dimensional view of the model is then selected and transferred to a two dimensional representation while retaining the aspect ratios of the cabling assembly. Finally, overall lengths of cable sections aligned with the corresponding cable sections themselves are provided in human readable form.

Abstract: A system for designing an intercommunication network among a plurality of devices. The system includes a device for storing rules to meet design requirements and a mechanism connected to the device for storing rules in order to revise the rules dynamically. Also provided is a device for storing data and a mechanism connected to the device for storing data in order to revise the data. A requestor has the ability to access all rules and to revise a portion of the data. Moreover, a designer has the ability to access all rules and to revise another portion of the data, which portion has at least one subportion that cannot be revised by the requestor.

Abstract: A method of producing instructions for installing a three dimensional cable assembly in a larger assembly. A three dimensional digital computer model of the cable assembly and a larger assembly is designed ab initio by using a three dimensional mechanical design system. A three dimensional view of the model is then selected and transferred to a two dimensional representation while retaining the aspect ratios of the cable assembly. Finally, the cable assembly geometry is visually distinguished from the larger assembly so that the former assembly is clearly accentuated with respect to the latter.

Abstract: A system for interrupting loading of data into a high speed memory device from main storage when a processor requests cache access. A high speed cache is connected to main storage for storing at least a subset of the data residing therein, and the cache can be directly accessed by a processor. In a preferred embodiment, a buffering device is connected to main storage and to the cache for buffering data to be loaded therein. The data buffer is adapted to receive data from main storage continuously and is adapted to transfer the data to the cache continuously unless the cache is being accessed by the processor.

Abstract: A data processing system having a first logical device capable of sending and receiving clocked electronic data and a second logical device connected to the first logical device, the second logical device also being capable of sending and receiving clocked electronic data. A controller is connected to the first and second logical devices for controlling data transfer therebetween. The controller includes a clock edge generator and gating logic connected thereto for allowing the first logical device to accept data and the second logical device to send data during a time interval of an odd number of clock edges.

Abstract: A methodology to perform binary addition. An operand A and an operand B are presented as input and an operation is performed that respects the laws of the binary addition. The operation is performed with the use of pseudo generate signals, pseudo transmit signals, pseudo half sum signals, pseudo transmit half sum signals, a new-carry and SUM equations. The SUM equation is described for ripple or parallel configurations. All quantities can be used on single bit boundaries, or extensively for any chosen grouping of bits to accommodate chosen technology or grouping so as to facilitate the design and to increase the performance of hardware-implemented adders under the constraints of a varied technology book set. The invention also describes the implementation of a 32-bit adder that requires no more than three logic stages of delay, using a technology that allows up to 3.times.8 AND-OR books.

Abstract: A system for producing human readable physical data in text form from geometric data in mathematical form that partially describes a three dimensional object. A first database is provided that contains geometric data in mathematical form representative of the shape of the object. A second database contains physical data in text form. At least a portion of the data in the first database can be extracted and used as the basis for calculations of physical data in mathematical form, which can be converted into human readable physical data in text form. The resulting physical data can be merged with data from the second database to produce a complete geometric description in text of the object. The present invention also contemplates a mechanism for using empirical data with a knowledge based system. The knowledge based system can be used to modify the physical data to adapt geometric properties to a manufacturing process.

Abstract: A silicon-modified organic surface is roughened by treatment with an oxygen containing plasma. If necessary the organic surface may be silicon-modified by treatment with a silicon containing material prior to plasma treatment. The roughened organic surface provides improved adhesion to other organic surfaces and to deposited metals. Improvements in methods for laminating organic surfaces and for depositing metals on organic surfaces which achieve improved adhesion are disclosed. Structures comprising laminated organic layers or metal deposited on organic surfaces which provide improved adhesion between the organic layers or between the metal and the organic surface are also disclosed.

Abstract: A voltage sharing circuit which allows use of low voltage semiconductor devices to obtain higher output voltages is made up of a series stack of the low voltage devices with diode limiters provided to bias the low voltage devices such that the maximum voltage across any one of the low voltage devices is limited to a predetermined value.

Abstract: A non-saturating voltage output driver circuit. A controlling mechanism is connected to a current source, a reference voltage and a load. A pre-driver is also connected to the current source. Connected to the controlling mechanism, the pre-driver and the load is a down-level output driver, the output of which is dependent on the reference voltage, but kept out of saturation and substantially constant over a temperature range.

Abstract: There is disclosed a sample and hold circuit using a four diode bridge using a voltage source and a bridge and a storage capacitor and the voltage source to be sampled coupled to the other two opposite nodes of the bridge. Switches in the lines coupling the voltage and current sources to the bridge control whether the sample and hold circuit is sampling data or holding the sampled voltage. This arrangement is characterized by extremely low sample voltage acquisition time.